Investigations Flashcards
Parkinson’s disease (2)
Clinical diagnosis
- Trial of L-dopa supports
Bell palsy (2)
- Investigate other causes: infection with bloods
- CT head if upper motor neuron signs: stroke/tumour/MS
Meningitis investigations
BLOODS - Blood cultures - FBC - Liver function tests - Clotting screen - Meningococcal PCR - Pneumococcal PCR - Serology sample - Glucose THROAT SWAB - Culture CSF sample
What is investigated in a meningitis CSF sample? (6)
- Opening pressure
- Microscopy, culture and sensitivity
- Meningoccocal and Pneumoccoal PCR
- Protein
- Glucose
- Lactate
What is the appearance of CSF bacterial meningitis?
Cloudy and turbid
What is the opening pressure of CSF bacterial meningitis?
Elevated (>25cm H20)
What is the WBC of CSF bacterial meningitis? And what type of cells?
Elevated > 100 cell/Ul
Polymorphonuclear leukocytes
What is the glucose level of CSF in bacterial meningitis?
Low <40% serum glucose
What is the protein level of CSF in bacterial meningitis?
Elevated >50mg/dL
What is the appearance of CSF in viral meningitis?
Clear
What is the opening pressure of CSF in viral meningitis?
Normal/elevated
What is the WBC of CSF in viral meningitis? Main type of cell? (2)
Elevated
50-1000 cells/UL
Lymphocytes
What is the glucose level for viral meningitis? (2)
Normal
Low in HSV
What is the protein level for viral meningitis?
Elevated >50mg/dL
What is the appearance of CSF in fungal meningitis?
Clear/cloudy
What is the opening pressure in fungal meningitis CSF?
Elevated
What is the WBC of fungal meningitis CSF?
Elevated (10-500 cells/ul)
What is the glucose level of fungal meningitis CSF?
Low
What is the level of protein in fungal meningitis CSF?
Elevated
What is the appearance of TB meningitis CSF? (2)
- Opaque
- Settles to form fibrin web
What is the opening pressure of TB meningitis CSF? (2)
Elevated
What is the WBC of TB meningitis CSF? (2)
Elevated
10-1000 cells/dl
What is the glucose of TB meningitis CSF?
Low
What is the protein of TB meningitis CSF?
Elevated
1-5 g/L
