17.2 2 Redox reactions of carbonyl compounds

Question 1

aldehyde oxidation

Answer 1

carboxylic acid

Question 2

aldehyde reduction

Answer 2

primary alcohol

Question 3

ketone oxidation

Answer 3

not easily oxidised

Question 4

ketone reduction

Answer 4

secondary alcohol

Question 5

reducing agent for both ketones and aldehydes

Answer 5

lithium tetrahydridoaluminate LiAlH4

Question 6

Reduction reactions are carried out

Answer 6

both carbonyl compound and reducing agent dissolved in dry ether

Question 7

reducing agent represented as

Answer 7

[H] Symbol for atom of hydrogen provided by the reducing agent

Question 8

reagents that can oxidise aldehydes

Answer 8

acidified potassium dichromate (v1),fehlings solution,benedicts solution and tollens reagent

Question 9

acidified potassium dichromate (V1)

Answer 9

orange -green reduction of chromium ion from 6+to 3+

Question 10

Fehlings solution / Bendicts solution

Answer 10

deep blue solution -red precipitate copper conversion of copper(11) complex to copper (1) oxide

Question 11

Tollens reagent

Answer 11

colourless solution to silver mirror conversion of silver(1) complex to metallic silver that sticks to inside of the tube

Question 12

how to carry out oxidation reactions

Answer 12

mix the carbonyl compound with oxidising agent and leave mixture in a beaker of hot water use [O] (symbol of an atom of oxygen provided by oxidsing agent in an unspecified way)

Question 13

How to distinguish

Answer 13

use an oxidising agent . If the substance being tested is a know carbonyl compound then a negative result is a confirm ketone

Question 14

triiodomethane reaction

Answer 14

product is CHI3 a yellow insoluble solid
an alkaline solution of iodine and mixture warmed then cooled a pale yellow precipitate forms - a postive test for carbonyl compounds that contrainc=o-ch3
only ethanal and all methyl ketones
some alcohols will give postive results because of oxdising conditions