Introduction To Learning Anatomy

Question 1

What are the 6 systems that clinical testing seeks to address?

Answer 1

Endocrine
Nervous
Cardiovascular
Pulmonary
Integumentary
Musculoskeletal

ENCPIM, or PICMEN

Question 2

How do we understand our patient’s anatomy?

Answer 2

Observe
Palpate
Imaging
Clinical Tests

OPIC!

Question 3

What are the 11 systems of the body?

Answer 3

My sister Rachel is Extremely Nervous Cuz Uncle Don Lied Recently

Muscular
Skeletal
Reproductive 
Integumentary
Endocrine
Nervous
Circulatory
Urinary
Digestive
Lymphatic
Respiratory

Question 4

What is the Somatic System responsible for?

Answer 4

Voluntary movement and sensations (receives and sends info from and to muscles).

Question 5

What is the autonomic system?

Answer 5

Split into the parasympathetic and sympathetic system.

Parasympathetic is rest/digest responsible.

Sympathetic is fight/flight.

Question 6

What’s the difference between an afferent and an efferent neuron?

Answer 6

Efferent neurons Exit the CNS.

Afferent neurons Arrive to the CNS.

Question 7

What is a dermatome?

Answer 7

A pattern where a cutaneous nerve inserts. These are afferent (they take messages from the skin back to the CNS).

Question 8

What is a myotome?

Answer 8

Patterns where a motor nerve inserts. These are efferent (they send messages from the CNS to the muscle).

Question 9

What area do peripheral nerves effect?

Answer 9

Cutaneous sensation.

Question 10

What are the clinical symptoms for Peripheral NS impairment?

Answer 10

Parasthesia
Diminished / lost sensation
Weakness
Pain
Movement Dysfunction

Question 11

What are the different types of sensory testing?

Answer 11

Superficial (exteroceptors)
Deep (proprioceptors)
Combined Cortical

Question 12

What are some examples of Superficial sensory testing?

Answer 12

Pain
Temperature
Light Touch
Pressure

Question 13

What are some examples of Deep sensory testing?

Answer 13

Position sense (being able to mirror without a mirror)
Kinesthesia (awareness of position and body)
Vibration

Question 14

What are some examples of combined cortical sensory testing?

Answer 14

1) 2 pt. Discrimination
2) Graphesthesia - knowing writing by feel
3) Stereognosis - being able to know a thing by feel
4) Texture Sensing
5) Barognosis - being able to sense pressure and weight

Question 15

What causes impairment of NS?

Answer 15

1. Pressure
2. Ischemia
3. Metabolic / Chemical Changes
4. Disease
5. Trauma