Isomers - O chem

Question 1

Molecules with the same molecular formula but different arrangement of atoms

Answer 1

Isomers

Question 2

Types of Isomers

Answer 2

1. Constitutional Isomers
2. Stereoisomers

Question 3

Different connections between atoms

Answer 3

Constitutional Isomers

Question 4

Constitutional Isomer Example

Answer 4

Cyclobutane and Butene

Both C₄H₈

Question 5

Same connection between the atoms

Answer 5

Stereoisomers

Question 6

Types of Stereoisomers

Answer 6

1. Conformational Isomers
2. Configurational Isomers

Question 7

Freely interconvert WITHOUT breaking bonds

Answer 7

Conformational isomers

Question 8

Conformational Isomer Example

Answer 8

Cyclohexane - Chair and Boat conformation

Question 9

Requires bond brekaing to interconvert

Answer 9

Confirgurational Isomers

Question 10

Types of Configurational Isomers

Answer 10

1. Enantiomers
2. Diastereomers

Question 11

Non-superimposable mirror images

Answer 11

Enantiomers

Question 12

Enantiomer Example

Answer 12

(R) and (S) 2-hydroxypropanoic acid

Question 13

Not mirror images

Answer 13

Diasteromers

Question 14

Types of Diastermiors

Answer 14

1. Only one stereo center flipped
2. Geometric Isomers
3. Epimers
4. Anomers

Question 15

Geometric Isomers

Answer 15

Vary around double bond

E/Z or Cis/Trans

Question 16

Epimers

Answer 16

Sugars that only vary at ONE stereocenter

Ex: Glucose and Galactose

Question 17

Anomers

Answer 17

An epimer based on a cyclic sugar

Question 18

Mutarotation

Answer 18

Conversion between alpha and beta anomers