Conditioning / Reinforcement

Question 1

Acquisition

Answer 1

Developing the conditioned response

Question 2

Extinction

Answer 2

Losing the conditioned response after pairing with unconditioned stimulus stops

Question 3

Generalization

Answer 3

Producing the conditioned response upon presentation of a different (but similar) stimulus than the conditioned stimulus

Question 4

Discrimination

Answer 4

Only producing the conditioned response upon presentation fo the exact conditioned stimulus (not similar stimuli)

Question 5

Reinforcement

Answer 5

Response to a behavior to increase the behavior

Question 6

Punishment

Answer 6

Response to a behavior to decrease the behavior

Question 7

Positive

Answer 7

Adding something (good or bad) to alter behavior

Question 8

Negative

Answer 8

Removing something (good or bad) to alter behavior

Question 9

Continuous

Answer 9

Give reward for each behavior

Fast learning but fast extinction

Question 10

Fixed Interval

Answer 10

After reward, a fixed time must pass before a reward will be given again

Ex: give food pellet, then 10-minute delay, then first lever-press again, gets food pellet

Question 11

Variable Interval

Answer 11

After reward, a random time must pass, then a reward can be given again

Question 12

Fixed Ratio

Answer 12

Reward given for every time a number of behaviors is performed

Ex: a good pellet for every 5 lever presses

Question 13

Variable Ratio

Answer 13

Reward given after a random number of behaviors. Has the longest persistence of behavior after reward stops

Ex: Slot machines

Question 14

Classical Conditioning Cause

Answer 14

Pair a natural stimulus (Unconditioned Stimulus) with some other stimulus (Conditioned Stimulus)

Question 15

Classical Conditioning Effect

Answer 15

Turn a natural reaction (Unconditioned Response) into a trained reaction (Conditioned Response)

Question 16

Classical Conditioning Example

Answer 16

Present FOOD (US) and then dog SALIVATES (UR)
Then ring BELL (CS) and present FOOD (US); dog then
SALIVATES (UR)

Continue putting the BELL (CS) before the FOOD (US)
Eventually: the BELL (CS) will make the dog SALIVATE (nowCR)

When the dog responds to the bell, the behavior of
SALIVATING changes from being a natural, unconditioned
response to being a learned conditioned response.