Inv Flashcards
In a cognitive interview, what is the purpose of the reverse order technique
To help the witness recall events in a different sequence
What is the main disadvantage of using forensic accounting in investigation
High cost, Time consuming nature, Complexity of the process
What is the primary role of a forensic document examiner
To analyze handwriting and documents
What is the primary function of a forensic accountant in an investigation
Analyzing financial records
Which of the following is the primary goal of evidence collection at a crime scene
To preserve the evidence for analysis
Which of the following is a method for preserving evidence
Proper documentation and storage
A person may effect an arrest without warrant when he/she
Has reasonable grounds to believe that the individual will fail to attend court
Which of the following best describes the concept of saturation in surveillance operations
Ensuring continuous coverage, Overlapping surveillance efforts, Maximizing observer presence
In digital forensics what is the significance of a system log file
It records system and user activities
What is the role of a forensic anthropologist
To analyze human remains for identification
What is the primary role of a surveillance operation in an investigation
Gathering direct evidence of activities
What is the primary purpose of surveillance in an investigation
To gather evidence
What of the following is not typically a part of the cognitive interview process
Asking Leading Questions
Which type of surveillance involves following a subject
Mobile Surveillance
What is the primary function of a forensic pathologist
Conducting autopsies
What is the primary goal of a security investigation
To identify and address security threats
What is the main purpose of a root cause analysis in investigation
Identifying the cause of the incident , Preventing recurrence of incidents
Which of the following is not a common type of investigation in the business context
Market research
In the context of forensic interviews, what is the primary purpose of the Reid technique
To obtain a confession
Which of the following is not a common method of analyzing financial statements in fraud investigations
Probability Analysis
During a buy-bust operation what is the primary risk to undercover agents
Exposure and potential physical harm
Which of the following is a not primary consideration in the planning of a buy-bust operation
The financial cost of the operation
During an interrogation using the REID technique, what is the primary goal of the theme development phase
To create a psychological environment conducive to confession
In a cognitive interview, what is the purpose of using varied recall techniques
To trigger different aspects of memory
Which of the following is a key component of a risk assessment in investigations
Identifying potential threats
Evaluating the probability of occurrence
Determining potential impact
Which of the following is not a benefit of using video surveillance in investigations
Privacy Protection
What is the primary function of a forensic lab
To analyze physical and digital evidence
What is the main goal of an internal investigation
Identifying policy violations, Determining the cause of incidents, Implementing corrective actions
What is the primary objective of an undercover operation
To gather information covertly
Which of the following is not a typical step in the investigation process
Closing the investigation without reporting
What is the main objective of conducting a root cause of analysis in an investigation
To identify the underlying reason for an issue
Which of the following is not a component of the fraud triangle
Detection
Which of the following best describes the concept of beyond a reasonable doubt
The standard of proof in criminal cases
What is the main difference between a control hire and cold hire in undercover investigations
Control hires are pre planned. Cold hires are spontaneous
Which of the following best describes Lima Syndrome
Captors develop sympathy for their hostages
Which of the following is not an investigative interview principle
Leading Questions
What is the main purpose of a risk assessment in an investigation
Identifying potential threats and vulnerabilities
What is the primary objective of an employee background check in an investigation
To verify the accuracy of the employees resume
Which of the following is a primary benefit of using the cognitive interview technique
Enhanced recall of detailed information
What is the primary goal of an internal investigation
Identifying policy violations
What is the primary purpose of a chain of custody in an investigation
To document the timeline of the investigation
To ensure evidence integrity
What is the role of a crime analyst
To analyze crime data and trends
This process should be reserved for individuals whose involvement in the issue under investigation is reasonably certain
Confrontational interview
Which of the following is not a characteristic of an effective interview environment
Distraction
What is the first step in conducting an investigation
Establishing objectives
In an investigation what is the primary purpose of a polygraph test
To detect lies
What is the main objective of conducting a forensic audit
To identify financial discrepancies
Which of the following is not an effective way to maintain the integrity of digital evidence
Allowing multiple people to handle the evidence
Which of the following is not a benefit of using open source intelligence (OSINT) in investigations
Ensuring evidence integrity
What is the primary objective of a interview in an investigation
To obtain information and verify facts
Which of the following is not typically included in an investigation report
Detailed financial analysis
In the context of investigations what does the term modus operandi refer to
The suspects method of operation
Which factor is most important in witness credibility
Consistency of testimony
Which of the following best describes a subpoena
A legal order to compel testimony or the production of evidence
Which of the following best describes a lead in an investigation
A potential source of information or evidence
In digital forensics, what is the primary purpose of network traffic analysis
To identify unauthorized access
Which of the following best describes the concept of reasonable suspicion
A belief based on facts that a crime may have been committed
Which of the following is not a typical step in the fraud investigation process
Marketing
What is the main disadvantage of physical surveillance
High cost
What is the primary function of an investigative plan
To outline the steps and objectives of an investigation
Which of the following best describes the primary purpose of an undercover operation
To gather evidence without detection
Which of the following is not a typical step in the investigative process
Making assumptions
What is the purpose of an undercover agent
To gather information without being detected
In the context of interview techniques, what is the primary advantage of using cognitive interviewing
It enhances the interviewees memory recall
What is the main purpose of litigation hold
To prevent evidence destruction
Which of the following is not an essential characteristic of a well conducted investigation
Expediency
Which of the following best describes lock in effect
Data migration difficulty
What is the purpose of an investigative report
To document findings and support conclusions
Which of the following is not a typical step in the evidence collection process
Manipulation
Which of the following best describes a sting operation
An operation where suspects are tricked into committing a crime
Which of the following best describes Stockholm Syndrome
Hostages develop positive feelings towards their captors
What is the importance of maintaining confidentiality during an investigation
To protect the integrity of the investigation and the privacy of involved parties
What is the main disadvantage of relying solely on digital evidence in an investigation
Potential for data manipulation
What is the primary disadvantage of using physical surveillance in invesgitations
High Cost
Risk of detection
Which of the following is not a preservation method for digital evidence
Encrypting
What is the main disadvantage of using covert surveillance in investigations
Risk of detection
Which of the following statements about the Reid technique is True
It involves direct confrontation and accusation
In an investigation what is the primary benefit of using forensic imaging software
It ensures data integrity
In the context of interviews, what does rapport building refer to
Establishing a connection to facilitate communication
Which of the following is not a common error in digital evidence collection
Using write blocking tools
Which of the following methods is not typically used to conceal embezzlement
Performing routine audits
During an interrogation using the REID technique, what is the primary goal of the theme development phase
To create a psychological environment conducive to confession
What is the primary function of an interview in an investigation
To gather information from witness and suspects
Which of the following best describes the term forensic analysis
A scientific examination of evidence
Which of the following is a defining feature of Stockholm Syndrome
Hostages develop positive feelings for their captors
Which of the following is a common technique used in investigations
Interviewing witnesses
Which of the following best describes the concept of reasonable doubt
A standard of proof in criminal cases
Which technique is most effective for interviewing witnesses
Establishing rapport
Which of the following is not typically included in the principles of due diligence during investigations
Immediate confrontation with suspects
Which of the following is not a standard technique in digital forensics
Conducting interviews
What is the primary disadvantage of using biometrics in investigations
Hight cost, Legal and privacy concerns, Technical Complexity
What is the purpose of a forensic lab in an investigation
To analyze physical and digital evidence
Which of the following is not typically considered a red flag for financial fraud
Frequent travel for business purposes
Which of the following is not an essential quality of an effective investigator
Bias
The principle of Unity of command is most relevant to which aspect of investigations
Organizational structure
What is the primary disadvantage of using open source intelligence (OSINT)
Legal and Ethical Issues
What is the purpose of a witness statement in an investigation
To document firsthand accounts of an incident
What is the purpose of an surveillance operation
To monitor activities for evidence gathering
In the context of cognitive interviews, what is the context reinstatement technique used for
Enhancing witness memory recall by recreating the original context
In an investigation what is the primary function of an evidence locker
To secure physical evidence
Which of the following is not a method used to validate the authenticity of digital evidence
Physical examination of the hardware
In the context of undercover investigations what does the cold hire imply
The agent has not prior relationship with the target
In an interrogation using the Reid technique. What is the primary purpose of the theme development stage
To suggest reasons why the suspect committed the crime
What is the primary purpose of a sting operation
Evidence gathering
Which of the following is not a method for ensuring the integrity of investigative files
Allowing unrestricted access
In an interrogation using the Reid technique. What is the primary purpose of the minimization strategy
To reduce the suspects perceived consequences of confessing
In cognitive interviews why it is important to allow the witness to recount events in their own words
To avoid influencing the witnesses memory
The Law of Tort deals with
Torts against person and property
In digital forensics what is the primary purpose of creating a forensic image of a storage device
To replicate the contents exactly for analysis without altering the original
What is the primary challenge of using mobile forensic in investigation
Legal implications
What is the main objective of a forensic interview
To gather detailed information
Which of the following is common challenge in conducting undercover operations
Maintaining the undercover agents cover
Which of the following best describes the chain of custody in evidence building
A record of all individuals who have handled the evidence
What is the key benefit of OSINT
Public information access
Which of the following is the primary purpose of a surveillance operation
Gathering Evidence, Deterring criminal activity, Protecting Assets
Which of the following is not a typical source of open source intelligence (OSINT)
Confidential informants
What is the primary purpose of a root cause analysis in investigations
Identifying the underlying reasons for an incident
What is the key to effective report writing in investigations
Being, Clear, Concise and Objective
In the context of digital forensics, what is the purpose of using a disk image
To replicate the contents of a disk for analysis
What is the main purpose of a audit trail
To document financial transactions
Thefts of this nature are held to be impulsive acts committed by persons operating alone who pick up an item or two that is readily available when there is small risk of detection
Theft of opportunity
What is the primary goal of a preliminary investigation
Crime determination
Which of the following best describes the term substantial evidence
Evidence that is reasonable mind might accept as adequate
In the context of PEACE model, what does Account refer to
Allowing the suspect to tell their story uninterrupted
Which of the following is not a common symptom of financial statement fraud
Increased capital expenditures with no significant business expansion
In forensics accounting what is the primary purpose of a Benfords law analysis
To identify unusual data patterns in financial statements
Which of the following best describes the purpose of a forensic analysis
Analyzing evidence in a laboratory setting
In a digital forensic investigation what is the primary reason for creating a forensic image of a harddrive
To preserve the original data
What is the significance of probable cause in investigation
Reasonable grounds for making a search or pressing a charge
Which of the following is not a characteristic of a well conducted surveillance operation
Immediate confrontation of a the suspect
What is the primary goal of an asset search in a fraud investigation
To locate hidden assets
In the context of digital forensics, what is the purpose of using a disk image
To replicate the contents of a disk for analysis
In digital forensics what is the purpose of a write blocker
To prevent alterations to the original data
what is the primary benefit of using multiple investigators in a complex case
Enhanced expertise
Increased resources
Faster resolution
Which of the following statements about chain of custody is incorrect
It is only necessary for physical evidence
Which of the following is an example of testimonial evidence
A witness statement
In the context of investigations what does the term due diligence refer to
The thoroughness of the investigation
Which of the following is not a typical sign of data tampering in digital forensics
Regular file backups
What is the main disadvantage of using witness statements in an investigation
Potential for bias and inaccuracies
What is investigation
Investigation is a systematic and through examination or inquiry into something or someone (the collection of facts and information) and the recording of that examination in a report
Define investigation from management perspective
Management is defined as the act of conducting or supervising something or “the judicious use of means to accomplish an end
What are the primary purposes of an investigation
The primary purpose of any investigation thoroughly documenting incidents -identifying cause of undesirable situations - documenting and correlating facts surrounding any situation or allegation - identifying suspects involved in a crime or act of misconduct - completing information that proves or disproves an allegation or that implicates or exonerates an individual suspected or committing a crime or misconduct - allowing a decision to be made, often with respect to a level of trust or suitability determination, regarding an individual
What is defalcation
Failure to properly account for money held in a fiduciary capacity
What are the considerations for an investigation
Investigation Considerations:
(a) The case level
(b) The strategic levels
Define the investigative functions at case level
At the case level: the purpose sets the context within which the investigation will be conducted and help keep the people working or the particular case focused
Define the investigative at the strategic level
Dictates the necessary planning, organizing, equipping, staffing and preparation
What are the qualities of an effective investigation
Objectivity, thoroughness, relevance, accuracy and timeliness
Who will ensure that the investigations are present at the case and strategic level of investigation?
It is management’s role to ensure these qualities are present at both level of investigation
The most difficult requirements for the investigator is to maintain
Objectivity
Many investigations are founded or working……….
Hypothesis
The hypothesis is appropriately used as a tool as long as it remains within……….
The bounds of objectivity
What is the common mistake of inexperience investigation
Failure to corroborate evidence is a common mistake of inexperienced investigations, but it can happen to anyone
. What shall an investigator do to aid in maintaining objectivity
To aid in maintaining objectivity, every investigator should consciously recognize his or her personal prejudice and neutralize the effects of those prejudices on investigative activities, including the formation of the hypothesis
. What is crucial for successful outcome of a case
Investigators’ approach and demeanor is of critical importance to the successful outcome of a case
The investigation accomplishes an air of objectivity by choosing
Words and phrases carefully and avoiding facial expression and body language
During investigation, the first and foremost, the investigator must project
An air of objectivity
Corroborating important aspects through different sources is a proven means of………….
Achieving thoroughness
In the interest of thoroughness, a balance must be drawn between
An effort to follow every possible lead to its logical conclusion and gathering so much information
What is the key determinant of relevance
The spectrum of details pertains, the depth of details and cause and effect
What can arise and become extremely relevant in any type of investigation
Cause and Effect relationship
What is the least accurate forms of investigative information
Eyewitness accounts are among the least accurate forms of investigative information
In the corporate environment, most credible information on losses, several harassment and other reportable incidents come from
Employee tips
Sound investigative technique dictates
Frequent tests for verification
If an informant is the only source of key data, the informant should be tested at least for
Consistency
Who should carefully evaluate all investigative input
All investigative input should be carefully evaluated by the investigative management team
Accuracy is also a key element in
Personal background and reemployment investigation
Three things important for an investigation
In investigation it is important to: Open an investigation as soon as possible -Complete an investigation as quickly as possible - Avoid closing an investigation prematurely
Why it is important to conduct an investigation as soon as an incident is reported
The important reason for conducting an investigation as soon as incident is reported or discovered because the value of physical or electronic evidence diminishes rapidly and witnesses others who possess relevant information provide the best information when the incident in fresh
Once an investigation is under way it should be completed in …………… to conserve resource, allow operations to return normal as soon as possible, and deter other potential wrongdoers.
Expedient manners
What reflect the professionalism of the investigation
Quick and decisive
What is the impact of rush investigation
Rush investigation leads towards adverse impact including the possibility of increased liability risk
In which type of case resolution can be achieved
Resolution cannot be achieved in all cases
What can help to minimize the problem of unrealistic expectation as an outcome of investigation
Regular and timely communication between senior security or investigative managers corporate or organizational decision makers will help minimize the problem of unrealistic expectations
A crime scene investigation is an example of ………….
Reactive measures
The primary purpose of a private sector security organization is to…….
Protect the interests of the employing enterprise
Why in many cases, the public law enforcement agency having jurisdiction decides not to investigative an incident
Because of its workload and other priorities
What are points that distinct private sector and public sector investigation
The distinction between the public sector and private sector has implication for- legal authority - resource allocation - program management – investigative outcome
The value of private sector investigative capabilities are frequently measured in terms of …………………………
Recovery, restitution and risk reduction
The interest of the private sector enterprise may be best served by some combination of………………
Accepting restitution or taking administrative or employment action
Which investigation is broader in scope? Public or corporate
Corporate investigation tends to be broader in scope than those initiated by public law enforcement.
What are the points that must be consider n determining investigation outcomes
In determining investigation outcomes of the case must consider - the legal requirements in the jurisdiction - organized labour contracts in force or pending -public and investor relations - the past practice of the enterprise in similar cases
Who should be always consulted before making any decision regarding the outcome of the investigation?
Legal counsel should always be consulted in making decision about the outcome of investigation
In private sector, a formal relationship should be formed between the
Investigator and appropriate legal counsel
What are the basic functions of management
Planning, organizing, directing, coordinating, and controlling
What are the three levels of investigation in which it should be managed
Investigation can be managed at the strategic, operational and case levels
At which level of investigation legal counsel should be involved
Legal counsel must be involved at strategic level to ensure the proper focus of the investigation as it relates to company policy and procedures or civil or criminal states.
What are the issues at strategic level
Issues at strategic level include: - Who will head the investigate function - Where it will fit in the organizational structure - What its strategic goals and objectives will be - Where it will focus its efforts - How financial and personal resources will be allocated to the function
What are the functions of operations level
The operational level deals with the technical aspects of the investigative function and how the function works within its department
What are the issues at operational level
Issues at operational level include: - Case load, case assessment, quality control, investigative policies and procedures, reporting formats, liaison, composition, supplies and equipment, evidence management, and outside contracts are considered at this level.
What are the issues at case level
Issues at case level involves: - Individual investigations, the particular investigators. - Investigative technique - Case management protocols associated with them.
Goals and objectives are critical to the investigations functions at which level of investigation
All three levels of investigations
Objectives are based on
The goals but more specific and may be more short –
Objectives can be used to gauge
The progress, success or achievement of a unit
Specific, measurable goals are also known as
Metrics in modern organizations
How investigation metrics can be used
Metrics can be used to evaluate the performance of individuals, teams and organizations.
Any investigative strategies developed must be compatible with the
Organization’s overall strategic business plan.
When developing the tactical objectives for an investigative project, the IU Chief should consult
The organization’s tactical business plan to ensure compatibility
A significant issue that transcends the three levels of investigation management is that of ……………..(
Ethics
What can seriously damage the effectiveness of an IU?
A lack of solid ethical standards can seriously damage the effectiveness of an IU or individual investigators
In order to be effective in gathering, corroborating, and integrating facts, investigators and IU rely on their………
Credibility and respectability
A reputation for unethical behaviour has a significant adverse impact on that……………
Trust relationship
For small organizations with infrequent investigative needs, the use of an outside agency or contract service (outsourcing) is
A logical choice
The primary goal of a compliance investigation is to…..
Provide guidance regarding possible or potential violations of regulatory requirements.
In almost all situations, what is a major factor in the decision to outsource or maintain an internal investigative capability?
Cost
What is included in investigative cost elements
It include personnel expenses, contracts and retainers, equipment, consumables, and office expenses.
What can be used to determine whether to outsource the investigative unit
The cost-benefit analysis is a useful tool to
To predict investigative budget, what is the best approach
The best approach is to base budget estimates on historical data, quantitative estimates of risk avoidance, support of organizational goals and factor in projected changes
What are the advantages of internal investigation sources
The advantages of internal investigative sources are:
1- company exercise complete control of the investigative process and people,
2- ability to maintain closer liaison with local agencies and internal contacts,
3- better ability to protect sensitive information and keep it inside the organization
What are the advantages of outsourcing
The advantages of outsourcing are:
1- ability to expand or reduce workforce according to actual need,
2- responsibility for equipment, supplies and training can be transferred to the contractor,
3- specialists and experts can be called in as needed,
4- can be more cost-effective,
5- minimize overhead costs,
6-investigators may have a broader base of expertise and experience, 7- gives independent, outside objective appearance to investigation.
What are the disadvantages of outsourcing
The disadvantages of outsourcing are :
1-quality control is largely in the hands of the contractor,
2- investigators may not be as familiar with the client’s company, mission, organization, and culture
What are the disadvantages of internal investigative resources
The disadvantages of internal investigative resources are:
1- high cost of maintaining an internal investigative capability,
2- need to maintain equipment that may not be used for a lengthy period,
3- need to maintain an investigative staff, including training, licensing, and personnel management,
4- especially if there is litigation, the investigation may be tainted as it has been conducted under company direction;
Optimally, the structure of an investigative function is
The result of a need assessment and a cost-benefit analysis
Investigative needs generally arise on…..
Short notice and on surge basis
How the investigative mission fits into an organizations
The reporting chain, physical location of the investigative capability
The chain between source of investigation and investigation decision maker should be long or short
The shortest reporting chain between the sources of information and the final decision maker is the best
If litigation is expected or some culpability of the company is suspected, the investigator should deliver the report directly to and only to the….
Legal counsel of record for the company
The reporting chain for investigative information or results is critical and can affect……….
Both outcome of specific cases and the effectiveness of the unit itself
Does the reporting chain requires to follow the day to day organization chart
The reporting chain does not necessarily need to follow the day-to-day organization chart or supervisory chain
What are the key considerations in selecting the physical location andlayout of IU
The key considerations in selecting the physical location and layout of the IU:
1-access to key information and people,
2- privacy,
3- the need to call people in or access them for interviews,
4- the need to move quickly around the facilty,
5- the possible need to store large amounts of information or evidence,
6- secure storage space for equipment and supplies, and 7- communications needs
Define the space of an IU
Ideally, the IU would have a soundproof room with ample space for the investigation team to work together and post exhibits. The room should have internet access, telephones, and whiteboards, and it should be secured when not in use. Some teams refer such a location as a war room
A corporate investigative function, outsourcing can mean……..(
Complete outsourcing of the investigative function to an outside under contract, contracting out for selected or specialized investigative support services as needed;
The decision to outsource and the outsourcing approach are usually based on…
A cost-benefit analysis and projected overall investigative needs
The specialized services that are commonly called on to support corporate investigation are………….
1- Computer forensics,
2- forensic auditing,
3- handwriting analysis,
4-questioneddocument examination,
5- statement analysis, 6-forensic psychology,
7- forensic polygraph,
8- technical surveillance or counter surveillance to provide a deterrent to criminal activity.
. It is recommend that vendors be preapproved through a………(
Vetting process;
What are the responsibilities of IU Chief after being selected the vendor
Once vendor is selected, the IU chief should ensure that key provisions or clauses of the contract pass through to any consultants or subcontractors the vendor may use
Ultimately, the responsibility for ensuring the proper training, and licensing of contract investigators lies with the………..
Hiring organizations (company issuing the contract).
The structure and operation of an organization’s investigative function can have a great impact on………..
The financial and operational health of the organization
The IU is given credibility and authority through a functional charter issued by………
The CEO or an equivalent officer
What is outlined by the policy statement
The policy statement outlines procedures for initiating and conducting investigations and it addresses reporting channels, coordination mechanisms, and disposition.
To estimate the appropriate size of the unit, what is necessary to consider
It is necessary to consider the projected case load, nature of cases, geographic area covered, and administrative or other support needs
What is considered to determine the unit size
The expected type of cases is a key determinant in unit size
Selecting professional personnel is an important aspect of setting up a …
Proprietary IU.
Which skill is considered as the most critical for an investigator?
Communication skills are one of the most critical skills needed by an investigator.
The core of any investigation is….(
The ability to elicit information from all sorts of people, both cooperative and uncooperative, with many different perspectives and at different levels is absolutely essential.
What are the skills that make a man good investigator
People with excellent observation, interpretation and correlation skills often make good investigators
The best investigators are people who have ………(
Good math skills
In many respect, an investigation is………
An analytical process
What are the consideration that should be given to prepare temporary or long term evidence storage
The consideration should be given to preparing for either temporary or long-term evidence storage which are: keys or locks combinations to the evidence storage are should be given to only a few individuals,
Budgets and financial management are always important issues, particularly when………
Establishing a new function or unit
The lifeblood of the investigative mission is…….
Information
An employee hot line is…….
A cost effective way to obtain information with regard to employee malfeasance;
What are the four key areas of managing an investigation
1- investigative function,
2- investigative resource,
3- unit management,
4- case management
What is meant by lapping
Lapping means crediting one account with money from another account
What is meant by embezzlement or defalcation
Embezzlement or defalcation mean appropriation of property by a person to whom it has been entrusted
What is meant by skimming
Skimming means keeping some of the cash
One particularly important but often neglected type of investigation is ……
The due diligence investigation
What are the principle resources of an investigation unit
The principal resources of an IU are people, information, credibility, physical assets, and financial assets
Why investigative funding needs are often difficult to project
Investigative funding needs are often difficult to project because they can be drastically affected by one or a few major cases as well as new regulatory requirement sort legislation.
Justifying investigative budget requests is a…..
Daunting task
What can significantly improve the response to funding requests
Carefully tracking and managing operational and overhead costs can significantly improve the response to funding requests
What represents the largest budget items for an IU
Costs for personnel and outside services generally represent the largest budget items for an IU
Define the investigative life cycle
The investigative life cycle are:
1-initiation,
2- investigation,
3- reporting,
4-results/follow-up
Most credible information on losses, sexual harassment, and other problems comes from
Employee tips
What are the management responsibilities in investigation phase
Management responsibilities in the investigation phase include implementation of a case management systems and appropriate administrative control
Case assignment in larger units(with several investigators) may be based on….
caseload, experience, specialization, geography, or a combination of these factors
What is the ultimate consequence of poor case assignments
Poor case assignment can quickly lead to investigator disenchantment and degrade the IU’s effectiveness and its ability to resolve cases successfully
Whose function is to manage an investigation assignment ledger?
Managing an investigative assignment ledger falls under the function of the controller or manager
What are the factors that affect an investigation production
Investigative production is affected by the temperament, competence, and working pace of the investigator, by the complexity of the case, and by the availability of informants and other sources of information
Documentation and record keeping are tedious but important aspect of……
Investigative management responsibility
What are the key issues in managing the IU
Three key issues in managing the IU are:
1- setting objectives,
2- motivating the investigative staff,
3- training.
What are the some investigation responsibilities that often neglected but important for effective operation of the unit
Setting objectives and monitoring progress toward them is a responsibility that is often neglected but is important for effective operation of the unit as well as demonstrating value to the organization
Investigative objectives must be
Specific and measurable
When a case file should be established
At the outset of each investigation and upon the approval of the IU manager, a case file should be established
In investigation, best idea often result from …
Collaboration
What are the tasks that needed to be undertaken by the lead investigator
1- track liaison contacts and information provided,
2- maintain surveillance logs,
3- maintain evidence logs,
4- file original written statements and documentary evidence,
5- where applicable, track investigative costs by case,
6-maintain the suspense log,
7- report to regulatory agencies when required;
Typically, investigative results are conveyed in……..
A formal report of investigation
In investigation, legal matters must be considered for two reasons, what are the reasons
Legal matters must be considered for two reasons:
1- to protect the company against liability and,
2- to ensure that an appropriate conclusion can be reached if the case goes to court or another legal forum
What is invaluable in operation of an effective IU?
Professional working relationships are invaluable in the operation of an effective IU.
For organization that requires frequent, large, or more complex investigations, what is advisable?
A criminal intelligence analysis function may be advisable
An important aspect of investigative management, which often receives less attention than is warranted, particularly in the private sector, is that of …..
Protecting case-specific investigative information
What is the consequence of improper handling of investigative information
Improper handling of investigative information can energize the rumor mill, harming the investigation, stock prices, market share, and corporate reputation
What is OPSECC
Operational security is the totality of all security and planning measures employed to ensure a successful outcome for a particular operation or activity as well as the safety of the investigators involved
What are the five cyclical steps included in OPSEC
The OPSEC process includes five cyclical steps :
1- identify assets (critical information),
2- define the threat(collectors, capabilities, motivations),
3- assess vulnerabilities,
4- analyze the risk(impact, priority, existing counter measures, etc;), 5-develop and implement countermeasures
An important rule of thumb is never to underestimate the lengths to which………
Adversaries will go to get what they want
During investigation process vulnerabilities can be ……….
Be direct or indirect
What are the factors an investigative risk analysis based on
Investigative risk analysis based on :
1- the nature of the critical information,
2-the credible threats,
3- the identified vulnerabilities,
4- the consequences of an information compromise-assigns levels or priorities to the information risks;
A countermeasure against information risk is……
Anything that effectively negates or reduces an adversary’s ability to exploit information or vulnerabilities
Do you think culture is an issue in investigation
Cultural issues can become a factor in an investigation in almost any type of company, industry, or organization
What is the difference in multinational and international investigation
The differences in multi-national and international investigations
Multinational investigations :These investigations can involve crimes such as terrorism, drug trafficking, money laundering, child pornography, intellectual property offenses, and corruption. Multinational investigations must consider the company’s strengths and vulnerabilities, as well as the different laws, regulations, and enforcement powers in the jurisdictions involved
International investigations : These investigations can cross multiple jurisdictions, countries, states, or borders. They can be for business, personal, litigation, or financial reasons. International investigations can take two to four weeks to complete, depending on the country being investigated
What are effect of working relationship with foreign counterpart or supporting agencies
In most cases, a close working relationship with foreign counterpart or supporting agencies can have immense benefits and greatly expedite successful resolution
If you are paying for information who should be consulted first
Legal counsel should be consulted before payments are offered for information
What is the most significant problem in international investigation
Cultural differences are the most challenging problem in international investigations
What is the best way to help to ensure the an appropriate case conclusion
The best way to help ensure an appropriate case conclusion is to focus on the basic qualities of an investigation: objectivity, thoroughness, relevance, accuracy, and timeliness;
In every case effective and reliable investigations are…
Timely and accurate
What are the types of investigation
The types of investigation are :
1- incident investigation,
2- misconduct investigation,
3- compliance investigation
The initiation event in a private sector incident investigation is
Generally a security force incident report
Which investigation is one of the most common type of investigation
Incident investigation is the most common type of investigation in many business and organizational settings
Who usually performs the incident investigation inquiry
The inquiry of incident investigation is often performed by a security supervisor or the security director rather than a full-time professional investigator
What is the most common form of workplace embezzlement
During an embezzlement investigation, cash disturbances are the most common form of workplace embezzlement
Who should approve the investigation protocol
Investigative protocol should be approved by executive management in order to lend credibility and authority to the process
The inquiry report of incident investigation is often a ……
Standardized from
An important subcategory of constructive incident investigations is
The misconduct investigation
Write an important characteristic of workplace investigation
An important characteristic of workplace misconduct investigations is that they leave the employer particularly open to legal action by employees or former employees who feel they have been treated unfairly
What is the best way to prepare for misconduct investigation
The best way to prepare for misconduct investigations is to coordinate the matter as soon as possible with the human resources director and corporate legal counsel (or equivalent officials).
Does an experienced corporate investigator use techniques to induce an innocent person to confess guilt
Experienced corporate investigators do not use techniques that may induce an innocent person to confess to guilt
What are the suggested practices in misconduct investigation
The suggested practices in misconduct investigation include :
1- determine the proposed outcome or disciplinary action at the outset of the investigation,
2-use information sources both internal and external to the organization to help prove or disprove allegations,
3- gather relevant information from previous employers of the individual in question, 4- consider collecting electronic evidence
What can significantly impair the reputation of fairness in a corporate setting and thus damage the credibility of and confidence in the IU and individual investigator
The use of coercive interview techniques can significantly impair the reputation of fairness in a corporate setting and thus damage the credibility of and confidence in the IU and individual investigator
What is the main goal of an overt surveillance
The main goal of an overt surveillance is to prevent crime or misconduct
What are the focusing points of misconduct investigation
Misconduct investigations often focus on conflict of interest, corporate resource abuse, employee theft, workplace violence, and substance abuse
If you are owner of a company, what are the decision you should take before misconduct investigation is initiated
Once a misconduct investigation has been initiated, the company must make several decisions. These decisions include:
1- whether any offense or infraction actually occurred,
2- whether reporting to law enforcement is required or appropriate, 3- how the employee will be notified of the findings and action to be taken
What are the principal characteristics of internal theft
Principal characteristics of internal theft include diversion, conversion, disguise and divergence
What is the significant source of loss worldwide
Motivated by economic conditions, internal theft remains a significant source of loss worldwide.
Workplace violence investigation is generally considered one component of…….
An overall prevention/response/recovery program for workplace violence
The best prevention of exposure to workplace violence is ……
Pre-employment background investigation program
What are the results of substance abuse
On-the –job substance abuse costs include absenteeism, reduced productivity, accidents, theft, and increased healthcare costs
Security and investigative professionals should remain alert to the …….
Possibility of false allegations regarding substance abuse and be prepared to take appropriate action in response
What is the purpose of corporate compliance program
The purpose of corporate compliance program is to protect the organization against violations of law, lapses in business ethics, and concomitant legal sanctions
A corporate compliance program encourages ……..
Enforcement, monitoring, and employee training
What is the key element of compliance program
Key element of compliance program is an effective reporting mechanism
What can significantly reduce losses in most corporate and organizational environment
An effective hot line can significantly reduce losses in most corporate and organizational environments
The efficacy of the hot line can be enhanced through …
An on-going awareness program
Records and database checks represent a………….
Key element of almost any investigation
What are the key component of an investigation
The collection, handling, processing, and use of evidence are a key component of investigation
What is meant by surveillance
Surveillance means observing the behaviour of another, usually secretly
The primary purpose of surveillance is to …
Obtain information about the identities or activities of those under investigation
What are the categories of surveillance
Surveillance can be broken down into three broad categories which are
Direct : Direct is covert
Preconstructive : Preconstructive is more public
Reconstructive : Reconstructive is reviewing information and evidence gathered from the other two techniques.
What is ABC method
ABC method is conducted for foot surveillance and checkpoints in mobile surveillance
Write about computer forensic
Computer forensic science is the science of acquiring, preserving, retrieving, and presenting data that has been processed electronically and stored on computer media
Define force multiplier in investigation
For investigative purpose, a force multiplier is any activity, capability, or resource that enhances the effectiveness or efficiency of the investigative function
What are the three important force multiplier in investigation
Three important force multipliers in investigations are
Human,
Environmental, and
Organizational.
What are the major cautions needed to be consider during online research
Three major cautions must be respected by the investigators while doing online research. These are:
1-invetigators and staff members may go off on a tangent, spending a great deal of time inefficiently by searching online for the sake of searching online,
2- there is a natural tendency to assume that information extracted from database or online sources is credible,
3- while most investigators enjoy searching the internet that may not be the best use of their time.
Define liaison in investigation
Liaison in investigations comes in many forms: internal and external, formal and informal, and individual and organizational
Professional relationships are established through
Introductions, references, contacts(both formal and social), and mutual assistance.
An excellent opportunity for establishing liaison contacts is through…
Professional and civic associations
In the global business environment, liaison relationships are …
Critical to effective investigations
What is required after a liaison is established
Once established
A key asset of any investigator or IU is…
A good reputation
One high structured form of liaison isthe
Task force
When parochialism can occur
Parochialism can occur when joint task force members arrive with varying agendas, either individual or organizational
What is the result of parochialism
Parochialism inevitably causes conflict, whether explicit or subtle, and canseriously detract from the effectiveness of the unit.
Is there any effect in reporting chain when JTF is established
Reporting chains can be confusing in the joint task force environment
What is the result of reporting chain confusion
Reporting chains confusion can lead to the dissemination of fragmented and apparently contradictory information regarding task force progress, successes, needs, and relationships
Can intelligence information play role of force multiplier
Intelligence information is a key force multiplier for IUs in almost in any settings.
Define the term “Operative”
The sub‐rosa aspects of the investigation centre on the true identity of the investigator, called the operative
What does the term “cold hire”
A cold hire means the investigator applies for a position and is processed just like any other applicant. This type of entry is preferred but is the least practical
What is the first task of an investigator after beginning of an undercover investigation?
relationship building
What is the most critical component of the entire undercover investigation
Interviews are the most critical component of the entire undercover investigation
What is the chief distinction between undercover and other types of investigations
The chief distinction between undercover and other type of investigations is that the undercover investigator neither conceals his or her presence nor attempts to operate unnoticed.
What is buy bust
The buy‐bust is nothing more than arresting the perpetrator at the moment he or she is either buying or selling the property and question
What is mean by conversion in terms of UI
Conversion means receiving money or property of another and fraudulently withholding or applying it to one’s own use
What is the most important activity for an undercover operative?
The most important activity for an undercover operative is learning the job and becoming familiar with surroundings.
Who oversees the actual investigative casework
The project management team oversees the actual investigative casework
Who should be included in an undercover investigative team
Undercover investigative team should include:
1‐ a corporate decision maker,
2‐represenative from human resources,
3‐ a corporate security professional,
4‐ an attorney familiar with state and local employment law
What plays an important role in almost every successful theft investigation
Strategy and tactics play important roles in almost every successful theft investigation.
What is the requirement of undercover investigation (in short)
Undercover investigation requires a highly structured process and flawlessly executed plan
Who shouldn’t be used to play an undercover role
An employer should not use existing union employees in an undercover role
What is the most fundamental form of communication used in undercover assignments?
Written reports are the most fundamental form of communication used in undercover
What is critical to success of an undercover investigation
Knowing when and how to employ undercover investigation
What quality is essential for an undercover investigation
A qualified investigator from a reputable agency should be selected to conduct the fact-finding and drive the process of undercover investigation
How to avoid many problems during an undercover investigation
With proper planning and the necessary resource allocation many problems encounter during undercover investigation can be avoided
What is the potential problem in an undercover investigation
The main potential problem in an undercover investigation is the possibility that the investigation will be exposed or communicated
What is the result of if employee made aware about undercover investigation before its completion?
If employees are made aware of an undercover investigation before its completion through some form of communication by management, morale and productivity may be adversely affected;
Who should be informed about undercover investigation in an organization
Only those with absolute need to know should be involved in or told of the undercover investigation
For what undercover investigation is preferred
Undercover investigation is the preferred method of investigating substance abuse and criminal activity in the workplace
Which investigation is least understood and most underused
Undercover is the least understood and most underused form of investigation
What is the chief distinction between undercover and other type of investigations
The chief distinction between undercover and other type of investigations is that the undercover investigator neither conceals his or her presence nor attempts to operate unnoticed.
Undercover investigation should only be conducted when………
No other options are available
What is the requirement of an undercover investigation
Undercover investigation requires a highly structured process and flawlessly executed plan.
During undercover investigation, what is the result of professional pursuit of information?
The professional pursuit of information can lead to entrapment and may collide with personal need for safety, immunity, and privacy
Conversion means………
Receiving money or property of another and fraudulently withholding or applying it to one’s own use
Is it permissible to use an existing a union employee for undercover role?
An employer should not use existing union employees in an undercover role.
What are the five distinct phases of undercover investigation?
Successful workplace undercover investigations unfold in five distinct phases:
1- planning and preparation,
2- information gathering,
3- verification and analysis,
4- disciplinary and corrective action,
5- prevention and education.
What is the key to an undercover investigation
Planning is the key to an effective undercover investigation
The risk embezzlement may be greater in an organization where……
The culture’s predominant value is economic
The objectives of an undercover investigation could include………
1-To identify the nature, scope, and perpetrators of a plan
2- to gather information so management can enforce its policies and take corrective action
3- to collect information in a way that is the least disruptive to the organization and its operations
4- to ensure the process provides the best return on investment
For the most part, today’s professional corporate undercover investigators are…….
Well educated, properly trained, and highly trained
Undercover investigators come in ………
All shapes, sizes, and colors
What are the personal factors to consider whether the undercover investigator fits to conduct the investigation
To ensure that the investigators fits in with the target audience, a number of personal factors should be considered, including sex, age, job experience, education, and ethnicity. In addition, the investigator should easily fit into the socioeconomic background and lifestyle of the workers he or she will be joining.
What are crucial for the successful outcome of an undercover investigation
Proper placement of the operative in undercover investigation is crucial to the investigation because the job selected must be one from which the mission’s objectives can be achieved.
The most important activity for an undercover operative is ………..
Learning the job and becoming familiar with surroundings
What are some best internal positions for the undercover operative
Departments:
1-material handling
2- shipping and receiving
3- mailroom
4-customer service
5- uniformed security.
The investigator can be placed into a cover position in two ways. These are……..
1- a cold hire
2- a controlled hire.
What is meant by cold hire in undercover investigation
A cold hire means the investigator applies for a position and is processed just like any other applicant. This type of entry is preferred but is the least practical
What is meant by controlled hire in undercover investigation?
A controlled hire means the employment process is manipulated covertly so that the operative is hired in the desired capacity and placed in the targeted location
When can information gathering phase begin
Once the client, the investigative agency, and the operative have agreed to the specifics of the undercover assignment, the information-gathering phase can begin
Who are included in the project management team of an undercover investigation
The project management team include:
1- the undercover investigator,
2- the project manager,
3- the client representative
Who can break the undercover investigation
The undercover investigator can make or break the investigation
Once undercover investigation begins, the investigator will first engage in …….
Relationship building
In which type of cases law enforcement can play a critical role (Undercover Investigation)?
Law enforcement agencies play a critical role in most workplace undercover investigations, in cases involving illegal drugs
What is the most fundamental form of communication during an undercover investigation?
Written reports are the most fundamental form of communication used in undercover assignments
One of the most popular formats for investigates reports today is ….
The structured narrative
How narrative reports are written
During undercover investigation, the narrative report is written in the third person, using descriptive text or “the operative” instead of in the first person using the pronoun “I”.
The undercover investigative summary is written in the ……….
Third person
The frequency of undercover investigative summaries depends upon the needs and desire of ………….
The user
Does there any requirement of conventional or wireless communication in undercover investigation in these days?
Telephone communications, whether conventional or wireless, are a necessary component of today’s modern undercover investigations
The person designated to maintain and archive the closed case file of undercover investigation is called the…………
Custodian of record
What is the most critical component of the entire undercover investigation
Interviews are the most critical component of the entire undercover investigation
Interviews that follow an undercover investigation often begin with……….
Interviews that follow an undercover investigation often begin with those involved and work toward those less involved. This is done for a number of reasons, the most obvious being the perpetrators has already been identified by the operative and interviews of others before the interrogation of the suspect may tip him/her off.
Once the discipline and corrective actions have been taken after undercover investigations, all files, records, tapes, and evidence should be provided to ……………
The case file custodian of record for storage and safekeeping
No discussion regarding employee misconduct is complete without…………
Mentioning prevention
Generally, workplace crime is a function of three fundamental elements, these are………
1- the quality of people the organization hires
2- the environment in which those people are placed
3- the quality of supervisor managing that environment and those people
Frequently, supervisor and manager are not equipped with the skills or tools necessary to prevent problems from recurring. What can help in this case
In this instance, education and training is the answer
What is the most frequently debated subject in undercover investigation
The timing of the removal of the operative from undercover operations is one of the most frequently debated subjects among undercover supervisors
The best time to remove the operative from undercover operations is ………..
Once he or she has been named as an offender
To remove undercover operative sooner from undercover operation sooner……….
Would only raise suspicions. If removed before the interviews begin, it will be clear to everyone that the person in question was an informant
Following a highly visible workplace investigation, communication should be open with…………
All levels of the organization
While undercover investigations can reveal a host of loss prevention issues, two types have become common in recent years, what are these two types?
1- drug investigations
2- theft investigation
Define entrapment?
Entrapment is best defined as including a person to commit a crime
During the undercover operations, to overcome from any potential allegation of entrapment, what the operative should do?
The operative should qualify each person from whom he intends to purchase drug.
During undercover operations, the operative can qualify themselves from any potential allegation of entrapment through……
A simple report covering two points:
1- the operative should establish that behaviour or activity in question was pre-existing, or that the dealer has sold drugs previously
2- the operative should establish why the dealer wants to sell to him or her.
During the undercover operations, what are the guidelines for workplace drug purchases
The guidelines for workplace drug purchases to the operatives are:
1- qualify the dealer
2- coordinate with law enforcement
3- Buy down not up
4-makepurchase on company time
5-avoid actual drug use.
To avoid any allegation of entrapment, what the operative should do
The operative should never invite another employee to commit criminal activity
All workplace drug buys should be done under the control and supervision of …..
Law enforcement
In the workplace drug investigations, the operative should purchase the small quantity the dealer willing to sell. The employer must only demonstrate that …….
The dealer committed a policy violation
During workplace drug investigations, best or larger buys of drugs should be made……..
Near the conclusion of the undercover operation
The focus of the workplace investigation should be workplace issues and misconduct, not the ……..
Enforcement of public law
How to preserve the operative’s credibility while working during an substance abuse undercover investigation?
To help preserve the operative’s credibility in the eyes of the client, routine drug testing should be done
How you can prove an investigator is not a substance abuser
The result of periodic hair and urine testing can demonstrate that the investigator is not a substance abuser and has not used an illegal drug
Does employee prosecution provides any return to the company
Surprisingly, employee prosecution rarely provides any return on the company’s investment. Disciplinary action is a preferred recours
Can undercover investigation be used to determine theft in workplace
Undercover investigations are often used to determine if theft is occurring at the workplace
Which investigation is mirror to any other undercover investigation
Theft investigations mirror any other undercover investigation
What can play a significant role in any theft investigation
Strategy and tactics play important roles in almost every successful theft investigation
In one of the most basic tactics used to investigate employee theft is
The operative appears to already be involved in some form of criminal activity
A well-known undercover axiom says that where one finds substance abuse one will also find…………..
Theft
The prudent undercover investigator looking to solve a theft problem should first look for a…………
Substance abuse problem
What is buy bust
The buy-bust is nothing more than arresting the perpetrator at the moment he or she is either buying or selling the property n question
What is meant by sting operations
Sting operations usually involve elaborate setups and buy-busts. They might include the actual setup and operations of a business as a front or place where stolen goods are sold or traded.
How invisible evidence markers are used
Invisible evidence markers are interesting products allow the user to surreptitiously mark property so that if it is stolen and then recovered its rightful owner can be identified
The most common and most economical form of corroborating evidence is……..
Videotape
What makes a drug investigation stronger
As in drug investigations, multiple buys from the thief makes the theft investigations make a stronger case
In theft investigation, the operative should purchase a…………
Minimal amount
In theft investigations, how multiple purchase helps
Multiple purchases help:
1- eliminate the claim that the activity was spontaneous or an anomaly
2-help to prove that perpetrator is a true offender and not just someone who made a one-time mistake
What could be result of failing to exercise due diligence
Liability
Where is the origin of Due diligence
In the security industries
What is not a type of due diligence investigation?
Overt
Among the below which statement is incorrect about due diligence
Due diligence is a critical requirement for save time particularly transaction with OI parties
What is critical to creating unbiased due diligence investigation
Verification of information from primary sources
What is not included in the primary sources of information for due diligence investigation
News and media sources
What is critical for a successful due diligence investigation
Communication between client and investigation firm
Which type of due diligence considers an acquisition in the context of its industry
Strategic due diligence
The due diligence report should be
Coherent
Easy To Read and
Comprehensive
The demand for international due diligence is heightened by ……….
a. Global economy
b. Terrorism
Common business usage defines due diligence as the investigative process for evaluating
A target company or a company’s assets for the purpose of acquisition
One of the most important reasons for conducting due diligence investigations is
To protect assets
Verification information from primary sources is critical to creating unbiased due diligence. While a target may attempt to provide accurate data it is often skewed – sometimes inadvertently so. Information may be omitted – if a target wants a deal to reach a conclusion it will attempt to provide the most favourable information possible
One common error in due diligence investigations is relying on information
Comprehensive cohesive due diligence investigations are not only effective but also critical in weighing the advantages and disadvantages of mergers, recruitment, acquisitions investments and other deals
Comprehensive cohesive due diligence investigations
The first step in any due diligence investigation is to examine the issue at hand – the deal, the individual and the investment and understand what factors to focus on in order to find a solution
There is no single objective criterion for a due diligence investigation – the investigator must look at the question in hand and determine what is important for the particular problem
There are numerous investigative resources for conducting due diligence investigations
Primary and secondary sources
Communication between the client and the investigating firm is critical for a successful investigation. The client and the investigator should collaborate effectively to discuss the issues and determine what is the most important issue for the client
The client and the investigation firm should collaborate and discuss the issue what is important for the client.
Traditional financial, legal and environmental due diligence is crucial to the success of any acquisition
This alone is not sufficient to predict long‐term success of any transaction. Instead a multi‐disciplinary approach is recommended
Strategic due diligence considers an acquisition in the context of its industry and asks – does it make sense to make this acquisition
This is the first step in the due diligence process. Strategic due diligence will provide the organization with the information to drive change and improve profitability
Financial due diligence analyses both quantitatively and qualitatively how an organization has performed financially in order to get a sense of their earnings in normal circumstances
It is crucial to look at the anticipation performance of a business as by the sense of there earning in normal circumstance’s
What is due diligence investigation
Due diligence is” a measure or activity that is to be expected from a reasonable and person under the particular circumstances; not measured by an absolute standard, by dependent upon circumstance
What is the result if failure to exercise due diligence
A failure to exercise due diligence may sometimes result in liability
Common business usage defines due diligence as …..
The investigative process for evaluating a target company or a company’s assets for purpose of acquisition by a potential buyer/ acquirer
Due diligence loosely means………
Doing one’s homework on a particular subject
Due diligence is originated in …….
The securities industry
What are the types of due diligence investigation
The types of due diligence investigations are financial, operational, covert, cultural, intellectual property, mergers and acquisition, human resources, legal information technology, and environmental
When due diligence investigations are valuable
Due diligence investigations are valuable in any situation where one or more parties deciding future actions or non-actions based on existing conditions or on represent a made by another party
The standard of due diligence investigation depends on…
The type of investigation, the goals of the investigation, the individual conducting the research, and the available information
What is emphasized in due diligence investigation
Diligence emphasizes the positive aspect of due care, while negligence describes the failure to exercise due care
Failure to exercise due diligence-due care in investigation can result in….
Enormous costs to all parties involved, including the loss of money, and opportunities
One of the most important reasons for conducting due diligence investigation is………
To protect assets
Does due diligence investigation has effect while transaction with other parties
Due diligence is a critical requirement for the protection of enterprise assets, particular transactions with outside parties
Wider due diligence investigations may also examine……
A company’s strategy, information technology, operations, human capital, and culture
In due diligence investigation, the difficulty of obtaining the information depends on…….
The type of deal, and the type of information sought
One common error in due diligence investigations………
Is relying on information from the target
Verification of information from primary sources is critical to…….
Creating unbiased due diligence investigation
