introduction to cognitive neuropsychology & cognitive neuropsychology of language Flashcards
define phrenology
detailed study of skull structure as a supposed indication of character/mental facilities
what did Jean Baptiste Bouilaud propose about functions and the brain?
proposed that certain functions were localised
what was damage to the left hemisphere noted by physicians?
resulted in impaired movement on individuals right side
describe what Ernest Auburtin reported about speech loss
- reported that patient lost ability to speak when pressure was applied to exposed frontal lobes
what did Paul Broca find/study?
- studied a patient with lesion in frontal lobe
- could only say ‘Tan’ and utter an oath
what did Tan’s autopsy reveal?
- revealed lesion to left frontal lobe
- demonstrates lateralisation of function
(the idea that the two halves of the brain are functionally different and each hemisphere has functional specialisations) - demonstrates localisation of function
the idea that certain functions have certain locations or areas within the brain
what is the anterior speech region known as?
Broca’s area
what is the syndrome that develops as a result of damage to Broca’s area?
- Broca’s aphasia
what is Broca’s aphasia
lack of speech
still have understanding
what area is Broca’s area on Brodmann’s map?
area 44
area 45
what did Wernicke’s patients display?
- spoke fluently but words spoken made no sense
- could not understand what was being said to them
what is the speech region of the temporal lobe known as?
Wernicke’s area
what is the syndrome that develops as a result of damage to Wernicke’s area?
Wernicke’s aphasia
what is Wernicke’s aphasia
- impaired language comprehension
- difficulty understanding speech
- speak fluently but in no sense
