IS: Diseases and Sero tests Flashcards
are self-replicating extrachromosomal dna molecules that are located in the bacteria’s cytoplasm and contain limited number of genetic elements
Plasmid
Found on the cell wall of gram - bacteria
Lipopolysaccharide
Function in the attachment of bacteria to host cell
F or sex pili
enhance ability of S. pyogenes pili to attach to host cell particularly to fibronectin
F protein
limits deposition of C3 on the bacterial surface
M protein
Proteins excreted by bacterial cells as they metabolize during course of strep infections
exoantigens/exotoxins
strep enzyme that promotes fibrinolytic activity by converting plasminogen to plasmin
streptokinase
enhances spread of streptococcus through connective tissue
hyaluronidase
inactive in the oxidized form and can cause lysis of wbc and rbc in its reduced state
Streptolysin 0
MW of streptolysin O
70 000 daltons
produces surface hemolysis on BAP and is non antifenic with 2800 MW
Streptolysin S
result of pharyngeal infection; URTI with rash due to erythrogenic toxin
Scarlet Fever
very red and swollen and there is well-defined border btwn normal and infected skin
Erysipelas/St. Anthony’s fire
skin infection that invades muscles of extremities or trunk
exotoxins deep in fascia result in ischemia, tissue necrosis, and sepsis
necrotizing fasciitis
main damaging sequelae of group a strep
glumerulonephritis
Acute RHF
strep is plated on
blood agar
ASO titer for children in ASOT testing
360 Todd units
positive result in anti-dnase test
green color persists
MOT of H. pylori
fecal-oral, oral-oral
urea is broken down to what in urea breath test
ammonia and bicarbonate
used to determine success of therapy in h. pylori
rapid EIA
best for initial screening method
anti H. pylori detection/ ELISA
mulberry//fried egg appearance in culture
M. pneumoniae
2 syndromes caused by M. pneumoniae
Reynaud’s syndrome
Stevens-Johnson syndrome
rash appear first on trunk and later to extremities
Thypus group
Rocy mountain spotted fever is caused by
Rickettsia ricketsii
Rocky mountain fever is transmitted by
american dog tick (D. variabilis),
wood tick (D. andersoni)
brown dog tick (R. sanguineus)
target cell of rocky mountain fever
vascular endothelium
method of choice for rickettsial infection
serodiagnosis
gold standard in derecting rickettsial antibodies
IFA
micro IF
long slendel helically coiled microaerophilic bacteria that has periplasmig flagella and corkscrew movement
spirochetes
pinta is caused by
T. carateum
t. pallidum s. pallidum is best observed in
DFM
evolves from macule to papula and into ulcer
firm painless non itchy skin ulceration
chancre
patches that become maculopapular forms white flat whitish wart like lesions
condylomata lata
tabes dorsalis in tertiary stage of syphilis means
general paralysis
chronic skin and bone disease of tropics with fambresia lesions
yaws
buba causative agent
T. pallidum s. pertenue
this test reacts with cardiolipin
non trep test
false positive in non trep test occurs in diseases such as
hepa, im, measles
VDRL,RPR,ISR are examples of
non trep test
only sero test approved for diagnosing neurosyphilis
vdrl
removes anti-complement property of cardiolipin
lecithin
preservative used in rpr
thimerosal
trep test that is test of choice for neurosyphilis and rule out false pos result
TPI test
uses reiter strain and nichols strain
FTA-ABS
diag of neurosyphilis in aids ptx
pcr
microhemagglutinaton uses
formalinized tanned sheep rbc
hatta and tpha
gluteraldehyde stabilized sheep rbc
pos result for this is lattice-like structure covering surface of well, used to detect primary syphilis and uses gelatin
TP-PA
5-30 um long, 0.2-0.5 um wide and contain 7-22 periplasmig flagella
Borrelia spp
vector-borne multisystem illness involving skin, nervous system heart and joints
lyme disease
causative agent for lyme disease
borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto
ixode in west us
i. pacificus
main reservoir host of borrelia
white footed mouse / peromyscus leucopus
bull’s eye lesion
erythema chronicum migrans or ECM in stage 1 lyme disease
arthritis, late neuroborreliosis
late lyme disease/stage 3
