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PARASITOLOGY > INTESTINAL NEMATODES > Flashcards

INTESTINAL NEMATODES Flashcards

1
Q

most common cause of helminth infection in the world

A

Enterobius vermicularis

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2
Q

most common cause of helminth infection in community

A

Enterobius vermicularis

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3
Q

third most common roundworm of humans

A

Trichuris trichiura

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4
Q

largest intestinal nematode

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

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5
Q

UNHOLY 3 / Most common soil transmitted helminths “Geohelminths” (HAT)

A

Hookworms (human)
Ascaris lumbricoides
Trichuris trichiura

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6
Q

parasitic females are parthenogenetic

A

Strongyloides stercoralis

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7
Q

females produce two types of eggs

A

Capillaria philippinensis

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8
Q

Causes interhnal autoinfection

A

Strongyloides stercoralis & Capillaria philippinensis

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9
Q

Common name of E. vermicularis

A

Pinworm
Seatworm
Door knob

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10
Q

Common name of T. trichiura

A

Whipworm

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11
Q

Common name of A. lumbricoides

A

Giant Intestinal Roundworm
Eelworm

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12
Q

Common name of
N. americanus
A. duodenale
A. ceylanicum

A

New World HW

Old world HW

Zoonotic HW

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13
Q

Common name of S. stercoralis

A

Threadworm

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14
Q

Common name of C. philippinensis

A

Pudoc worm

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15
Q

Diagnostic Stage is EMBRYONATED Egg

A

E. vermicularis

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16
Q

Diagnostic Stage is UNEMBRYONATED Egg

A

T. trichiura
Hookworms
C. philippinensis

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17
Q

Diagnostic Stage is FERTILIZED & UNEMBRYONATED Egg

A

A. lumbricoides

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18
Q

Diagnostic Stage is RHABDITIFORM Larvae

A

S. stercoralis

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19
Q

Ingestion of Embryonated Egg

A

E. vermicularis
T. trichiura
A. lumbricoides

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20
Q

Ingestion of infective larvae from raw fishes

A

C. philippinensis

21
Q

Skin penetration by filariform larvae

A

S. tercoralis
N. Americanus
A. duodenale

22
Q

Egg morphology:

50-60 um x 20-30 um; colorless;
D shaped / lopsided/ Planeconvex ;contain a fully developed larva

A

E. vermicularis

23
Q

Egg morphology:
50-54 um x 23 um; yellow to brown; barrel, football, lemon, or Japanese lantern-shaped with ROUNDED HYALINE BIPOLAR PLUS

A

T. trichiura

24
Q

Egg morphology:

45-70 x 35-50 µm; yellow brown;
round or ovoidal; THICK shell with 3
layers

A

Fertilized A. lumbricoides

25
Q

Egg morphology:

88-94 x 39-44 µm; elongated; shell often very THIN and may be decorticated

A

UNfertilized A. lumbricoides

26
Q

Egg morphology:
57-76 um x 35-47 um; oval or ellipsoidal with a thin colorless shell with grayish cells

A

Hookworms

27
Q

Egg morphology:
50-58 um x 30-34 um; similar to those of
hookworms but are usually embryonated

A

S. stercoralis

28
Q

Egg morphology:
36-45 um X 20 um; PEANUT SHAPED;
with flattened bipolar plugs and striated shell

A

C. philippinensis

29
Q

Adult Morphology:

Whitish; morphologic features
include:
1. Cuticular alar expansion / cephalic alae / wing like extension
2. Esophageal bulb

A

E. vermicuralis

30
Q

Adult Morphology:

Pinkish gray; WHIP-like with
slender anterior 2/3; esophagus
is lined by stichzytes

A

T, trichiura

31
Q

Adult Morphology:
-Pink or white; superficially
resembles an EARTHWORM

-Mouth of male and female
adult has TRILOBATE LIPS

A

A. lumbricoides

32
Q

Adult Morphology:
Characteristic of dental pattern:

  1. no teeth but with semilunar cutting plates
  2. 2 pairs of buccal teeth
  3. 1 pair of buccal teeth
  4. 3 pairs of buccal teeth

“ABCD” = 0123

A
  1. N. americanus
  2. A. duodenale
  3. A. braziliense
  4. A. caninum
33
Q

Adult Morphology:
Short buccal cavity with
indistinct lips

A

S. stercoralis

34
Q

Adult Morphology:
Thin filamentous anterior and a
slightly thicker posterior

Male has long sheathed
copulatory spicule

A

C. philippinensis

35
Q

Morphology of Hookworm and Strongyloides Larvae

  • 1st stage larva, feeding stage and with open mouth
  • shorter and robust
  • NOT INFECTIVE
  • length of buccal cavity
  • size of genital primordium
A

Rhabditiform larva

36
Q

Morphology of Hookworm and Strongyloides Larvae

  • 2nd stage larva, non-feeding stage and with closed mouth
  • longer and slender
  • INFECTIVE
  • length of esophagus
  • tail end
  • presence or absence of sheath
A

Filariform larva

37
Q

Morphology of Rhabditiform Larva of Hookworm

250um
- ____ buccal cavity (equal of body`s width)
- ___ genital primordium

A
  • LONGER buccal cavity (equal of body`s width)
  • SMALL / INCONSPICUOUS / INDISTINCT genital primordium
38
Q

Morphology of of Rhabditiform Larva of S. stercoralis

225um
- ____ buccal cavity (halft of body`s width)
- ___ genital primordium

A
  • SHORTER buccal cavity (halft of body`s width)
  • LARGE/ CONSPICUOUS / DISTINCT genital primordium
39
Q

Morphology of of Filariform Larva of S. stercoralis

  • length of esophagus
  • tail end
  • presence or absence of sheath
A
  • length of esophagus: Longer (550um)
  • tail end: BIFID / Notched / Forked
  • presence or absence of sheath: UNSHEATED
40
Q

Morphology of of Filariform Larva of Hookworm

  • length of esophagus
  • tail end
  • presence or absence of sheath
A
  • length of esophagus: Shorter (700um)
  • tail end: POINTED / Straight
  • presence or absence of sheath: SHEATED
41
Q

Enterobiasis _____ caused by female migration; insomnia and restlessness. Itchiness of anal region.

A

Pruritis Ani

42
Q

Trichuriasis: Few or no symptoms; heavy infections may cause

A

Mild anemia due to mucosal bleeding and RECTAL PROLAPSE

43
Q

Intestinal ascariasis; Ascaris pneumonitis or _____________________ – allergy and
peripheral eosinophilia; ectopic ascariasis

A

Loeffler`s syndrome

44
Q

Characteristicof Capillariasis (mystery disease)

A

BORBORYGMI - gurgling stomach

45
Q

Chinese lantern ova:_____

Japanese lantern ova:____

A

Chinese lantern ova: S. stercoralis

Japanese lantern ova: T. trichiura

46
Q

Causes Pneumonitis due to lung migration in cycle “ASH”

A

A. lumbricodies
S. stercoralis
Hookworms (human)

47
Q

Hookworm infection can cause: ___ that is MICROCYTIC, HYPOCHROMIC

A

Iron Deficiency Anemia

48
Q

largest intestinal nematode

smallest intestinal nematode

A

largest intestinal nematode: A. lumbricoides

smallest intestinal nematode: S. stercoralis

PARASITOLOGY (17 decks)

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