17.3 3 Acyl Chlorides

Question 1

general formula

Answer 1

RCOCl

Question 2

not classified as

Answer 2

Carbonyl compounds

Question 3

naming

Answer 3

ethanoyl chloride
propanoyl chloride
butanoyl chloride

Question 4

Carbon atom

Answer 4

Is joined to two electronegative atoms so is electron deficient -readily attacked by nucleophiles

Question 5

Reaction with water

Answer 5

React vigorously with cold water forming a carboxylic acid and hydrogen chloride gas appearing as misty fumes

Question 6

see

Answer 6

equations in book

Question 7

Reactions with alcohols

Answer 7

Form an ester and hydrogen chloride gas

Question 8

Reaction with concentrated ammonia solution

Answer 8

Amide and HCl
further reaction between NH3+HCl form NH4Cl ammonium chloride
see equation

Question 9

Reaction with primary amines

Answer 9

Primary amine is RNH2
N-substituted amide and HCl
Naming is (N-chain from N-carbon chain-amide)
for example N-methylethanamide

Question 10

Reaction with secondary amines

Answer 10

R2NH get two substiuted alkyl groups RCONR2 N,N-alkyl group 1 added-alkyl group 2 added +HCl e.g N,N-dimethylethanamide

Question 11

Why not occur with tertiary amine

Answer 11

With three alkyl groups no H to react with Cl to form hydrogen chloride