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Histology > Introduction to Histology > Flashcards

Introduction to Histology Flashcards

1
Q

Flow diagram of cell -> to body?

A

-Cell
-Simple tissue
-Compound tissue
-Organ
-Organ system
-Body

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2
Q

What will show up as dark on e- microscopes?

A

e- dense items - as are stained w/ heavy metals

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3
Q

How are tissues prepared?

A

-Fixation - preserving tissue (formalin/glutaraldehyde)
-Dehydration (remove water) & cleaning (remove alcohol)
-Embed in suitable material (e.g., paraffin)
-Cut into thin slices
-Mount on glass slide
-Stain/dye cells/tissues (to see structures)

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4
Q

What does haematoxylin stain show & why?

A

-Binds to acids as the stain = base
-So e.g., - DNA, RNA = stained dark blue/purple
-These items = basophilic (base loving)

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5
Q

What does eosin stain show & why?

A

-Binds to bases as stain = acid
= cytoplasmic components = stained pink
-These items = acidophilic (acid loving)

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6
Q

What are the 3 embryonic/germ tissue layers?

A

-Ectoderm
-Endoderm
-Mesoderm

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7
Q

What are the 4 tissue types?

A

-Epithelial tissue = from ectoderm & endoderm (can also be mesoderm)
-Muscular tissue = from mesoderm
-Nervous tissue = from ectoderm
-Connective tissue = from mesoderm

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8
Q

What are 2 epithelial types that ectoderm & endoderm form?

A

-Ectoderm = squamous epithelium
-Endoderm = glandular

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9
Q

Role of epithelium x6?

A

-Protection (underlying tissues)
-Transcellular transport (across epithelial sheets)
-Secretions from glands (mucus, hormones, enzymes)
-Absorption from lumen
-Selective permeability - controls movement of materials between body compartments
-Detecting sensations

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10
Q

2 types of epithelia?

A

-Simple = 1 layer of cells
-Stratified = many cell layers

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11
Q

How does epithelia gain nutrients - as is avascular?

A

From connective tissue beneath - has blood vs - so pass though basement memb to ep

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12
Q

Layers from epithelia down?

A

-Epithelia
-Basement memb
-Connective tissue

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13
Q

What is the basement memb made up of?

A

-Basal lamina = secreted by ep
–> cells made of lamina lucida (lighter) & lamina densa (darker)
-Reticular lamina

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14
Q

Role of basement memb?

A

-Give support & attachment to ep
-Selectively permeable barrier (diffusion purposes)

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15
Q

3 types of simple epithelia?

A

-Squamous (flat)
-Cuboidal
-Columnar

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16
Q

How would the basement memb be described as isn’t made of cells?

A

Acellular

17
Q

What is a cell surface specialisation that columnar epithelial cells may have?

A

Cilia (if does say ciliated - if not say non-ciliated)

18
Q

Where is simple columnar ciliated epithelium found?

A

Fallopian tubes

19
Q

What is a cell surface specialisation that stratified squamous epithelial cells may have?

A

Keratin (if does say keratinised - if not say non-keratinised)

20
Q

How to name stratified epithelia with different types of epithelial cells?

A

Name based on top (apical) layer of cells

21
Q

What is transitional epithelia & where is it found? (Transitional ep = cell surface specialisation)

A

-Relaxes & distends as bladder becomes full or empty
-Changes between - stratified cuboidal (domed/distended shaped cells when bladder = full) & stratified squamous (when bladder empty)
-Lines urinary tract

22
Q

What is pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelia?

A

-Appears to have multiple cell layers when is actually just 1

23
Q

Role of cilia?

A

Sweep unwanted particles - to trap - so don’t reach lungs

24
Q

What type of cells are found in peritoneum, vascular endothelium?

A

Simple squamous

25
Q

What type of cells are found in collecting tubule of kidney?

A

Simple cuboidal

26
Q

What type of cells are found in proximal convoluted tubule of kidney?

A

Simple cuboidal (microvilli)

27
Q

What type of cells are found in gallbladder?

A

Simple columnar

28
Q

What type of cells are found in SI?

A

Simple columnar (microvilli)

29
Q

What type of cells are found in fallopian tubes?

A

Simple columnar ciliated

30
Q

What type of cells are found in respiratory tract?

A

Pseudostratified columnar

31
Q

What type of cells are found in small & large bowel?

A

Simple columnar (goblet cells)

32
Q

What type of cells are found in vas deferens?

A

Simple columnar (stereocilia)

33
Q

What type of cells are found in oral cavity?

A

Stratified squamous

34
Q

What type of cells are found in epidermis of skin?

A

Stratified squamous keratinised

35
Q

What type of cells are found in exocrine gland ducts?

A

Stratified cuboidal

36
Q

What type of cells are found in bladder?

A

Transitional (stratified)

Histology (14 decks)

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