DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE

Question 1

Clearance period of Antacids, antidiarrheals, barium, bismuth, laxatives (leave crystalline residues)

Answer 1

7 to 10 days

Question 2

Clearance period of Antimicrobial agents (decrease the number of protozoans)

Answer 2

2-3 weeks

Question 3

Clearance period of Gallbladder dyes

Answer 3

3 weeks

Question 4

Collect sufficient quantity of stool if LIQUID STOOL

Answer 4

5 to 6 tablespoon

Question 5

Collect sufficient quantity of stool if SOLID/FORMED STOOL

Answer 5

2 to 5 grams (thumb size)

Question 6

Number of specimens examined (over 10 days period)

Answer 6

3 specimens

Question 7

Maximum time between collection and examination

LIQUID stool:
SOFT/Semi formed stool:
FORMED stool:

Answer 7

LIQUID stool: 30 mins
SOFT/Semi formed stool: up to 1 hour
FORMED stool: up to 24 hours

Question 8

Beyond one hour, the stool must be ____ for up to 24 hours

Answer 8

refrigerated

Question 9

For longer periods of preservation:

Answer 9

2 vial technique (CDC) or 1 vial preservatice (commercial)

Question 10

Ratio of stool to preservative

Answer 10

1:3

Question 11

All-purpose fixative

Answer 11

10% formalin

Question 12

Fix and stain

Answer 12

Merthiolate-iodine-formalin

Question 13

Can be used for permanent stains

Answer 13

Sodium acetate-acetic acid formalin

Question 14

contain mercuric chloride (toxic to man)

Answer 14

Schaudinn’s fluid & Polyvinyl alcohol

Question 15

contain zinc sulfate or copper sulfate

Answer 15

modified PVA

Question 16

found in formed stool is ____ while in liquid stool is ____

Answer 16

Cyst ; trophozoites

Question 17

In egg counting technique: high yield is in ____ while low yield in ____ (consistency of stool)

Answer 17

high yield in formed & dry stool

low yield in liquid & watery stool

Question 18

wet mount is prepared by mixing _______ of stool with a drop of ____

Answer 18

2mg of stool + 0.85% Saline (NSS)

Question 19

concentration technique where specific gravity of parasite > specific gravity of medium

Answer 19

Sedimentation procedures

Question 20

concentration technique where specific gravity of parasite < specific gravity of medium

Answer 20

Flotation procedures

Question 21

Sedimentation procedures that is Efficient in recovering most protozoan cysts and helminth eggs and larvae

Answer 21

Formalin-ether (or ethyl acetate) concentration technique

Question 22

Sedimentation procedures
Recommended for animal parasites, Trichuris, Capillaria, and Schistosoma eggs

Answer 22

Acid-ether concentration technique

Question 23

Flotation Procedures yields a cleaner preparation than is provided by FECT

Answer 23

Zinc sulfate centrifugal flotation

Question 24

Flotation Procedures no centrifugation is required and uses saturated salt solution

Answer 24

Brine’s flotation

Question 25

Flotation Procedures uses boiled sugar solution preserved with phenol and for concetrating coccidian oocysts

Answer 25

Sheather’s flotation

Question 26

Permanent staining that is shades of gray blue to black

Answer 26

Iron Hematoxylin

Question 27

Permanent staining that is a modification of gomori

Answer 27

Wheatley`s Trichome

Question 28

Permanent staining that is 10x of normal dye content; for microsporidians

Answer 28

Modified Trichome

Question 29

Permanent staining that uses Kinyoun`s (weak acid decolorizer) and to demonstrate Coccidian

Answer 29

Modified acid-fast stain

Question 30

Neutrophils resembles

Answer 30

E. histolytica cyst

Question 31

Macrophages, squamous and columnar epithelial cells resembles

Answer 31

Amebic trophozoites

Question 32

Yeast, fungal conidia, mushroom spores, diatoms resembles

Answer 32

Protozoan cysts or helminth eggs

Question 33

Mite eggs resembles

Answer 33

hookworm eggs

Question 34

Pollen grains resembles

Answer 34

Taenia eggs or Ascaris eggs

Question 35

technique that is useful for assessing worm burden and monitoring the efficacy of antihelminthics

Answer 35

Egg counting techniques

Question 36

Egg counting techniques is useful in cases of

Answer 36

Soil transmitted Helminths (STH) and Schistosomiasis

Question 37

modification of the Kato thick smear which uses a measured amount of stool which has been sieved through a wire mesh

Answer 37

Kato-Katz

Question 38

amount of stool use in Kato THICK smear

Answer 38

50-60 mg

Question 39

mixture use in Kato THICK smear

Answer 39

Glycerin (clearing agent) and Malachite green (background)

Question 40

used to determine severity of Schistosoma infection

Answer 40

Faust-Malloney egg hatching technique

Question 41

stool culture method that uses moistened soil or granulated charcoal

Answer 41

Copro culture

Question 42

stool culture method that – involves applying positive stool to a filter paper strip and placing it into a test tube with distilled water for 10 days at 25-30°C.

Answer 42

Harada-Mori or Test tube culture method

Question 43

preferred specimen especially for malaria to avoid distortion of parasite morphology

Answer 43

Fresh non-anticoagulated blood

Question 44

timing of collection for MALARIA is ___ the next anticipated fever spike

Answer 44

BEFORE

Question 45

timing of collection for FILARIASIS depends on the ___

Answer 45

PERIODICITY

Question 46

stained smear used for rapid diagnosis of malaria and demonstrating Trypomastigotes and Microfilariae

Answer 46

Thick blood smear

Question 47

stained smear used for species identification

Answer 47

Thin blood smear

Question 48

Parasites/µL blood = (parasites / WBCs counted) × WBC count per µL or 8,000 WBCs

Answer 48

Thick smear

Question 49

% parasitemia = (parasitized RBCs / total RBCs counted) × 100

Answer 49

Thin smear

Question 50

Stain that is recommended for detection and identification of blood parasites

Answer 50

Giemsa stain

Question 51

Useful in the demonstration of malarial parasites, microfilariae, trypomastigotes, and Babesia spp.

Answer 51

Quantitative buffy coat

Question 52

Specimen use for the demonstration of Naegleria and Acanthamoeba trophozoites, trypomastigotes, and cysticerc

Answer 52

Cerebrospinal fluid

Question 53

– examined to detect T. vaginalis trophozoites, S. haematobium ova, and rarely W. bancrofti microfilariae

Answer 53

Urogential tract specimens

Question 54

Useful in the demonstration of P. westermani ova, migrating helminth larvae, E. histolytica trophozoites, and Pneumocystis jirovecii

Answer 54

Sputume or Bronchoalveolar Lavage (BAL)