Introduction to Immunology Flashcards
__ is defined as a balanced state of having adequate biological defenses to fight infectious disease or other unwanted biological invasion while having adequate tolerance to avoid allergy and auto immune diseases.
a. Immune system
b. Immunity
c. Immune response
d. None of the above
b. Immunity
The co- orginated reaction of these cells and molecules to infectious microbes is known as which of the following?
a. Immune system
b. Immunity
c. Immune response
d. None of the above
c. Immune response
The collection of cells, tissues and molecules that protects animals against microbial invasion essential for life is referred to as ___.
a. Immune system
b. Immunity
c. Immune response
d. None of the above
a. Immune system
Which of the following is not a function of the immune system?
a. Prevent infections and eradicate estabilished infections by recognizing and eliminating foreign antibodies
b. Formation of immunological memory
c. Development of tolerance to self antigens
d. All the above are true
a. Prevent infections and eradicate estabilished infections by recognizing and eliminating foreign antibodies
**eliminating foreign antigens
Which of the following is false regarding innate immunity?
a. It is nonspecific and is present from birth
b. It is acquired later on in life to fight against specific invaders
c. It is the initial and rapid response to pathogens that have damaged tissue
d. Encompasses protective factors present in an individual animal independent of antigenic stimulus
b. It is acquired later on in life to fight against specific invaders
**adaptive immunity is acquired, innate is present at birth
Which of the following is false regarding adaptive immunity?
a. It can be acquired passively by placental transfer or injection of specific antibodies
b. It can be acquired actively by infection or vaccination
c. It is nonspecific against specific invaders
d. Passive immunity will last until the antibodies die whereas active immunity will last depending on the antigen
c. It is nonspecific against specific invaders
**it is specific and defends against specific invaders
True/False: Adaptive immunity relies on innate immunity.
True
True/False: Only adaptive immunity has cellular and humoral responses.
False
**Innate and adaptive have cellular and humoral responses
Which of the following is false?
a. Phagocytes like neutrophils and macrophages are cellular respones to signs of inflammation for innate immunnity
b. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes are cellular responses used for adaptive immunity
c. Complement, lysozyme, C reactive proteins and antiviral interferon are humoral respones for innate immunity
d. B cells secreting antibodies, and mast cells are humoral responses used for adaptive immunity
d. B cells secreting antibodies, and mast cells are humoral responses used for adaptive immunity
**mast cells are cellular respones for innate immunity along with NK cells and Dendritic cells
True/False: With passive immunity we produce the anitbodies when we have been exposed to an antigen.
False
**active immunity we produce the Ab’s and with passive its passed from the mother
What is a naturally acquired antibody?
Exposure to an actual disease causing organism/ antigen that your body fought and now remembers
True/False: Passive immunity antibodies will last a lifetime.
False
**antibodies from mother will protect the baby for a short period of time while the immune system develops in the bone marrow and thymus
True/False: A booster shot is considered an as an active immunity.
True
A planned exposure to a form of an antigen that has been killed or weakened - you detected it, eliminated it, and remembered it. This is referred to as an ___ __ antibody.
Artificially acquired Ab
True/False: Most microorganisms do not cause disease in humans and animals its pathogens such as protozoa, bacteria, viruses, fungi, and worms that casue disease.
True
