Intro to Clinical Decision Making

Question 1

What are the 4 categories of health conditions?

Answer 1

1. A health condition: disease/disorder/injury/condition
2. Impairment: prob in body structure or function
3. Activity Limitation: difficulty doing a task or action
4. Participation restrictions: problems being involved in life and social roles.

Question 2

What does ICF stand for and what does it do?

Answer 2

The International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health

Gives us common terminology for naming health conditions

Question 3

What are some examples of impairments?

Answer 3

Limited ROM, deconditioning, force production, pain, stiffness, lack of proprioception

Question 4

What are some examples of limitations?

Answer 4

Actual activities that are necessary for living: squatting, sitting, standing, climbing up steps, reaching, throwing, etc.

Question 5

What is a restriction?

Answer 5

Not being able to join in work/play/social activities.

Question 6

What is an example of a person with low impairment, but high restriction?

Answer 6

Someone with LBP who decides to lay around and do nothing for 6 weeks.

Question 7

What is an example of a person with many impairments but low restriction?

Answer 7

Someone in the special olympics

Question 8

What are some examples of Personal Factors?

Answer 8

Fear, dependence, poor history w/ health professionals

Question 9

What is the patient/client management model?

Answer 9

Exam > Evaluation > Diagnosis > Prognosis > Intervention > Outcomes

EEDPIO

Question 10

What does ROS stand for? What does it include?

Answer 10

Review of Systems. A quick global look at how you are thinking, feeling, moving - your CNS functioning.

Question 11

What is involved in an examination?

Answer 11

History
ROS
Tests and Measures

Question 12

What are the 3 pillars of evidence based medicine?

Answer 12

Patient values, research, and clinical expertise.

PRC

Question 13

What are the 5 levels of evidence for treatment efficacy?

Answer 13

From MOST bias to least.

5. Mechanism based reasoning / expert opinion (i.e. animal studies).
6. Case-control, case series
7. Non-randomized controlled cohort study
8. RCT
9. Systematic Review/Meta Analysis

*case control = writing about one patient who experienced a notable difference with one intervention

Question 14

What is the 6s Pyramid of Evidence Resources?

Answer 14

TOP -> BOTTOM
Systems - auto decision making
Summaries - lead to evidence-based guidelines
Synopses of Syntheses - based on systematic reviews
Syntheses - groups of studies synthesized as a statement
Synopses of Single Studies - summaries of single studies
Single Studies - animal or not.

Question 15

What does p < 0.05 reference in research settings?

Answer 15

“Statistical significance” or, that there is only a 5% chance that a change was to due to chance.