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Religious Studies > Islam : Beliefs and teachings > Flashcards

Islam : Beliefs and teachings Flashcards

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1
Q

How many traditions does the sunni part of Islam have ?

A

Six - Called iman

Tawhid

Beliefs about angles of Allah

Beliefs about the books of Allah

Beliefs about the messenger of Allah - the rasul

Akhirah and the day of judgement

Al ‘ Qadr ( Predestination )

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2
Q

What is Usul ad - din ?

A

Five principles of the Shi’a tradition of Islam

Belief in oneness and unity of Allah : Al - Tawhid

Belief in divine justice - Al - Adl

Belief in prophethood : Al - Nubuwah

Belief in imams : Al - Imamah

Belief in the day of Resurrection : Al - Ma’ad

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3
Q

What three traditions do Sunni’s and Shi’as believe in ?

A

Oneness of Allah

Prophethood

Day of judgement

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4
Q

Why are the core beliefs so important to muslims ?

A

Through them they are able to understand all that Allah wants them to know about him

Through this they are then able to worship Allah by relying on his words sent through the prophets

Gives Muslims a sense of their own place before Allah and an understanding of life after death

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5
Q

Why is Tahwid important to Muslims

A

It is the belief that Allah is the One God , he alone created the earth and he alone sustains it

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6
Q

What are the key beliefs about Allah which Muslims believe ?

A

He is infinite - As The one God he is without beginning or end , he was not created and nor can be destroyed

He is omnipotent and omniscient - Allah created the whole universe , controls everything in it and will one day bring the world to an end. He sees all creation

He is merciful and benevolent - He helps human by sending messengers in the form of the prophets to help people understand how to live a life following his will

He is Transcendent but also immanent

He is fair and just - Muslims believe that this life is a test for what will happen to them after death

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7
Q

How do Muslims believe they should run their lives ?

A

They give their hole lives completely to the will of Allah , seeking to become his servant and living in obedience to his command.

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8
Q

What does Tawhid allow Muslims to do ?

A

Enables the believer to understand that everything they have is by the will of Allah ; they are completely dependent upon him.

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9
Q

What is it called when Muslims place something above Allah ?

A

idolatry and it is considered the ultimate sin. ( Shirk ) so polytheistic religions they believe commit shirk

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10
Q

What do Muslims believe about Christianity when it comes to Tawhid ?

A

They believe that ( Farther , son and holy ) is wrong seeing God as three people

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11
Q

Why do some Sunnis believe that shia’as muslims don’t truly believe in tawhid ?

A

This is because Shi’a muslims believe in the 12 imams who have special characteristics and are often seen as semi - divine

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12
Q

Define Caliph

A

Successor to Muhammed

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13
Q

Define the Imam

A

Successor of Muhammed ( In the Shi’a tradition )

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14
Q

Define infallible

A

Without error

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15
Q

Define occultation

A

The Shi’a belief that the twelfth imam is still living but hidden , waiting to reappears he will come as a messiah to bring justice , peace and co - existence at the end of the world.

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16
Q

What signs do Shi’a Muslims believe they will see before the twelfth Imam is sent back ?

A

Second coming of Jesus

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17
Q

What is the Imamate ?

A

Imamate is chosen by Allah , another revelation of his supremacy and authority

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18
Q

Define predestination

A

The Belief that all events have been willed by Allah

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19
Q

The Shia belief in divine justice

A

Shia Muslims believe that

There is an objective frame work

Allah is perfect and always acts in a way that is right

Humans are able to sue their reasoning to work out what is the right way to act out

Humans should use there free will to act in the right way

At the day of judgement Allah will judge people according to this moral framework

Allah will send the righteous to Heaven and the wicked to hell

There is no predestination

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20
Q

What do Sunni Muslims believe about divine justice ?

A

They argue there is no objective right or wrong . Everything Allah does is right simply because he does it.

They believe in predestination

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21
Q

Define Risalah

A

Communication between Allah and man in the form of books , angles and prophets

22
Q

Who was the first prophet ?

A

Adam “ The seal of the prophets”

23
Q

Define Khalifa

A

Someone who acts for Allah on Earth

24
Q

Define Iblis

A

Satan

25
Q

Define Al - Jannah

A

Paradise

26
Q

Kutub

A

Allah provided instructions for all the prophets. It was recorded in written form

The Tawrat ( Torah ) of musa contains Allah’s revelation to Moses

The Zabur ( Pslams ) of Dawud contains Allah’s revelation to David

The Injil ( Gospel ) of isa contains Allah’s revelation to Jesus

The suhuf-i-Ibrhami ( Scrolls of Abraham ) contains Allah’s revelation to Abraham

27
Q

Sunni beliefs about the Qur’an ?

A

The Qur’an has always been in existence

Not always in written form

Eternal like Allah

28
Q

What is the Shia belief about the Qur’an

A

Not eternal

Created by Allah

Can be added to by the Imams , who can interpret the message

29
Q

What sources do scholars use to see how Muslims should behave ?

A

The Sunna prophet Which contains records on what Muhammed did

The Hadith prophet which contains what Allah said

30
Q

How does the Sunna prophet and Hadith prophet help Muslims ?

A

Help them lead a life like Allah

31
Q

What do some Muslims believe about the use of the Prophet extracts ?

A

They believe that because it is not the exact word of God they should not use it , only the Qur;an should be followed

32
Q

Define Nur

A

Divine light

33
Q

Angels In Muslim culture ?

A

They are not beings

They follow the will of Allah

They have no free Will

Praise and adore Allah

Angels are created to help humans and allow communication between Allah and humans

34
Q

Angels role in the day of judgement ?

A

They note who has been obedient and who has not.

They welcome the obedient ones into heaven but the ones who are disobedient will be throw into hell

35
Q

How do Angels perform the will of Allah

A

Take human form eg the angel Jibra’il appeared in human form in front of Mary , the mother of Isa ( Jesus )

36
Q

Name the angles motioned in the bible

A

Jibra’il - The chief angel brought Allahs message to Muhammed

Izra’il - The angel of death responsible for ending a persons life

Israfil - the angel of the last judgement and will blow the trumpet to announce the day of resurrection

Mika’il - The guardian angle

37
Q

Define honourable scribes

A

Angels who write down the deeds of human beings , both good and bad

every person is assigned a angle writing down every word waiting for the final judgement

38
Q

What is Al-qadr

A

Predestination - Mulims believe that Allah has a plan for everyone and everything

39
Q

Define sifat

A

That Allah has unlimited knowledge about everything , things that have not even happened yet.

Muslims believe that he wrote this in the preserved tablet - no change can take place unless Allah wills it

40
Q

Muslim eschatological beliefs

A

Jabrties believe that all human actions are determined by Allah and that humans have no free will

41
Q

Problems with Jabrites belief about Eschatological beliefs ?

A

If Allah s responsible for all human actions the he is responsible for suffering and evil. Meaning he is not merciful and benevolent

42
Q

Muztazilities

A

Human free will means no predestination

On the day of judgement every person will be judged on their actions they had taken on their free will

Each persons fate is decided by Allah’s divine justice , which is absolute so there is no mercy

43
Q

Muslim belief about life after death ?

A

Life is preparation for the next

Qur’an is a guide on how Muslims should live their lives

44
Q

Define Barzakh

A

The waiting time between an individuals death and the day of judgement

45
Q

Muslims belief on what happens to the soul during Barzakh ?

A

Souls experience in Barzakh depends on how they lived their life

Soul given temporary body. The body will be light or dark depending on how obedient they had been to earlier life

The soul will know its final judgement because of the temporary body

46
Q

Sunni belief about the day of judgement ?

A

Isa the messiah will appear

Bring true Muslims together

Isa will lead a massive battle until Islam is the only religion left

47
Q

Shi’te Muslim belief about the day of judgement ?

A

The twelfth Imam is the messiah not Isa. He will appear

48
Q

Define Al - Jannah

A

Heaven

Heaven and hell will be seen on the day of judgement

49
Q

Name the doors of Al-Jannah

A

Baab As - sadaqah - An entry for those who have often given to charity

Baab Al - Hajj - For those who have completed the pilgrimage

Baab Al-Iman - for those who constantly work hard for Allah

50
Q

Define Jahannan

A

Hell

place for purification and eternal suffering , constant pain

51
Q

Define martyrdom

A

Dyeing for their religion

Some people use this to justify terrorism

Religious Studies (24 decks)

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