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finals > Hematology: Malignant Lymphoproliferative > Flashcards

Hematology: Malignant Lymphoproliferative Flashcards

1
Q

Slow uncontrollable growth of abnormal lymphoid cells in the BM, spleen and lymph nodes

Anemia, granulocytopenia, thrombocytopenia

A

Acute Lymphoblastic leukemia

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2
Q
  • Normocytic, normochromic anemia
  • CNS involvement with scrotal infiltration
  • Petechiae, purpura and/or hemorrhage (secondary to thrombocytopenia)
  • neg SBB, MPO
    + pos TdT, ACP, NSE
A

ALL

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3
Q

Most common type (74%) of childhood leukemia

best prognosis

A

L1

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4
Q

Burkitt type (Leukemic phase of Burkitt lymphoma)

A

L3

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5
Q

Lymphoblasts are very small & homogenous

Scanty cytoplasm (↑N/C ratio)

Nucleus is round and regular in shape with inconspicuous nucleoli

A

L1

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6
Q

Lymphoblasts are larger and variable (heterogenous) in size

Abundant, basophilic cytoplasm
Clefted nucleus with nucleoli present

A

L2: Large cell,
Heterogenous

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7
Q

Lymphoblast is large but varies little with size

Moderate and deeply basophilic cytoplasm often with vacuoles
Nucleus is round with 1-3 nucleoli

A

L3

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8
Q

Chronic disorder characterized by lymphadenopathy and infiltration of BM and peripheral blood by mature lymphocytes

More common among men, 40 to 60 y.o.

A

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)

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9
Q

Most common early signs: enlarged lymph nodes, splenomegaly (and hepatomegaly later)

Bacterial infection is the major cause of death

AIHA in 10% of cases

A

CLL

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10
Q

-SMUDGE CELLS
-Hypogammaglobulinemia

A

CLL

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11
Q

RAI CLASS

+ thrombocytopenia

A

STAGE 4

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12
Q

Absolute lymphocytosis (>15 × 109/L) in the peripheral blood and BM

A

STAGE 0

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13
Q

80% are of the B cell type

typically shows large lymphocytes with moderately abundant cytoplasm, and prominent nucleoli

A

Prolymphocytic Leukemia

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14
Q

Leukemic Reticuloendotheliosi

lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by pancytopenia

Pancytopenia – most consistent laboratory observation

Normocytic, normochromic anemia

A

HCL

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15
Q

Monoclonal neoplastic proliferation of one of the cellular components of the lymphoid system

A

LYMPHOMA

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16
Q

LYMPHOMA DIAGNOSIS

A

LN BIOPSY

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17
Q

LYMPHOMA VS LEUKEMIA

A

LYMPHOMA = LOCALIZED, LYMPHOID
LEUKEMIA = SYSTEMIC, BM

18
Q

enlarged, painless, cervical lymph nodes

Reed-sternberg cells (OWL’S EYE)

INC ESR, LAP

A

HODGKIN’S

19
Q

78%, lacunar cells IN HODGKIN’S IS WHAT

A

nodular sclerosis

20
Q

ann arbor stage where >2 lymph nodes on one side of the diaphragm

A

stage II

21
Q

ann arbor stage where lymph nodes on both sides of the diaphragm and spleen

A

stage III

22
Q

ann arbor stage where involves single lymph node region

A

stage I

23
Q

Proliferation of malignant lymphocytes that are arrested at certain stages of maturation (neoplasms of B cells and T/NK cells)

A

Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

24
Q

causes skin itching, leading to ulcerative skin tumors

Lymphoid cells show a predilection for the epidermis (epidermotropism) and dermis and may spread to regional lymph nodes.

A

Mycosis Fungoides

25
Q

Leukemic phase of mycosis fungoides

T/NK , resembles monocyte

Disseminated disease with widespread skin involvement (erythroderma), lymphadenopathy, and circulating lymphoma cells

A

Sēzary Syndrome

26
Q

A B-cell neoplasm. t(8,21)

Found most often in children in Africa & new guinea & commonly affects the jaw & facial bones;

A

Burkitt’s Lymphoma

27
Q

Rapid growth and tumor cell death results in “starry sky” appearance of biopsy caused by macrophage cleaning the dead cells

Tumor growth rate is the highest of any tumor (doubling each day)

A

Burkitt’s Lymphoma

28
Q

Incidence of Hodgkin

A

Bimodal

29
Q

Incidence of non Hodgkin

A

No pattern

30
Q

Spread of Hodgkin

A

Predictable / Stepwise

31
Q

Malignant proliferation of a monoclonal population of plasma cells that may or may not secrete detectable levels of a monoclonal immunoglobulin

A

PLASMA CELL DYSCRASIA

32
Q

↑of one specific type of Ig produced by one neoplastic clone of plasma cells

A

Monoclonal gammopathy

33
Q

Main clinical finding is bone pain (bone lesions/fractures)

Renal failure (BJP toxic to tubular epithelial cells) and bacterial infection are the major cause of death

A

MM

34
Q

Marked rouleaux; ↑ ESR

Blue background to blood smear

increase gamma band containing an M-spot which is composed of monoclonal CHONs

A

MM

35
Q

MM + for BJP in urine. True or False.

A

True

36
Q

Increased macroglobulins produce “hyperviscosity syndrome” which causes neurologic symptoms, CHF, visual impairment, nose/gum bleeding

ALSO MARKED ROULEAUX AND ESR

A

Waldenström
Macroglobulinemia

37
Q

IMMUNOGLOBULIN IN MM

A

IgG

38
Q

Malignant proliferation of lymphoid cells which produce incomplete Ig

A

Heavy Chain Disease

39
Q

Mediterranean lymphoma

A

ALPHA HCD

40
Q

resembles lymphoma, common in the elderly

A

Gamma HCD

41
Q

resembles myeloma

A

Delta HCD

42
Q

Generally found as an acute terminal stage in multiple myeloma

9 mos survival

A

Plasma Cell Leukemia

finals (10 decks)

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