Introduction To Quantitative Research Flashcards
Design
Plan, strategy, and structure for hypothesis testing
Theoretical framework
Structure or meanings that guide development of the study, and describe how this will link to nursing’s body of knowledge
Accuracy
Determine best theoretical framework that will logically and systematically examine the research problem
Feasibility
The ability of the study to be successful (cost, participants, timing, data analysis)
Pilot study
A small, simple study conducted to determine objectivity, accuracy, and feasibility of the study before the experimental study
Control
Measures the researcher uses to keep the study uniform and prevent bias
Bias
Any action or influence that distorts the findings of the study
Homogenous sampling
Having a very similar sample
Inclusion criteria
Characteristics that can be controlled, such as age, gender, medical history
Generalizability
Who the study results can be applied to
Consistency
Each participant is exposed to the same environmental conditions, timing of data collection, data collecting instruments, and data collection procedures
Randomization
Sampling process where each participant has an equal chance of being in the experimental or control group
Internal validity
The degree to which the experimental intervention results in observable effects, must rule out other factors that impact the relationship
History threats
Events that are not related to the planned study but occur during the time of the study and could influence responses of the sample
Maturation effect
Unplanned and unrecognized changes experienced during the study, such as aging
Testing effect
Taking the same questionnaire multiple times can impact scores
Instrumentation threat
Changes in the way the data is gathered that could account for changes in obtained measurements
Attrition
Subjects drop out of the study before completion
Selection bias
The participants who are chosen to take part in the study can lead to biased results
External validity
Examines the ability of the study to be generalized to additional populations and environmental conditions
Selection effects
Generalizability of the results to other populations, examines how the participants are chosen to take part in the study and how subjects are grouped together
Reactive effects (Hawthorne effect)
Examines the participants response to being studied, participants change their responses simply because they are part of the study, not because of the research intervention
Measurement effects
The administration of a pretest in a study impacts the generalizability of the results/findings
