INTRODUCTION TO PARASITOLOGY Flashcards
living together of phylogenetically different organisms
SYMBIOSIS
beneficial to both organisms
Mutualism
beneficial to one organism, neutral to the other
Commensalism
beneficial to one organism, harmful to the other
Parasitism
Harbors the adult or sexual stage of a parasite
Definitive
Harbors the larval or asexual stage of a parasite
Intermediate
Harbors a parasite that does not develop but
remains alive and is infective to the next host
Paratenic
Allows the parasite’s life cycle to continue and
serves as a source of human infection
Reservoir
Depends entirely upon its host for existence
Obligate
Capable of parasitic and free-living existence
Facultative
Larval stage is passed in a host while the adult
is free living
Transitory
Completes its life cycle in ONE HOST
Permanent
Requires 2 or more for the larval
and adult stages
Periodic
Primarily infects animals and may be acquired
by man
Zoonotic
Occurs in an unusual host
Accidental
Occurs in an unusual organ or habitat
Erratic
Passes through the intestinal tract without
causing any disturbance
Spurious or
coprozoic
Lives inside the body of a host
Endoparasite
invasion of ENDOPARASITE is called
Infection
Lives on body surfaces;
Ectoparasite
invasion of ECTOPARASITE is called
Infestation
Visits the host only during feeding time
Intermittent
vector that – transmits a parasite only after the latter has completed part of its development
Biologic vector
vector that is – not essential in the parasite’s life cycle and is responsible only for transporting
the parasite
Mechanical or Phoretic
mosquitoes, biting flies, kissing bugs, and ticks are ___ vector
Biologic vectors
cockroaches and house flies are ___ vectors
Mechanical Vectors
most intestinal parasites mode of transmission is
Ingestion
portal entry of MOT: larval skin penetration and skin inoculation (vector-borne)
skin
portal entry of MOT: sexual intercourse
Urogenital tract
portal entry of MOT: intranasal (e.g. meningoencephalitis)
Nasal passages
portal entry of MOT: vertical transmission (mother to fetus)
transplacental
Autoinfection can be ___ within the intestine or ____ hand to mouth
internal (within the intestine) or external (hand to mouth)
most common portal of exit
Anus
most common portal of entry
Mouth
