Introduction to the respiratory system (self-directed) Flashcards
What is the pharynx
Passageway for respiration and digestive systems
What is the larynx
Voice box; maintains open airway; routes food and drink appropriately
What is the trachea
Conveys air from pharynx; branches into bronchi in the lungs
What is respiration dependent on
Volume
Pressure
Temperature
Motion
influenced by gas laws
What is the relationship between pressure and volume
Pressure is inversely proportional to volume at a constant temperature
What is the relevance of moist air inhaled
Enables effective gas exchange
Conversion of 1kPa to mmHg
1kPa = 7.50 mmHg
What is Dolton’s law of partial pressure
Pressure exerted by each gas in a mixture of gases is independent of other gases present
What is the total pressure of a mixture of gases equal to
The sum of the individual gas pressures
What is pulmonary ventilation rate
Respiration rate x tidal volume
What is alveolar ventilation rate
Not all the air passing the lips reaches the alveoli for gas exchange
AVR- the ACTUAL amount of air that reaches the alveoli
To calculate AVR, allow for the ‘wasted’ ventilation of dead spaces
How to calculate dead space ventilation rate
physiological dead space x respiration rate
How to calculate alveolar ventilation rate
pulmonary ventilation rate - dead space ventilation rate
What does rapid shallow breathing do to alveolar ventilation and why
Rapid shallow breathing reduces alveolar ventilation because the dead space rather than the alveoli are ventilated
