Iron

Question 1

where are heme iron found and how is it absorbed

Answer 1

heme iron is found in animal products, part of hemoglobin, absorbed by using heme carrier protein 1

Question 2

where are non heme iron found and how is it absorbed

Answer 2

non heme iron is found in plants and supplements; reduced in the SI (requires vit C) absorbed using generic divalent mineral transporter

Question 3

heme iron absorption

Answer 3

1. absorbed by facilitated diffusion using heme carrier protein 1; 2. Fe2 released inside enteroyte by heme oxygenase

Question 4

nonheme iron digestion

Answer 4

ferrous iron is aborbed by facilitated diffusion using divalent mineral transporter

Question 5

what increased Iron absorption

Answer 5

fructose and sorbitol, acids, meat poultry and fish

Question 6

what decreases iron absorption

Answer 6

coffee and tea, phytate (whole grains), oxalate (veggies), phosvitin (egg whites), Ca, Zn, Mn, Ni

Question 7

iron is extremely reactive so it must be bound?

Answer 7

protein at all times

Question 8

if the body doesnt need iron right away by what in the enterocyte

Answer 8

ferritin. if not used in 2-3 days its sloughed off with lining of SI

Question 9

if the body needs iron it is bound to ____ and transport across the basolateral membrane and oxidized to ?

Answer 9

bound by ferroportin and oxidized to Fe3+

Question 10

Transferrin picks up Fe3+ and transports it to

Answer 10

liver spleen and bone marrow

Question 11

iron is made into?

Answer 11

hemoglobin or myoglobin

Question 12

if iron is stored it binds to _____? where is it stored?

Answer 12

liver, spleen and bone marrow

Question 13

ferritin location and function

Answer 13

located in SI, liver, spleen, bone marrow Function: iron stores

Question 14

ferroprortin location and function

Answer 14

Location: SI
Function: transports Fe across the basolateral membrane

Question 15

ferroportin requires ____ to transport Fe across the basolateral membrane

Answer 15

Copper

Question 16

Transferrin location and function

Answer 16

Location: Plasma
function: transports Fe in plasma

Question 17

When iron stores are low what protein takes t out of the SI

Answer 17

transferrin

Question 18

When iron stores are high what keeps it in the SI

Answer 18

ferritin

Question 19

iron RDA men and woman

Answer 19

men: 8mg/day
woman: 18mg/day

Question 20

sources of Iron

Answer 20

seafood, lean meat, poultry, legumes, vegetables, black strap molasses, dried fruit, whole grain bread

Question 21

is iron deficiency most common nutritional deficiency in the US

Answer 21

yes

Question 22

who is at risk for Fe deficiency

Answer 22

Kids, adolescents, females of childbearing age, pregnant woman

Question 23

symptoms of iron deficiency

Answer 23

pallor, fatigue, decreased cognition, short attention span, depressed immune system

Question 24

iron supplements can cause a depletion in _____

Answer 24

zinc

Question 25

TUI of iron

Answer 25

40-45mg/day

Question 26

whos is at risk of iron toxicity

Answer 26

supplemental iron overdose in kids

genetic disorder-hemochromatosis

Question 27

iron toxicity causes

Answer 27

organ damage from iron deposition

Question 28

what is hemochromatosis

Answer 28

toxic build up of iron due to genetic inability to properly metabolize it

Question 29

which carrier protein is synthesized in both the SI and Liver

Answer 29

ferritin

Question 30

what compound in chocolate decreases iron absorption

Answer 30

oxalate

Question 31

when a patient presents with an iron deficiency which blood protein is elevated

Answer 31

transferrin

Question 32

what mineral deficiency may lead to an iron deficiency

Answer 32

copper