Crisis Mgmt Flashcards
The goal of continuity planning should be
Save lives, protect assets, restore critical business process and systems, reduce the length of interruption of business , control media, maintain customer relation.
Types of crisis team
Operational teams, tactical crisis teams, strategic crisis team
The crisis team list should describe for each person on the team
Their role in the incident, the critical contact information, Alternate chains of command
Effective crisis planning included all areas within the organization
That can be activated if necessary
In large organization it is common for the senior leadership team to be separate from that can be activated if necessary
Crisis Management Team
Information that may be obtained from some of the entities an other organization can be of great value in
Developing and implement the emergency plan
Planner should take a wide range of agencies and individuals into account
When developing an emergency plan
What are the major function of emergency response
Coordinating across multiple groups and departments with differing responsiblities
With whom security professional should build relationships
With public safety and supply chain partners, conducting joint drill and other exercise
If the incident involve multiple agencies or jurisdictions
Then a single command structure is typically established
If an incident command system needs to be formally implemented due to size of the incident
It would be single incident command
Emergency response requires
Organization structure
In large organization with multiple location what is essential
To require overall emergency operations plan
What are the elements, the primary training of emergency response personnel should focus
The most likely situations and the location, construction, size and function of each site
Emergency or crisis can overwhelm to whom
Those who have done no planning or preparation
What is essential to ensure recovery from business interruption and to protect the profitability of the enterprise
Planning
Natural or Environmental, Human, Active or Cyber based threats are categories of
Crisis
The incident policies and procedures are tested through
Drills & Exercises
Methods of emergency Drills, Policies & Procedures are
Table top or Full scale exercises and drills
Inclement weather can pose a serious threat to
Property, Critical infrastructure & Lives
During floods elevators to be positioned at
Raise elevators to the second floor and turn off
What is to be done after a flood
Implement disaster recovery plan and monitor communication of local authorities.
What is to be done to protect windows and doors in hurricane
Install shutters and plywood in order to protect windows and doors from windborne debris
Facilities with freezing temperatures should turn off and drain the following lines in the event of a long term power loss
- Fire Sprinkler System.
- Standpipes.
- Portable water lines.
- Toilets.
Seismic building codes are studied to understand the Risk of
Earthquake
Precautions during earthquake
- Inside a building: Take shelter under a desk or table, stand against an inside wall, move away of windows.
- Outside of building : Move away/Clear of buildings, poles and trees.
- While driving: Move away of overpass &underpass
Which fire has become increasingly serious threat to business and infrastructure and require a different type of planning.
Wildfire
The most important thing a security department can do in case of a wild fire is.
Preparing an evacuation plan
Which department is often a key component of fire evacuations.
Security Department
Steps to be taken after medical emergency
Investigate the root cause and ensure any hazards & safety concerns are addressed.
When planning for a hazmat incident, one aspect that is often overlooked on the crisis planning team is
Public relations
During medical emergencies following information should be provided to emergency medical person/Emergency helpline number attendant
Nature of medical emergency, Location of emergency, caller name and phone number
The impact of pandemic to any community or organization is driven by
The number of people infected and the severity of the impact to people and how much it impacts their ability to function in the community.
WHOs global influenza preparedness plan distinguishes ____________ phases of a pandemic.
6
It is projected that ____________percentage of workforce may be absent for various timeframes during a pandemic.
40%
Post pandemic transition period: Business continuity
Assess all physical, economic and social impacts to the company. Provide continuous updates concerning business recovery and preparedness efforts
Post pandemic transition period: Communication
Address rumors and misinformation quickly
Post pandemic transition period: Facility
Check maintenance schedules to assure delayed items are handled first
Post pandemic transition period: Legal
Assess insurance coverage
Critical elements of an effective crisis management response plan include
Collaboration, communication, education, mutual aid assistance, training &exercises.
Which factor is the cause of 95% of cyber security breaches
Human Factor
The ultimate decision to evacuate is made by
Organizations Leadership
If the bomb threat is determined to be plausible/credible
Advise the police and if necessary, request assistance with any evacuation
ASIS defines workplace violence as
A spectrum of behaviors, including over acts of violence, threats and other conducts that generate a reasonable concern for safety from violence, where a nexus exists between the behaviour and the physical safety of employees from any internal or external relationship.
Targeted or intended violence is defined as
The conscious decision to kill or physically harm specific or symbolic victims in a workplace or on a campus
Targeted violence is characterized as
Planned, Emotionless and predatory
Research and case studies suggest that those who commit targeted violence begins with
Pathway to violence
The goal for responding to and preventing workplace violence is to
Break the pathway as early as possible through identification, mitigation and response to pre-incident indicators.
The crisis response to workplace violence revolves around
Identifying and responding to persons who might be on the pathway to violence.
Stages of the pathway to violence include
Ideation, planning, acquisition, probing/surveillance and action/implementation.
The workplace violence policy in workplace is approved and endorsed by
Upper management
During a workplace violence, for any violent action who should observe, document and report behaviour for further assessment?
Security
What is to be done if violent or threatening behaviours is observed that poses an immediate danger to person or property.?
Evacuate and initiate workplace violence protocols. Ensure your own safety and safety of others
Domestic violence
Domestic violence is a type of workplace violence that is often overlooked
Threat evaluation requires
Procedure, planning, training and rehearsals
To respond effectively to a bomb threat
The organization must recognize that it has been threatened. Capture information about the threat. Report it to relevant authority within the organization. Evaluate the threat
In bomb threats the primary goal of suspect is to
Incite panic and anxiety of employees or customers, disrupt operations and cause economic harm
After an active threat incident : Long term phase
Conduct post incident debrief with internal and external responders and stakeholders. Employee assistance programs. Accounting for the financial impacts. Consult legal counsel for possible litigation.
After an active threat incident : Short term phase
Preserve crime scene. Work with law enforcement in criminal investigation. Prepare statements for media coverage.
After an active threat incident: Immediate phase
Life safety, Accounting for all individuals onsite, communication with employees, family and the media. Continuity of business or crisis response. Evaluate the incident to ensure danger no longer exist
What is to be done during an active threat event as a last resort when life is in imminent danger?
Attempt to disrupt or incapacitate the attacker (Fight/Resist/Overcome/Take action).
What can have a significant impact in the prevention and response to active threat events?
Regular training and Drills
A comprehensive active threat plan should include the following sections
Prevent, protect, Mitigate, Respond, Recovery
In workplace Active threats are the results of
Targeted or predatory violence
Active threats were also called as
Active shooter events
What is essential to ensure recovery from business interruptions and to protect the profitability of the enterprise?
Planning
Even with emergency planning, why it is necessary to improvise and remain flexible when a disaster or other emergencies strikes?
Because the varieties of emergencies make planning for every possible contingency impossible
What are the elements, the primary training of emergency response personnel should focus?
The most likely situations and the location, construction, size, and function of each site.
While developing a plan for emergency management what elements should be included in the plan?
The development of a plan for emergency management include:
1‐ defining of “emergency”,
2‐ establishment of an organization to perform specific tasks before, during, and after an emergency,
3‐ establishing a method for using available resources and for obtaining additional resources at the time of an emergency,
4‐ a means from moving normal operations into and back out of the emergency mode of operations.
What an emergency plan should provide?
An emergency plan should provide the basis for orderly actions and for making decisions that minimize loss
What are the elements an emergency management consists of?
The four elements of emergency management are mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery.
How it is possible to prevent from causing substantial loss from an emergency?
By responding promptly to an emergency
After what types of action, each emergency plan should be evaluated and modified?
The emergency plan should be evaluated and modified as required after the following :
1‐ each training drill,
2‐ each emergency,
3‐ changes in personnel or their responsibilities,
4‐ changes in the facility’s physical design,
5‐changes in policies or procedures.
Depends on what an organization need to develop a plan for emergency?
Depends on the nature of the organization’s activities, the organization’s criticality, its attractiveness as a target, and the types of facilities it occupies, among other considerations
What is the effective tool that can be utilized in the development stage of the emergency plan for determining the probability of a threat or a disaster, and its impact on an organization
To conduct a risk analysis
Explain the term continuity of operations (COOP)?
Continuity of operations or COOP is a term normally applied specifically to the U.S federal government. COOP is different from BC in that COOP entails movement of critical functions and personnel to an alternate operating site or sites in accordance with a pre‐established COOP plan.
What are those key elements to achieve the objectives of emergency management?
What is to be done, and who is to do it
What kind of activities included in the recovery efforts of emergency management?
Recovery efforts include implementation of continuity of operation, or business resumption plans, activations of emergency relocation sites, and reconstitution or restoration at the original location or a new permanent location.
To achieve what business continuity encompasses all the actions taken by a business before, during, or after an emergency?
To minimize the emergency’s negative impact on the organization’s operations and to bring about a timely response, resumption of critical business functions, and recovery if an emergency does occur.
What basically all‐hazard approach recognizes?
All‐ hazard approach recognizes that many emergency planning requirements are similar regardless of whether an incident is a natural threat, a human threat, or an accident.
In choosing a planning format for an emergency, what are the significant considerations?
The dissemination of the plan, the maintenance of the plan.
While developing emergency operations plan what kind of approaches can be undertaken?
The emergency planning approaches are: 1‐ all‐hazard approach, 2‐ stand‐alone plans, 3‐ combination of all‐hazard and stand‐alone
How it is possible to make emergency plan effective?
Every emergency plan should be reviewed and updated regularly
Why it is essential that all emergency plans are reviewed at least once a year?
To ensure that all dynamic information, such as floor plans, contact numbers, key personnel, and key assets, are accurate
What is the inconvenience of choosing a series of stand‐alone emergency plans for an organization?
It will have to update every plan each time common points of contact or emergency number change
When an emergency operations plan(EOP) capable of addressing the preparedness and response aspects of business continuity?
When an emergency operations plan (EOP) developed with the all‐hazards approach.
Who can make risk analysis more manageable in an organization?
Managers directly involved in day‐to‐day operations
How an emergency plan can be made effective?
For an emergency plan to be effective,
1‐ which it pertains,
2‐ all personnel tasked it must reflect the requirements of the organization to with responsibilities must clearly understand their responsibilities and be trained to fulfill them,
3‐ the plan must be tested through practice,
4‐ the plan should be revised in light of such testing.
For what reasons emergency tests and exercise are conducted?
Emergency tests and exercises are conducted for many reasons:
1‐ checking the workability of a plan or a part thereof,
2‐ determining the level of staff awareness and training,
3‐ evaluating the adequacy of emergency communications,
4‐ identifying shortcomings in evacuation procedures.
What are the elements that scope of the emergency training in the organization depends?
Depends on the nature of the entity’s activities, it employees and its recurring visitors, contractors, and others who have frequent access to the facilities.
What procedure should be followed to validate an organization’s emergency plan?
An unannounced test should be conducted with appropriate controls and safeguards in place.
What kind of special planning needs to be addressed in the development process of emergency plan?
Special planning needs such as personnel with disabilities, including those of vision hearing, mental function, and mobility.
To control losses, a business needs emergency response systems. What should be the component of emergency response systems?
People, equipment and procedures
In setting priorities in emergency operations plan (EOP), certain time‐tested principles should be applied to the protection of life. What could be those principles?
Those principles include:
1‐ evacuation and shelter,
2‐ personal protection,
3‐rescue and relief
What could be guiding principles for preventing or minimizing injury during an emergency?
The guiding principles could be :
1‐ design safety
2‐ training
In developing emergency operations plan (EOP), why planning assumptions need to be considered?
To reduce the number of “what if”.
What could be done to avoid gap in emergency plan maintenance?
There should be a designated alternate, by name or position
After designating primary and alternates decision maker, what are important things to do?
It is important to brief, train, and tests them on their assigned duties and on most significant aspects of the planning process
What type of organization should not handle emergencies?
A totally new organization should not be developed to handle emergencies
What is one of the most important considerations in developing an emergency management structure?
To designate alternates for the primary decision maker and for anyone else who is charged, by name or position, with a particular responsibility under the plan.
What are the primary elements Incident Command System consists?
The Incident Command System consists of five primary elements:
1‐command,
2‐ operations,
3‐ planning,
4‐ logistics, and
5‐ finance and administration.
Based on what an organization ultimately determines its level of response during crisis or emergency?
The nature and scope of the emergency
In forming a mutual aid association, organization’s emergency planners usually take few steps. What are those steps?
In forming a mutual aid association, organization’s emergency planners usually take few steps which are :
1‐ obtain the advice, assistance, and guidance of the local government representative responsible for disaster planning,
2‐ invite local industries, utilities, and other businesses to send representatives to an organizational meeting,
3‐arrange to have the group addressed by someone experienced in the operation of a mutual aid association,
4‐ elect association officers and appoint a coordinator,
5‐appoint committees to develop plans and procedures for various aspects of mutual aid operations, such as membership and bylaws, traffic and security control, fire protection, communications, etc,
6‐ schedule periodic meetings.
To avoid confusion, what the emergency plan should provide?
The orderly release of information, preferably through a single source in the organization.
Where generally successions lists are recorded
Successions lists are recorded in the written emergency plans
What is one of the most important ingredients in affectively managing an emergency event
Communications.
What are the pre-requisites must be fulfilled by the primary and alternate EOC/CMC?
The primary and alternate EOC/CMC locations should be able to accommodate the CMT and should provide redundant communications capabilities. In addition, the locations should have backup power and an independent supply of potable water
In emergencies that develop during non‐working hours, telephone communications and electrical power may be severed, preventing contact with appropriate executives and making road travel to the facility impossible. Therefore, initial implementation of the plan and control of the facility may rest with under whom?
With the senior manager present at the site, who is some cases may be a security manager, security supervisor, or security officer
What types of element dictate the location and scope of emergency operations center (EOC)/crisis management center?
The size, nature, and location of the organization
When the unified command (UC) is established
If incident involve multiple agencies or multiple jurisdictions
What is the purpose of the mutual aid organization?
The purpose of the mutual aid organization is to establish a workable emergency management organization that minimizes damage and ensures the continued operation or early restoration of damaged facilities.
When the names of those who have been killed or injured in an emergency should be released?
As soon as possible but relatives of victims must be informed before such information can be released to the public
What can pose a serious challenge in an emergency?
Aiding the welfare and morale of employees and their families
During or post crisis situation, what may have an extremely negative effect on public perception of the organization?
Any missteps connected to media relations
While developing the medical services portion of an emergency plan, what planners should first ascertain?
The type and capabilities of any in‐house medical support
With regard to fire and rescue operations, why a distinction needs to be made between industrial and non‐industrial facilities
Because industrial facilities may have a volunteer in‐house fire and rescue operation; however, non‐industrial facilities, particularly office buildings, operate differently. Their occupants are typically instructed to identify the problem, notify the appropriate authorities, and evacuate the affected area
For which type of crisis situation, emergency plans should provide for shelter‐in‐place?
Where evacuation is infeasible or undesirable, such as a hazmat release, tornado, or earthquake
In evacuation planning, organizations must consider alternate exists, routes, and assembly points. Furthermore, use of these alternates must be practiced regularly. What is way to do it?
One way to do so is to block the primary exit for a different exit for a different floor or part of a building for each fire drill.
What the emergency evacuation considerations should be?
The emergency evacuation consideration can be as follows :
1‐ need to think well beyond simply sounding an alarm and asking the building occupants move to the nearest emergency exit,
2‐ consider alternate exists, routes and assembly points,
3‐ use of these alternates must be practiced regularly,
4‐the evacuation drill should continue until all occupants have reached the designated assembly points,
5‐ emergency plan need to also provides for shelter in place for situations where evacuation is infeasible on undesirable.
Why the alert and warning system should be tested periodically when employees are in the facility?
So they can experience and become familiar with the warning
While planning for alert and warning system, why outdoor as well as indoor warning systems must be considered?
Because individuals might be outdoors during an emergency
During an emergency looting by employees and outsiders is a hazard that must be considered because spectators are attracted to any disaster scene. To maintain security and protect the assets and personnel of the organization what measure need to be undertaken?
Additional security personnel may need to be deployed
Why a survey of neighboring installations should be conducted regularly
To ascertain the existence of any potential hazards that could aggravate the impact of a crisis for the organization
During emergency shutdown who may be the last to leave the facility or establishment when evacuation is ordered, or who may even have to stay in the facility?
Emergency shutdown crews
If restoration has been planned, recovery is less difficult and more efficient. What can simplify emergency operations?
If restoration has been planned, recovery is less difficult and more efficient. Developing a list of key recovery items simplifies emergency operations.
Business continuity a comprehensive managed effort to prioritize what?
Business continuity a comprehensive managed effort to prioritize key business processes, identify significant threats to normal operation, and plan mitigation strategies to ensure effective and efficient organizational response to the challenges that surface during and after a crisis
Why a business impact analysis is used?
A business impact analysis (BIA) is used to identify an critical functions, to assess the impact of a disaster or other emergency on those functions over time, to determine the other elements of the business on which those critical functions depend, and to help develop and prioritize recovery strategies.
What is organizational resilience?
Organizational resilience is “the adaptive capacity of an organization in a complex and changing environment and also it is the ability of an organization to resist being affected by an event or the ability to return to an acceptable level of performance in an acceptable period of time after being affected by an event.
What are the elements should be included in business continuity strategies depending on the nature and needs of the business?
Depending on the nature and needs of the business, business continuity strategies may include resumption and recovery in place, the contracting out of selected functions, or relocation of critical functions and personnel to one or more sites.
________ Facilities may have a volunteer in house fire and rescue operation (Chose one Industrial facilities/Non industrial facilities
Industrial facilities
Frequency of conducting communications training for crisis communications team and spokespeople
Annual
The most important part of the crisis communication plan is
The actual communication section
The crisis management team must be documents in
Crisis Management Plan
The term ________ often causes us to think immediately of evacuation as the primary response
Emergency
The emergency plan should provide for orderly release of information
A single source
Setting priorities for asset protection and risk response planning is the responsibility of
Business risk owners
During emergency it is best to avoid answering questions with
No comments
Critical and often misunderstood process in emergency planing
Planning process
Who helps to make risk analysis more manageable
Managers directly involved in day to day operations
Photographic coverage of incident scene is important for
Insurance and Legal Purpose
The handling of information concerning casualties is an important aspect of
Human resources and Public relations
Communications advisor/Lead
The senior most communications person in the organization and is ultimately responsible for crisis communication
Elements of crisis management program
Planning, Training, Exercising, Response and Recovery
Crisis communication plan
Crisis communication plan must be developed well in advance so that less time is spent determining what to say, How to say and by whom
Crisis Management
Crisis Management begins upon notification of any disruptive event
What is key to ensuring understanding and use ability of emergency plan
Training and Testing
Asset protection in emergency situation
It is important not to involve all security personnel in disaster or fire control activities so that sufficient number of them can continue to protect assets and personnel’s
Some organizations prepares a list of alternates for key members of emergency management team, This list is known as
Emergency succession list
The emergency plan with contact numbers should be distributed to
It should be limited to control centers and senior personnel with plan implementation responsibilities
The emergency plan should give priority to ________ after the emergency
Facility structure
If ______ has been planned, recovery is less difficult and more efficient
Restoration
Responsibility of emergency shut down should be assigned to
People familiar with the process
Sirens, Flash lights, Strobe lights, Hooters and Visual signs are examples of
Warning systems
What should be considered while planning an emergency warning system
Ambient noise and distance
One of the most important ingredient in effectively managing an emergency is
Communication
Emergency plan should provide for _______ situation where evacuation is not possible
Shelter in place
To control losses a business needs emergency response systems, These response systems are
People, Procedure and Equipment
What is Emergency Rendezvous point
Emergency Rendezvous point is the location that should be selected in advance to meet and brief responding services in an emergency
Planning
Planning/Plan development is the key part of preparing an emergency
Emergency planning format
Emergency planning format used by an organization depends upon the nature and policy of organization
All Hazard Approach
An All Hazard approach is the basis emergency operations Plan (EOP)
What is a high-rise structure?
A high-rise structure is considered to be one that extends higher than the maximum reach of available fire-fighting equipment. In absolute numbers, this has been set variously between 75feet (23 meters) and 100 feet (30 meters), or approximately 7–10 stories
What is special concerns of high-rise structures?
The possibility of loss resulting from a threat, security incident, or event
Why is the potential losses are higher in high rise structure
High-rise structure the risks and potential losses are higher due to the large size of occupied floor areas, potential difficulties in responding to and containing threats, and the inability to effect immediate evacuation of an entire building
The most critical threats in high-rise structures include
Fire, explosion, and contamination of life-support systems such as air and potable water supplies
The most significant factors affecting life safety in high-rise structures are
- Early detection and precise location of incipient hazards
- Reliable communications throughout the structure and with outside agencies
- Assurance of safe escape routes
4.Prompt application of appropriate control measures (such as fire extinguishment, containment or replacement of contaminated air, shutoff or filtration of drinking water, and containment and removal of explosives)
Why Fire is given special attention in high-rise structures
Buildings tend to contain large amounts of combustible material, and the potential that a serious fire could move upward (particularly if the structure is not protected with an automatic sprinkler system) is ever-present.
Building Vulnerability Aspect
Structural integrity and essential utilities and services such as lighting, communications, elevators and escalators can be threatened in the event of a fire or an explosion. Various threats to high-rise structures can spread upward, downward, or horizontally
The most criticalthreats12 in high-rise structures include
Ensuring the safety of individuals can involve threats that may include crimes, such as robberies or assaults, or may be related to building emergencies such as elevator entrapments, power outages, or natural disasters
How can risk of bomb threat can be introduced in building
The risk that an occupant, visitor, or a delivery person could introduce a quantity of explosive material into a building is possible
How can mitigate from bomb threat in a building
The use of screening equipment, such as explosive detectors, X-ray machines, and metal detectors, can mitigate such a threat
In assessing whether a particular facility is at risk to a bombing, the following questions should be considered
- Is the building a likely target (such as being a landmark that may attract attention)?
- Are any tenants in the building a particular target for domestic or international terrorists?
- Is the building an obvious easy or soft target due to poor security measures?
- Are any nearby buildings a likely target? (And, therefore, could collateral damage be caused by an explosion at a close-by building?)
Manual fire alarm stations are also known as
Manual fire alarm boxes, manual pull stations, or manual pull alarms
What is the safe means of evacuation in case of fire in HR building
In many emergencies, particularly those involving the threat of fire, elevators are not usually considered a safe means of evacuation and therefore emergency exit stairwells are often the only means of escape
What is smoke detector?
Smoke detectors are automatic fire detection devices designed to detect the presence of smoke.
Where smoke detector usually located in HR building?
Smoke detectors generally are located in open areas, spaces above suspended ceilings, spaces under raised floors (particularly in computer rooms and data centers), cafeteria areas, air duct systems, passenger and service/freight elevator lobbies, elevator shafts, elevator machine rooms, enclosed stairways, dumbwaiter19 shafts, chutes, and electrical and mechanical equipment rooms
What is heat detector?
Heat detectors are automatic fire detection devices designed to sense a certain temperature or rapid change in temperature
Which are best reliable and low cost detectors?
Heat detectors are automatic fire detection devices designed to sense a certain temperature or rapid change in temperature.
Which detector is best suited for fire detection in small confined spaces
Heat detector are best suited for fire detection in small confined spaces where rapidly building high-heat-output fires are expected, in areas where ambient conditions would not allow the use of other fire detection devices, or where very early warning of fire is not required.
What is essential to adequately address the life safety of a high-rise structure?
It is essential that a comprehensive emergency management plan be created
Why is emergency management plan is required?
An emergency management plan describes the actions to be taken by an organization to protect employees, the public, and other assets against threats from natural and man-made hazards
For a high-rise structure, the plan should address such issues as the following
Posted evacuation signage that clearly marks the means of escape from areas within the building description of the types of building emergency systems and equipment and how they operate the nature of the building emergency staff organization (including building management and the building fire safety director; engineering, security, janitorial, and parking staff; and floor response personnel such as floor wardens, or fire wardens, and other necessary persons, including those responsible for assisting disabled persons) that will handle emergency response until outside response agencies arrive contact details for persons and agencies needed in an emergency procedures for building emergency staff to handle each emergency expected for the building, including the methods of evacuation and relocation30 how building occupants, floor wardens and building emergency staff are trained in life safety, including the frequency and nature of evacuation drills—commonly known as fire drills
Open buildings
Access is typically unrestricted at the building entry level. Tenants, building employees, and visitors proceed directly to their destination floor, via building elevators, where the occupier of that space determines the level of entry control and security. Open buildings may provide a concierge or security desk at the street level to provide directions and deter access by “undesirables”(if they are easily identifiable as such) and to implement security procedures for messengers, delivery persons, and contractors.
Closed buildings
Access to elevator banks at the building entry levels is controlled by some form of credential checking, visitors are authenticated prior to proceeding to elevators, and sometimes a separate messenger center is provided
Hybrid buildings
Where a major tenant may occupy a large part of the building, one or more elevator banks may be designated as closed, while other elevator banks that provide access for multiple tenants are operated in an open mode
For access control purposes it is helpful to divide the high-rise structure into three classes or types of interior spaces
- Public access or common areas. These include street-level entrance lobbies, main elevator lobbies, access routes to retail spaces and restaurants in the structure, promenades, mezzanines, and, increasingly in new buildings, atria.
- Rented or assigned occupancies (i.e., tenant spaces).These areas are leased or owner-occupied spaces on various floors. Depending on the occupant, such spaces may be open to public access during business hours or may be restricted to identified and authorized persons.
- Maintenance spaces. These include mechanical rooms and floors, communications and utilities access points, elevator machine rooms, janitorial closets, and spaces with strict limited access
Following security planning points should be considered
- Identify particularly sensitive owner occupancies
- Isolate sensitive owner spaces.
- Impose access controls on the building sector containing the sensitive occupancies
- Ensure that controls cannot be bypassed
The following intrusion detection devices can be found in high-rise structures
Passive infrared (PIR) sensors Magnetic contacts Break-wire sensors Video motion detectors
Emergency exit stairwell doors usually should not have locking mechanisms on the exterior of the door
For emergency purpose
Duress Alarms
A device that enables a person placed under duress to call for help without arousing suspicion
Video cameras can be found in the following locations in high-rise structures
Critical entry or exit areas for pedestrians Pedestrian access points operated remotely Access points at which automated access control devices, such as electronic card readers are featured. Inside passenger and service/freight elevator cars. Sensitive interior spaces. Vehicle entrances and exits Covert surveillance areas
What is the primary role of security personal in high rise structure?
Their primary role is to implement the building’s life safety and security program.
The four elements of emergency management are which of the following?
Mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery
This aspect of emergency management encompasses actions taken before an event to plan, organize, equip, train, and exercise in order to deal with emergencies that cannot be avoided or entirely mitigated.” This is called:
Preparedness
Activities providing a critical foundation in the effort to reduce the loss of life and property from natural and/ or manmade disasters by avoiding or lessening the impact of a disaster and providing value to the public by creating safer communities. This is referred to as
Mitigation
Which of the following statements is correct concerning emergency management?
To mitigate the impact if the event occurs.
Non-deliberate adverse actions and events, such as hazardous material spills and telecommunications and computer outages, are considered which of the following?
Accidental threats
Formal audits of emergency plans should be conducted:
Annually
Which of the following is a correct statement concerning all-hazard emergency operation plans
Business continuity plans should not be included in in the organization’s security operations plan.
In incident command management, when an incident requires public safety response, who becomes the incident commander?
The senior member of the responding agency.
A collaborative approach to decision-making and a single incident command post, with the agencies involved in the incident participating in the process through direct representation or through the ICS liaison officer, as appropriate, is referred to as:
Unified command
According to the ASIS International Emergency Planning Handbook (2003, p. 46), “One of the most important ingredients in effectively managing an emergency event is ___________.”
Communications
What is “interoperability
The ability for different jurisdictions and responding agencies to communicate with each other wirelessly.
Implementation of the organization’s emergency plan and control of the facility should be the following person
The organization’s senior manager present on site
The ability of an organization to resist being affected by an event or the ability to return to an acceptable level of performance in an acceptable period of time after being affected by an event”, is called:
Organizational resilience
In a bomb threat assessment, the threat evaluation team (TET) is an important asset. Which of the following statements is correct?
A record keeper is an important part of the team.
When dealing with suspected chemical or biological agents that are released from a suspicious package, what should be your FIRST goal
Limit distribution of the material
Who is BEST suited to conduct a preliminary search for suspicious packages in the event of a bomb threat?
People who work in that area
The planning and activity associated with detecting, containing, and dealing with the immediate impact of an event is called/
Emergency planning
What are the three types of emergency operation plans
All hazards, standalone (different for each emergency), combination of all hazards/standalone
_____________ is the processes and procedures put in place to move from functioning during the crisis to functioning as normal operations after a business interruption.
Business continuity
At what three levels can crisis management teams operate?
Operational, tactical and strategical
Preventing a bomb from entering the site may be achieved through access control and screening of visitors and goods including mails, what measure will you recommend if strict access control into the site is not possible
Control access to critical assets
A company that allows its warehouse to be used by another is demonstrating what
Mutual Aid
The emergencies and contingencies for which plans may develop can be grouped into three categories, what are deliberate adverse actions and events, such as terrorist activity arson, civil disorder or hostage situation
Human factors
An effective tool a security manager can use in determining the probability of a threat or disaster on the organization and its impact is
Conduct a risk analysis in the development stage of the emergency plan
Emergency management has three primary objectives. They are to minimize the probability of a threat or emergency, to mitigate impact if the event occurs and what else
To recover from the emergency and resume normal operations
Where is COOP used
By the U.S federal government
For the purpose of evacuation, due to bomb threat, what should be the distance of the assembly area from the building
300 meters
Who takes the decision to shut the plant in an anticipated bomb attack
Team leader of the threat evaluation team
After the directive to shut the facility/plants, who shuts it
Employees familiar with the process/ or those trained for that responsibility
What should be the most considered in the planning stage of an emergency management
Identifying the key assets of the organization that needs protecting
A technique of keeping assets far from the site bounding to reduce the impact of a bomb explosion on the building is
Standoff- distance
Fastening bookshelves and cabinets to the wall to keep them from falling during an earthquake is what element of emergency
Mitigation
A business needs for an emergency response system in order to control losses are
People
Equipments
Procedures
In emergency plan review, what are considered dynamic information whose review must be accurate
Floor plans
Contact numbers
Key assets
What events would warrant an immediate update of the emergency plan
Changes in organizational structure
Changes in policies and procedures
After each emergency
Emergency planning approach that requires update of every plan each time a dynamic information changes is
Stand-alone plan
What is the major motive behind shutting down of facility’s equipment before an emergency incident
Speed up the recovery operation
The emergency plan should give priority to what after the emergency
Facility structure
In establishing emergency operation sites what is a necessity to consider in maintaining operation at the sites
Communication
Arrangement for storing vital backup records should be integrated in BC & COOP planning list documents that are considered vital records
Customer Data
Manufacturing Process Data
Engineering Data
Payroll and personnel data policy
Which plan should list the location of the alternate headquarters and operating location and define who should report to them
BC & COOP
To avoid organizational amnesia records considered essential for the resumption and continuation of operation should be stored where
Emergency Headquarters
Business continuity strategies includes what
Resumption and recovery in place
Contracting out of selected functions
Relocation of critical functions and personnel to one or more sites
The adaptive capacity of an organization in a complex and changing environment is called
Organizational resilience
In a Business impact analysis (BIA) of the business continuity planning, what is the BIA used for
It is used to identify an entity’s critical functions,
To assess the impact of a disaster or other emergency on those functions over time,
To determine the other elements of the business on which those critical functions depend, and
To help develop and prioritize recovery strategies
What is the overall objective of the Business continuity strategies
To resume critical function as quickly as possible
One of the most important ingredients in effectively managing an emergency event is
Communication
During an emergency the personnel managing the response to the event need to maintain full concentration on coordinating the response. What is therefore recommended
Access to the EOC/CMC should be controlled
What are elements of the Business continuity plan
Preparedness,
Planning,
Response,
Recovery
Actions taken by a Business before, during or after an emergency to minimize the emergency negative impact on the organization operations and to bring about timely response is called
Business Continuity
What is the purpose of an emergency plan
To highlight the types of problems decision makers and key emergency management personnel will encounter and require them to consider in advance how to react when an emergency develop
What is the time period when a formal audit of the emergency plan
At least annually
In the development of the business continuity (BC) and continuity operation (COOP) what is the most time critical factor of the plan
To resume critical function as quickly as possible
In the event of a large scale disaster, requires a public safety response, the incident commander should be
A senior member of the responding agency
What is desirable, if a large scale disaster incapacitates so many board members
The vacancies can be filled by the remaining members of the board
What entails movement of critical functions and personnel to an alternative operating site in accordance with a pre-establish plan
COOP plan
Applying intelligence and other information to lessen the effect or consequences of an incident is
Response
A measure taken by an organization to help protect herself from bomb incidents which include adequate boundary protection personal identification and verification system is which measure
Access control
How do you reactivate a business after a crisis
Implementation of continuity of operations and business activation plans
What measures are taken by an organization to help protect itself against a bomb incident by keeping assets far from the site boundary if it is impossible compensating with other security measures as guard patrols & CCTV
Standoff-distance
Incident command system is used by whom
Public safety agencies and jurisdiction in the U.S
List primary elements of the ICS (Incident Command System)
Command
Operations
Planning
Logistics
Finance and Administration
What is one of the most important consideration in developing an emergency management structure
To designate alternates for the primary decision maker or for anyone else who is changed with particular responsibility under the plan
What is essential to ensure recovery from business interruption and to protect the profitability of the enterprise
Planning for emergency
In the identification and evaluation of the organizational assets as part of the plan development whose direct involvement is required
Management
This is a command and control mechanism used to provide and expandable structure that can be used as needed to manage emergency agencies’ This is called
Incident command systems (ICS)
Who on an on-site emergency incident should warrant activation of the organization’s incident management system
Incident commander
In an event of a large scale disaster that involve multiple agencies responding from multiple jurisdiction, what is a recommend approach for decision making
Establishment of a UC
In an emergency where the response is by multiple agencies the incident commander should be
Senior representative of the lead agency
In setting priorities certain time tested principles should be applied to the protection of life. What are these principles
Evacuation and shelter
Personal protection
Rescue and relief
For the purpose insurance and to support legal claims what is an important requirement of the incident scene
Photographic coverage
What condition would warrant the deliberate blockade of the emergency exit on the facility
During a drill
A measure to help an organization protect itself from a bomb incident that involves additional level of control and restricted access to higher-value assets is
Defense-in-depth
Protection from bomb is achieved through
Distance and cover
The likelihood of detecting unattended items increases if staffs are trained, aware and what else
Willing to identify and report such items
What are parts of the organization emergency operation plan
Evacuation procedure plans
Restoration procedure plans
Shutdown plans
In an emergency restoration/evacuation plan who may be the last to leave the facility when evacuation is ordered and may even have to stay on in the facility
Shutdown crew
A significant issue in the public safety community is
The ability of different agencies and different jurisdictions to communicate with one another via wireless means during crisis
In the choosing a planning format for an organization emergency management, two significant consideration arises, what are they
Dissemination of the plan/Maintenance of the plan
For most organizations which of the following is the most likely type of bomb incident
Unattended items
For preventing or minimizing injury one of the guiding principles is design safety, which is the other
Training
What are the characteristic of old terrorism
Show discretion and moderation in both selections of targets and means of attack
Organizational structures are predictable
Have traditional motivations
If a security manager receives a bomb threat from an un-reliable source, what should be his first cause of action
Continue working
Advise the police that a threat has been received and assist in any investigations
The type of emergency operation plan developed that will address the preparedness and response aspect of the Business continuity is
That developed with the all-hazard approach
Emergency test and Exercises are conducted for what reason
Determining the level of staff awareness and training
Evaluating the adequacy of emergency communication
Identifying shortcomings in evacuation procedures
A critical and often misunderstood part of an emergency management process is
The emergency planning process
In emergency management program, what can be described as a dynamic element in leadership communication tool
Changing of leaders telephone and pager numbers when any of the member is changed
Lowering the level of a reservoir to reduce the consequences of a flood from potential breach of its dam embankment is which measure in emergency management
Mitigation
An organization provides vaccinations to communities in its operational area before an outbreak of disease from being an epidemic is adopting what element of the emergency management plan
Mitigation
For most company what is an important consideration for emergency planning
The need to resume normal operations rapidly is as great as the need to control potential damage
The logical beginning of emergency management is the development of a plan that defines emergency in terms relevant to the organization, establishes an organization to perform specific tasks before, during, and after an emergency, establishes a method for using available resources and for obtaining additional resources at the time of the emergency, and what else
Provides a means for moving normal operations into and back out of the emergency mode of operation
What is the term for the four-pronged process used by the emergency management community throughout the US
Emergency Management
Mitigation, Preparedness, and response, are three specific elements of Emergency Management. What, specifically, is the fourth heading
Recovery
In many respects, which discipline represents the private-sector version of Emergency Management
Business continuity
Which US Federal Government term involves the movement of critical functions and personnel to an alternate operating facility
Continuity of operations (COOP)
Emergency management has three primary objectives. The first is to minimize the probability of a threat or emergency. The second is to mitigate the impact if the threat occurs. What, specifically, is the third
To recover from the emergency and resume normal
operations
There are three major categories of emergencies for which plans may be developed. What are the categories
Natural
Human
Accidental
Emergencies for which planning is appropriate includes what
Telecommunications failure
Fuel leak
Power outage
The all-hazards approach to emergency management provides for a basic emergency operations plan with both functional annexes and threat-specific annexes. What is a recognized alternative planning approach
Having a separate stand-alone plan for each relevant emergency or contingency
How often should a formal audit of the EOP be undertaken
At least annually
What are the recognized type of emergency planning exercise or drill
Tabletop
Evacuation and shelter-in-place
Plan walk-through
Full scale exercise involving outside agencies
In setting emergency planning priorities, certain time-tested principles should be applied to the protection of life. These principles include evacuation and shelter, personal protection, and which other heading
Cordon and control
One operating official should be designated as the organization’s emergency coordinator to assume responsibility for the plan and to ensure that physical department boundaries do not impede a smooth emergency response. The coordinator should be someone regularly responsible for handling emergency, such as:
The Head of the security or engineering department
A list of emergency telephone numbers for key personnel should be included in the emergency plan. Distribution of the published plan with the telephone list should be:
Limited to control centers and senior personnel with plan implementation responsibilities
Fill in the missing word in the following statement: some organizations ensure that the board can function even if a large-scale disaster incapacitates so many board members that a………..is no longer possible. The bylaws of such companies provide a means of returning the board to full strength. One method is for board vacancies to be filled by the remaining board members. Some states have passes special statutes to facilitate emergency planning by corporate organization. Such provisions should be used if available
Quorum
When setting up an emergency planning in an organization what caution must be taken
A totally new organization should not be developed to deal with emergencies
List people you would expect to find on an organization’s Crisis Management Team
Logistics
Chaplain (if available)
Employee Union
Plans and operations
Legal counsel
What is the term given to an arrangement under which businesses and other organizations agree to assist each other by providing materials, equipment, and personnel for disaster control during emergencies? The purpose being to establish a workable emergency management organization that minimizes damage and ensures the continued operation or early restoration of damaged facilities. The process benefits the community as a whole because its emergency plan is part of the community’s total emergency plan
Mutual Aid Plan
Emergency planners should contact local hospitals to
Determine the number of emergency patients each can accommodate and the types of treatment available
What are the recommendation for an emergency alert and warning system
Outdoor as well as indoor warning systems must be provided
Existing communications systems, such as a public address system or the telephone system, may be used for indoor warnings
Where noise prevents effective audible warning, warning systems may use a visual signal, such as a flashing light
The emergency plan should assign specific responsibility for equipment shutdown. The actual shutdown should be assigned to:
People familiar with the process or those trained for that responsibility
What plans are separate from the organization’s emergency operations plan (EOP) should contain
Business continuity plans and continuity of operations plans
What plan would list the location of the alternate headquarters and operating locations and define who should report to them and under what conditions. Reporting centers might also be arranged so employees can signify their availability for work
The BC or COOP plan
Depending on the nature and needs of the business, business continuity strategies may include what measures
Business continuity strategies
Resumption and recovery in place,
The contracting out of selected functions, or
Relocation of critical functions and personnel to one or more sites (which may be controlled by the company or contracted from external sources)
What is the function of the business impact analysis (BIA) as an integral part of the business continuity planning process
It is used to identify an entity’s critical functions,
To assess the impact of a disaster or other emergency on those functions over time,
To determine the other elements of the business on which those critical functions depend, and
To help develop and prioritize recovery strategies.
Why do terrorists frequently choose innocent civilians as targets
To create shock
The most dangerous terrorist threat today comes from the
The global jihadist movement
In the global war on terrorism what specifically has hindered law enforcement and intelligence work
Lack of cooperation
To be effective, a threat assessment program should include what
Include regularly updated reports, to reflect the latest information on terrorist groups, their modus operandi targeting strategies
The principle form of terrorist activity is
Bombings
Of particular concern to critical infrastructure is terrorists’ use of:
Cyber attacks
The most dramatic development in individual weaponry is that of:
Precision guided munitions
From a terrorist perspective, the four elements required to carry out a bomb attack are:
Motive.
Material,
Knowledge,
Opportunity
