Introduction to methods of assessment Flashcards
types of validity
construct-related
content-related
criterion-related
What is the definition of assessment?
Specific tools or instruments that are used during the evaluation process
what are the basic strategies for conducting an effective interview?
- Clarify purpose
- Sensitive to care giver’s needs
- Promote interaction by using open ended questions
- Attempt to understand family dynamics
- Plan where to take notes
- Remain positive and realistic
- Be flexible and respond to questions
- Effective verbal and non-verbal communication skills
- Avoid therapy jargon and explain technical terms
define evaluation
The process of obtaining and interpreting data necessary for intervention. This includes planning for and documenting the evaluation process and results
differentiate between standardized and non-standardized tests
Standardized:
- uniform administration and marking procedures
- developed for specific populations
- HPCSA list for tests used by OTs
Non-standardized
- observations and checklists
- no prescribed manner for administration
what are the ‘Do’s’ when coming to assessments?
- use standardized tests where possible
- administrate and mark as prescribed
what should you consider when choosing an assessment?
- purpose
- theoretical frame of reference
- clinical utility
- technical considerations
- fairness
- external reviews
- strengths and weaknesses of tests
what needs to be considered when structuring an assessment?
Preparation
- decide on assessment methods and instruments
- prepare instructions thoroughly
- pack out needed items and ensure all that is needed is there
-structure the area that will be used for assessment
presentation
- give instructions clearly
- use a neutral tone of voice
Handling
- only necessary physical handling
avoid too much feedback during assessment
Positioning
- respect client’s dignity and privacy at all times
- environment must be conducive to optimal performance
- position yourself to optimize opportunity for observations
types of reliability
- test-retest
- inter-rated
- standard error of measurement (SEM)
HOW TO INTERPRET RESULTS IN CONTEXT
- look for clusters of results
- standardization sample of test comparison to context of client
- variables
- functional difficulty should always be brought into context of difficulties identified through assessment
what is the purpose of an evaluation?
- decide whether further treatment is necessary
- diagnostic process/ eligible for OT
- assist in the OT process
- develop intervention plan
- evaluate progress in therapy
- evaluate efficacy of intervention service/ describe patterns of development/ describe functional problems
characteristics of standardized tests
validity and reliability
what should be considered when it comes to referrals
- where referral comes from
- reasons for referral
- purpose of assessment
- previous assessments or information gathered
what are the 3 methods of assessment?
- asking questions
- observing
- testing
what are some ‘don’ts’ when coming to assessments
- make up your own test
- use parts of tests
- give any commentary before hand
- use tests you are not trained in using
- force someone to do a test