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PARASITOLOGY > INTESTINAL NEMATODES > Flashcards

INTESTINAL NEMATODES Flashcards

1
Q

most common cause of helminth infection in the world

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

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2
Q

most common cause of helminth infection in community

A

Enterobius vermicularis

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3
Q

third most common roundworm of humans

A

Trichuris trichiura

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4
Q

largest intestinal nematode

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

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5
Q

UNHOLY 3 / Most common soil transmitted helminths “Geohelminths” (HAT)

A

Hookworms (human)
Ascaris lumbricoides
Trichuris trichiura

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6
Q

parasitic females are parthenogenetic

A

Strongyloides stercoralis

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7
Q

females produce two types of eggs

A

Capillaria philippinensis

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8
Q

Causes interhnal autoinfection

A

Strongyloides stercoralis & Capillaria philippinensis

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9
Q

Common name of E. vermicularis

A

Pinworm
Seatworm
Door knob

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10
Q

Common name of T. trichiura

A

Whipworm

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11
Q

Common name of A. lumbricoides

A

Giant Intestinal Roundworm
Eelworm

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12
Q

Common name of
N. americanus
A. duodenale
A. ceylanicum

A

New World HW

Old world HW

Zoonotic HW

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13
Q

Common name of S. stercoralis

A

Threadworm

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14
Q

Common name of C. philippinensis

A

Pudoc worm

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15
Q

Diagnostic Stage is EMBRYONATED Egg

A

E. vermicularis

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16
Q

Diagnostic Stage is UNEMBRYONATED Egg

A

T. trichiura
Hookworms
C. philippinensis

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17
Q

Diagnostic Stage is FERTILIZED & UNEMBRYONATED Egg

A

A. lumbricoides

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18
Q

Diagnostic Stage is RHABDITIFORM Larvae

A

S. stercoralis

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19
Q

Ingestion of Embryonated Egg

A

E. vermicularis
T. trichiura
A. lumbricoides

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20
Q

Ingestion of infective larvae from raw fishes

A

C. philippinensis

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21
Q

Skin penetration by filariform larvae

A

S. tercoralis
N. Americanus
A. duodenale

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22
Q

Egg morphology:

50-60 um x 20-30 um; colorless;
D shaped / lopsided/ Planeconvex ;contain a fully developed larva

A

E. vermicularis

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23
Q

Egg morphology:
50-54 um x 23 um; yellow to brown; barrel, football, lemon, or Japanese lantern-shaped with ROUNDED HYALINE BIPOLAR PLUS

A

T. trichiura

24
Q

Egg morphology:

45-70 x 35-50 µm; yellow brown;
round or ovoidal; THICK shell with 3
layers

A

Fertilized A. lumbricoides

25
Egg morphology: 88-94 x 39-44 µm; elongated; shell often very THIN and may be decorticated
UNfertilized A. lumbricoides
26
Egg morphology: 57-76 um x 35-47 um; oval or ellipsoidal with a thin colorless shell with grayish cells
Hookworms
27
Egg morphology: 50-58 um x 30-34 um; similar to those of hookworms but are usually embryonated
S. stercoralis
28
Egg morphology: 36-45 um X 20 um; PEANUT SHAPED; with flattened bipolar plugs and striated shell
C. philippinensis
29
Adult Morphology: Whitish; morphologic features include: 1. Cuticular alar expansion / cephalic alae / wing like extension 2. Esophageal bulb
E. vermicuralis
30
Adult Morphology: Pinkish gray; WHIP-like with slender anterior 2/3; esophagus is lined by stichzytes
T, trichiura
31
Adult Morphology: -Pink or white; superficially resembles an EARTHWORM -Mouth of male and female adult has TRILOBATE LIPS
A. lumbricoides
32
Adult Morphology: Characteristic of dental pattern: 1. no teeth but with semilunar cutting plates 2. 2 pairs of buccal teeth 3. 1 pair of buccal teeth 4. 3 pairs of buccal teeth "ABDC" = 0123
1. N. americanus 2. A. duodenale 3. A. braziliense 4. A. caninum
33
Adult Morphology: Short buccal cavity with indistinct lips
S. stercoralis
34
Adult Morphology: Thin filamentous anterior and a slightly thicker posterior Male has long sheathed copulatory spicule
C. philippinensis
35
Morphology of Hookworm and Strongyloides Larvae - 1st stage larva, feeding stage and with open mouth - shorter and robust - NOT INFECTIVE - length of buccal cavity - size of genital primordium
Rhabditiform larva
36
Morphology of Hookworm and Strongyloides Larvae - 2nd stage larva, non-feeding stage and with closed mouth - longer and slender - INFECTIVE - length of esophagus - tail end - presence or absence of sheath
Filariform larva
37
Morphology of Rhabditiform Larva of Hookworm 250um - ____ buccal cavity (equal of body`s width) - ___ genital primordium
- LONGER buccal cavity (equal of body`s width) - SMALL / INCONSPICUOUS / INDISTINCT genital primordium
38
Morphology of of Rhabditiform Larva of S. stercoralis 225um - ____ buccal cavity (halft of body`s width) - ___ genital primordium
- SHORTER buccal cavity (halft of body`s width) - LARGE/ CONSPICUOUS / DISTINCT genital primordium
39
Morphology of of Filariform Larva of S. stercoralis - length of esophagus - tail end - presence or absence of sheath
- length of esophagus: Longer (550um) - tail end: BIFID / Notched / Forked - presence or absence of sheath: UNSHEATED
40
Morphology of of Filariform Larva of Hookworm - length of esophagus - tail end - presence or absence of sheath
- length of esophagus: Shorter (700um) - tail end: POINTED / Straight - presence or absence of sheath: SHEATED
41
Enterobiasis _____ caused by female migration; insomnia and restlessness. Itchiness of anal region.
Pruritis Ani
42
Trichuriasis: Few or no symptoms; heavy infections may cause
Mild anemia due to mucosal bleeding and RECTAL PROLAPSE
43
Intestinal ascariasis; Ascaris pneumonitis or _____________________ – allergy and peripheral eosinophilia; ectopic ascariasis
Loeffler`s syndrome
44
Characteristicof Capillariasis (mystery disease)
BORBORYGMI - gurgling stomach
45
Chinese lantern ova:_____ Japanese lantern ova:____
Chinese lantern ova: S. stercoralis Japanese lantern ova: T. trichiura
46
Causes Pneumonitis due to lung migration in cycle "ASH"
A. lumbricodies S. stercoralis Hookworms (human)
47
Hookworm infection can cause: ___ that is MICROCYTIC, HYPOCHROMIC
Iron Deficiency Anemia
48
largest intestinal nematode smallest intestinal nematode
largest intestinal nematode: A. lumbricoides smallest intestinal nematode: S. stercoralis
49
Female roundworms that produce UNEMBRYONATED EGGS (external embryonation)
Oviparous
50
Roundworms that OVIPAROUS are
A. lumbricoides Hookworms Trichuris
51
Female roundworms that produce EMBRYONATED EGGS (internal embryonation)
Ovo-viviparous
52
Roundworms that OVO-VIVIPAROUS are
E. vermicularis S. stercoralis
53
Female roundworms that do not lay eggs but instead produce LARVAE
Viviparous
54
Roundworms that VIVIPAROUS are
T. spiralis Filariae D. immitis D. medinensis
55
Sensory organ with cephalic chemoreceptors present in all nematodes
Amphids
56
Sensory organ with caudal chemoreceptors & not present in ___
Phasmids Aphasmidians (Trichuris, Trichinella & Capillaria)

PARASITOLOGY (19 decks)

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