Issues and Debates Flashcards
what are the criteria for something to be a science?
Replicability Reliability Validity Reductionism Falsification Hypotheses testing Empiricism Use of controls
what does replicability mean?
whether a procedure is standardised and can be replicated
what is internal validity?
being able to establish cause and effect between an IV and DV
what is ecological validity?
being able to generalise results to other settings and situations
what is predictive validity?
whether the study can predict what will happen in similar situations in the future
what is reductionism?
taking a complex concept and reducing it into it component parts. scientific theories should be reductionist and specific instead of holistic
what is falsification?
it is possible to prove it wrong
what is empiricism?
evidence should be observable through one of the five senses and should be physical and objective
what is hypothesis testing?
a hypothesis should be formed first and then tested empirically with physical evidence
what does use of controls mean?
if extraneous variables are kept consistent, we can be sure that the IV has caused the effects on the DV
structure of 12 markers?
4 PEELS and IS/ISNT
acronym for BPS ethical guidelines
C C D D R I P
what are the human ethical guidelines?
confidentiality competency deception debrief right to withdraw informed consent psychological harm
acronym for animal ethical guidelines
A B C D E
what are the animal ethical guidelines?
alternative batesons decision cube caging distress excess numbers
