Islam : Beliefs and teachings Flashcards by George Bott

How many traditions does the sunni part of Islam have ?

Six - Called iman

Tawhid

Beliefs about angles of Allah

Beliefs about the books of Allah

Beliefs about the messenger of Allah - the rasul

Akhirah and the day of judgement

Al ‘ Qadr ( Predestination )

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What is Usul ad - din ?

Five principles of the Shi’a tradition of Islam

Belief in oneness and unity of Allah : Al - Tawhid

Belief in divine justice - Al - Adl

Belief in prophethood : Al - Nubuwah

Belief in imams : Al - Imamah

Belief in the day of Resurrection : Al - Ma’ad

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What three traditions do Sunni’s and Shi’as believe in ?

Oneness of Allah

Prophethood

Day of judgement

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Why are the core beliefs so important to muslims ?

Through them they are able to understand all that Allah wants them to know about him

Through this they are then able to worship Allah by relying on his words sent through the prophets

Gives Muslims a sense of their own place before Allah and an understanding of life after death

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Why is Tahwid important to Muslims

It is the belief that Allah is the One God , he alone created the earth and he alone sustains it

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What are the key beliefs about Allah which Muslims believe ?

He is infinite - As The one God he is without beginning or end , he was not created and nor can be destroyed

He is omnipotent and omniscient - Allah created the whole universe , controls everything in it and will one day bring the world to an end. He sees all creation

He is merciful and benevolent - He helps human by sending messengers in the form of the prophets to help people understand how to live a life following his will

He is Transcendent but also immanent

He is fair and just - Muslims believe that this life is a test for what will happen to them after death

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How do Muslims believe they should run their lives ?

They give their hole lives completely to the will of Allah , seeking to become his servant and living in obedience to his command.

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What does Tawhid allow Muslims to do ?

Enables the believer to understand that everything they have is by the will of Allah ; they are completely dependent upon him.

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What is it called when Muslims place something above Allah ?

idolatry and it is considered the ultimate sin. ( Shirk ) so polytheistic religions they believe commit shirk

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What do Muslims believe about Christianity when it comes to Tawhid ?

They believe that ( Farther , son and holy ) is wrong seeing God as three people

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Why do some Sunnis believe that shia’as muslims don’t truly believe in tawhid ?

This is because Shi’a muslims believe in the 12 imams who have special characteristics and are often seen as semi - divine

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Define Caliph

Successor to Muhammed

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Define the Imam

Successor of Muhammed ( In the Shi’a tradition )

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Define infallible

Without error

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Define occultation

The Shi’a belief that the twelfth imam is still living but hidden , waiting to reappears he will come as a messiah to bring justice , peace and co - existence at the end of the world.

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What signs do Shi’a Muslims believe they will see before the twelfth Imam is sent back ?

Second coming of Jesus

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What is the Imamate ?

Imamate is chosen by Allah , another revelation of his supremacy and authority

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Define predestination

The Belief that all events have been willed by Allah

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The Shia belief in divine justice

Shia Muslims believe that

There is an objective frame work

Allah is perfect and always acts in a way that is right

Humans are able to sue their reasoning to work out what is the right way to act out

Humans should use there free will to act in the right way

At the day of judgement Allah will judge people according to this moral framework

Allah will send the righteous to Heaven and the wicked to hell

There is no predestination

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What do Sunni Muslims believe about divine justice ?

They argue there is no objective right or wrong . Everything Allah does is right simply because he does it.

They believe in predestination

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Define Risalah

Communication between Allah and man in the form of books , angles and prophets

Who was the first prophet ?

Adam “ The seal of the prophets”

Define Khalifa

Someone who acts for Allah on Earth

Define Iblis

Satan

Define Al - Jannah

Paradise

Kutub

Allah provided instructions for all the prophets. It was recorded in written form The Tawrat ( Torah ) of musa contains Allah's revelation to Moses The Zabur ( Pslams ) of Dawud contains Allah's revelation to David The Injil ( Gospel ) of isa contains Allah's revelation to Jesus The suhuf-i-Ibrhami ( Scrolls of Abraham ) contains Allah's revelation to Abraham

Sunni beliefs about the Qur'an ?

The Qur'an has always been in existence Not always in written form Eternal like Allah

What is the Shia belief about the Qur'an

Not eternal Created by Allah Can be added to by the Imams , who can interpret the message

What sources do scholars use to see how Muslims should behave ?

The Sunna prophet Which contains records on what Muhammed did The Hadith prophet which contains what Allah said

How does the Sunna prophet and Hadith prophet help Muslims ?

Help them lead a life like Allah

What do some Muslims believe about the use of the Prophet extracts ?

They believe that because it is not the exact word of God they should not use it , only the Qur;an should be followed

Define Nur

Divine light

Angels In Muslim culture ?

They are not beings They follow the will of Allah They have no free Will Praise and adore Allah Angels are created to help humans and allow communication between Allah and humans

Angels role in the day of judgement ?

They note who has been obedient and who has not. They welcome the obedient ones into heaven but the ones who are disobedient will be throw into hell

How do Angels perform the will of Allah

Take human form eg the angel Jibra'il appeared in human form in front of Mary , the mother of Isa ( Jesus )

Name the angles motioned in the bible

Jibra'il - The chief angel brought Allahs message to Muhammed Izra'il - The angel of death responsible for ending a persons life Israfil - the angel of the last judgement and will blow the trumpet to announce the day of resurrection Mika'il - The guardian angle

Define honourable scribes

Angels who write down the deeds of human beings , both good and bad every person is assigned a angle writing down every word waiting for the final judgement

What is Al-qadr

Predestination - Mulims believe that Allah has a plan for everyone and everything

Define sifat

That Allah has unlimited knowledge about everything , things that have not even happened yet. Muslims believe that he wrote this in the preserved tablet - no change can take place unless Allah wills it

Muslim eschatological beliefs

Jabrties believe that all human actions are determined by Allah and that humans have no free will

Problems with Jabrites belief about Eschatological beliefs ?

If Allah s responsible for all human actions the he is responsible for suffering and evil. Meaning he is not merciful and benevolent

Muztazilities

Human free will means no predestination On the day of judgement every person will be judged on their actions they had taken on their free will Each persons fate is decided by Allah's divine justice , which is absolute so there is no mercy

Muslim belief about life after death ?

Life is preparation for the next Qur'an is a guide on how Muslims should live their lives

Define Barzakh

The waiting time between an individuals death and the day of judgement

Muslims belief on what happens to the soul during Barzakh ?

Souls experience in Barzakh depends on how they lived their life Soul given temporary body. The body will be light or dark depending on how obedient they had been to earlier life The soul will know its final judgement because of the temporary body

Sunni belief about the day of judgement ?

Isa the messiah will appear Bring true Muslims together Isa will lead a massive battle until Islam is the only religion left

Shi'te Muslim belief about the day of judgement ?

The twelfth Imam is the messiah not Isa. He will appear

Define Al - Jannah

Heaven Heaven and hell will be seen on the day of judgement

Name the doors of Al-Jannah

Baab As - sadaqah - An entry for those who have often given to charity Baab Al - Hajj - For those who have completed the pilgrimage Baab Al-Iman - for those who constantly work hard for Allah

Define Jahannan

Hell | place for purification and eternal suffering , constant pain

Define martyrdom

Dyeing for their religion Some people use this to justify terrorism