Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Nomenclature - Formulas

Question 1

Different Types of Formulae

Answer 1

• Empirical formula
• Molecular formula
• General formula
• Structural formula
• Displayed formula
• Skeletal formula

Question 2

Define empirical formula

Answer 2

• The simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element in a compound

Question 3

Define molecular formula

Answer 3

• The true number of atoms of each element in a compound

Question 4

Define general formula

Answer 4

• A general formula is an algebraic formula that can describe any member of a family of compounds (homologous series)
• E.g Alkanes = CnH2n+2

Question 5

Define structural formula

Answer 5

• Shows the structural arrangement of atoms within a molecule without showing bonds

Question 6

Define displayed formula

Answer 6

• Shows how all atoms are arranged, and all the bonds between them

Question 7

Define skeletal formula

Answer 7

• Shows only the bonds in a compound and any non-carbon atoms
• Vertices are carbon atoms
• Hydrogen is assumed to be bonded to them unless stated otherwise