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PARASITOLOGY > DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE > Flashcards

DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE Flashcards

1
Q

Clearance period of Antacids, antidiarrheals, barium, bismuth, laxatives (leave crystalline residues)

A

7 to 10 days

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2
Q

Clearance period of Antimicrobial agents (decrease the number of protozoans)

A

2-3 weeks

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3
Q

Clearance period of Gallbladder dyes

A

3 weeks

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4
Q

Collect sufficient quantity of stool if LIQUID STOOL

A

5 to 6 tablespoon

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5
Q

Collect sufficient quantity of stool if SOLID/FORMED STOOL

A

2 to 5 grams (thumb size)

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6
Q

Number of specimens examined (over 10 days period)

A

3 specimens

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7
Q

Maximum time between collection and examination

LIQUID stool:
SOFT/Semi formed stool:
FORMED stool:

A

LIQUID stool: 30 mins
SOFT/Semi formed stool: up to 1 hour
FORMED stool: up to 24 hours

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8
Q

Beyond one hour, the stool must be ____ for up to 24 hours

A

refrigerated

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9
Q

For longer periods of preservation:

A

2 vial technique (CDC) or 1 vial preservatice (commercial)

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10
Q

Ratio of stool to preservative

A

1:3

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11
Q

All-purpose fixative

A

10% formalin

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12
Q

Fix and stain

A

Merthiolate-iodine-formalin

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13
Q

Can be used for permanent stains

A

Sodium acetate-acetic acid formalin

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14
Q

contain mercuric chloride (toxic to man)

A

Schaudinn’s fluid & Polyvinyl alcohol

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15
Q

contain zinc sulfate or copper sulfate

A

modified PVA

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16
Q

found in formed stool is ____ while in liquid stool is ____

A

Cyst ; trophozoites

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17
Q

In egg counting technique: high yield is in ____ while low yield in ____ (consistency of stool)

A

high yield in formed & dry stool

low yield in liquid & watery stool

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18
Q

wet mount is prepared by mixing _______ of stool with a drop of ____

A

2mg of stool + 0.85% Saline (NSS)

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19
Q

concentration technique where specific gravity of parasite > specific gravity of medium

A

Sedimentation procedures

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20
Q

concentration technique where specific gravity of parasite < specific gravity of medium

A

Flotation procedures

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21
Q

Sedimentation procedures that is Efficient in recovering most protozoan cysts and helminth eggs and larvae

A

Formalin-ether (or ethyl acetate) concentration technique

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22
Q

Sedimentation procedures
Recommended for animal parasites, Trichuris, Capillaria, and Schistosoma eggs

A

Acid-ether concentration technique

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23
Q

Flotation Procedures yields a cleaner preparation than is provided by FECT

A

Zinc sulfate centrifugal flotation

24
Q

Flotation Procedures no centrifugation is required and uses saturated salt solution

A

Brine’s flotation

25
Q

Flotation Procedures uses boiled sugar solution preserved with phenol and for concetrating coccidian oocysts

A

Sheather’s flotation

26
Q

Permanent staining that is shades of gray blue to black

A

Iron Hematoxylin

27
Q

Permanent staining that is a modification of gomori

A

Wheatley`s Trichome

28
Q

Permanent staining that is 10x of normal dye content; for microsporidians

A

Modified Trichome

29
Q

Permanent staining that uses Kinyoun`s (weak acid decolorizer) and to demonstrate Coccidian

A

Modified acid-fast stain

30
Q

Neutrophils resembles

A

E. histolytica cyst

31
Q

Macrophages, squamous and columnar epithelial cells resembles

A

Amebic trophozoites

32
Q

Yeast, fungal conidia, mushroom spores, diatoms resembles

A

Protozoan cysts or helminth eggs

33
Q

Mite eggs resembles

A

hookworm eggs

34
Q

Pollen grains resembles

A

Taenia eggs or Ascaris eggs

35
Q

technique that is useful for assessing worm burden and monitoring the efficacy of antihelminthics

A

Egg counting techniques

36
Q

Egg counting techniques is useful in cases of

A

Soil transmitted Helminths (STH) and Schistosomiasis

37
Q

modification of the Kato thick smear which uses a measured amount of stool which has been sieved through a wire mesh

A

Kato-Katz

38
Q

amount of stool use in Kato THICK smear

A

50-60 mg

39
Q

mixture use in Kato THICK smear

A

Glycerin (clearing agent) and Malachite green (background)

40
Q

used to determine severity of Schistosoma infection

A

Faust-Malloney egg hatching technique

41
Q

stool culture method that uses moistened soil or granulated charcoal

A

Copro culture

42
Q

stool culture method that – involves applying positive stool to a filter paper strip and
placing it into a test tube with distilled water for 10 days at 25-30°C.

A

Harada-Mori or Test tube culture method

43
Q

preferred specimen especially for malaria to avoid distortion of parasite
morphology

A

Fresh non-anticoagulated blood

44
Q

timing of collection for MALARIA is ___ the next anticipated fever spike

A

BEFORE

45
Q

timing of collection for FILARIASIS depends on the ___

A

PERIODICITY

46
Q

stained smear used for rapid diagnosis of malaria and demonstrating Trypomastigotes and Microfilariae

A

Thick blood smear

47
Q

stained smear used for species identification

A

Thin blood smear

48
Q

Parasites/µL blood = (parasites / WBCs counted) × WBC count per µL or 8,000 WBCs

A

Thick smear

49
Q

% parasitemia = (parasitized RBCs / total RBCs counted) × 100

A

Thin smear

50
Q

Stain that is recommended for detection and identification of blood parasites

A

Giemsa stain

51
Q

Useful in the demonstration of malarial parasites, microfilariae,
trypomastigotes, and Babesia spp.

A

Quantitative buffy coat

52
Q

Specimen use for the demonstration of Naegleria and Acanthamoeba trophozoites,
trypomastigotes, and cysticerc

A

Cerebrospinal fluid

53
Q

– examined to detect T. vaginalis trophozoites, S. haematobium
ova, and rarely W. bancrofti microfilariae

A

Urogential tract specimens

54
Q

Useful in the demonstration of P. westermani ova, migrating helminth larvae, E. histolytica trophozoites, and
Pneumocystis jirovecii

A

Sputume or Bronchoalveolar Lavage (BAL)

55
Q
A
56
Q
A

PARASITOLOGY (17 decks)

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