17.4 4 Phenol

Question 1

Phenol

Answer 1

Hydroxyl group joined to a benzene ring

Question 2

Properties

Answer 2

Similar to alcohols

Undergo electrophilic substitution because of benzene ring

Question 3

Bromination of phenol

Answer 3

Occurs at room temperature without a catalyst
Bromine water
Water decolourised during reaction
Organic product forms a white precipitate
3 Br added on and get
Reaction occurs three time’s

Question 4

Why reaction occurs more readily with phenol than with benzene

Answer 4

Oxygen of OH group has a lone pair of electrons
These merge with the delocalised electrons in the pi bond
The electron density above and below the ring of atom increases
Making more susceptible to electrophilic attack

Question 5

Uses of phenol

Answer 5

Antiseptic
2,4,6-trichlorophenol TCP
Manufacture of polymers and pharmaceuticals

Question 6

Phenolphthalein

Answer 6

Indicator in acid base titrations
Colourless form with three benzene rings and two OH groups
Pink is ion with no OH groups and two benzene rings

Question 7

See

Answer 7

Book for structures