Iron Studies

Question 0

Fe in energy production role?

Answer 0

cytochromes
krebs cycle
Cytochrome p450

Question 1

How can iron damage tissues?

Answer 1

converts H2O2 to free radial ions = cancers, cardiac toxicity

Question 2

Daily iron we absorb?

Answer 2

1-2mg from the 10-20mg we eat

Question 3

how do we lose iron in body

Answer 3

the gut when the cells slough off, we lose the iron in those cells

Question 4

what form of iron is absorbed?

Answer 4

Ferric Fe3+

Question 5

Transferrin can store how many iron?

Answer 5

2 molecules

Question 6

normal transferrin saturation is?

Answer 6

40%

Question 7

Ferritin shape?

Answer 7

sphere for iron storage

Question 8

Haemosiderin is?

Answer 8

‘rusted’ ferritin

Question 9

what regulates the transferrin into body?

Answer 9

HFE (MHC)

Question 10

HFE (MHC) single gene mutation causes what?

Answer 10

haemochromatosis

Question 11

Iron responsive binding protein does what when lots of iron? when less iron?

Answer 11

doesn’t bind to mRNA and degraded so less transferrin

stabilized mRNA and more transferrin production

Question 12

Haemochromatosis consequences? top 3?

Answer 12

Liver disease
Diabetes
Cardiac dysfunction

Question 13

sign of early over accumulation of iron?

Answer 13

arthropathy, OA, irriversible

Question 14

someone with OA in a young person should think?

Answer 14

Haemochromatosis

Question 15

iron toxicity start at what level?

Answer 15

1500 ug/l

Question 16

Young women ferritin range vs. menopause range?

Answer 16

young: 10-200
menopause: 10-1000

Question 17

how many grams of iron in liver before pathology?

Answer 17

20 grams in liver

Question 18

iron overload saturation of transferrin %?

Answer 18

80%

Question 19

which genetic mutation causes low transferrin?

Answer 19

homozygote for C282Y mutation

Question 20

once ferritin goes above 1000ug, what happens to ALT?

Answer 20

exponential increase

Question 21

estrogen does what to transferrin?

Answer 21

increases to send iron to baby

Question 22

children MCV usually low or high?

Answer 22

often a bit low

Question 23

iron depletion mean low what?

Answer 23

ferritin

Question 24

iron deficiency means lack of iron for?

Answer 24

physiology: ie. microcytic anaemia

Question 25

mouth symptoms of iron deficiency?

Answer 25

weak, fatigue
sore tongue
angular chelitis
nail changes

Question 26

malabsorption of iron in 3 conditions:

Answer 26

coaelica
bowel resection
achlordynia

Question 27

increased iron loss cause?

Answer 27

bleeding from GI (risk of cancer)
worm
malaria

Question 28

Top 3 known causes of low iron?

Answer 28

menstruation
NSAIDS
carcinoma

Question 29

anaemia ferritin level at? microcytosis?

Answer 29

<10%

Question 30

haemolysins are what?

Answer 30

put holes in red cells

Question 31

what uses haemolysins?

Answer 31

bacteria to get at your RBC iron

Question 32

how to bacteria get at your iron? 2 ways

Answer 32

bind transferrin/ferritin

haemolysins

Question 33

siderophores for what?

Answer 33

to bind iron in Hb

Question 34

Fever does what to bacteria and iron gathering?

Answer 34

decreased siderophore

Question 35

lactoferrin does what?

Answer 35

binds iron in acidic or inflammatory environment, better against bacteria

Question 36

caeruloplasmin acute phase protein for what?

Answer 36

quickly turn Fe2 to Fe3 to bind to lactoferrin

Question 37

acute phase protein Haemopexin does what?

Answer 37

bind haem and removes from circulation

Question 38

acute phase protein haptoglobin does?

Answer 38

binds haemoglobin

Question 39

Hepcidin does what?

Answer 39

stop release iron in acute phase inflammation

Question 40

anaemia in inflammation MCV?

Answer 40

normocytic

Question 41

anaemia of chronic disease

Answer 41

increase ferritin
decrease transferrin
decrease iron