Ionisation Energies 1.1 4

Question 1

Electrons move to higher energy levels

Answer 1

Atoms in the gaseous state are given energy by heating or passing an electric current through them

Question 2

Emit electromagnetic Radiation

Answer 2

Return back to lower energy levels . Analyse electromagnetic radiation emitted by a device called a spectroscope

Question 3

Specific frequencies emitted

Answer 3

Unique to an individual element

Question 4

Emission spectrum produced

Answer 4

A line spectrum

Question 5

Only certain frequencies of electromagnetic radiation emitted

Answer 5

Evidence that energy of electrons in atoms only have certain fixed values

Question 6

Ionisation energy

Answer 6

Energy to completely remove an electron of an atom

Question 7

Successive ionisation energies

Answer 7

Steady increases , big jumps - evidence for the existence of quantum shells

Question 8

First quantum shell

Answer 8

Have the lowest energy so require the most energy to remove

Question 9

Electron lost in ionisation

Answer 9

So far from the influence of the nucleus that it no longer experiences the attractive force of the nucleus - infinite distance

Question 10

Ionisation energy depends on

Answer 10

Energy has when it is in its orbital within an atom

Ionisation energy =energy of electron when removed - energy of electron when in orbital

Question 11

Electron - electron repulsion

Answer 11

Within orbital shield from effect of nuclear charge

Question 12

Factors affect energy of an electron spectrum

Answer 12

Orbital in which the electron excists
Nuclear charge of the atom
Repulsion shielding experiences by the electrons from all other electrons present

Question 13

Across a period

Answer 13

nuclear charge increases as the number of protons increase
electron is added to same quantum shell increase energy of outermost electron
nuclear charge more significant so general increase in first ionisation energy
not perfect trend

Question 14

Down a group

Answer 14

nuclear charge increase as the number of protons increase decrase energy of outer electron
new quantum shell added on each occasion -increase energy of outermost electron as each qunatum shell has a higher energy than the other and outer electron experinces incrased shielding from inner electrons
first ionisation energy decreases
again faults

Question 15

first ionisation energy definiton

Answer 15

energy required to remove an electron from each atom in a mole of atoms in the gaseous state

Question 16

second ionisation energy

Answer 16

energy required to remove an electron from each singly charge positive ion in one mole of positive ions in the gaseous state