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Principles of Disease > Introduction to Bacteria > Flashcards

Introduction to Bacteria Flashcards

1
Q

Does bacteria contain a cell wall?

A

Yes

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2
Q

Do bacteria contain ribosomes?

A

Yes

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3
Q

Do bacteria contain a nucleus?

A

No

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4
Q

Explain the DNA in a bacteria cells

A

Contain single chromosomes that is not enclosed in a nuclear membrane

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5
Q

Why do bacteria have flagellum?

A

To allow their mobility

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6
Q

Why do bacteria have fimbriae structures?

A

To allow cell adhesion

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7
Q

What are the two types of bacteria?

A

Gram positive

Gram negative

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8
Q

What three layers of membrane do gram positive bacteria have?

A

Plasma membrane
A periplasmic space
Peptidoglycan layer

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9
Q

What 4 layers of membrane do gram negative bacteria contain?

A

Plasma membrane
Periplasmic space
Peptidoglycan
Lipopolysaccharide layer

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10
Q

How does gram positive appear under the microscope?

A

Purple

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11
Q

What colour does gram negative appear under the microscope?

A

Red

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12
Q

In gram staining what is the effect of the addition of acetone on gram negative?

A

Dissolved the lipopolysaccharide layer

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13
Q

What is the primary stain in gram staining microscopy?

A

Crystal violet

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14
Q

What shape are cocci bacteria?

A

Round

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15
Q

What shape are bacilli bacteria?

A

Rod shaped

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16
Q

What can the lipopolysaccharide layer act as in the body to create a strong immune response?

A

Antigens

17
Q

Why do different types of bacteria have different types of flagella?

A

Because different types of flagella provide different types of motility

18
Q

What is conjugation?

A

Ultimately when bacteria cells have sex with one another

19
Q

What is the purpose of a pillus?

A

To act like a bridge

To allow the transfer pf plasmids across bacteria

20
Q

What do some plasmids provide?

A

Resistance to antibiotics

21
Q

Do all bacterial contain plasmid?

A

No

22
Q

Can the bacteria lose its own chromosome?

A

No the bacteria can lose its plasmid but cannot lose its own chromosome

23
Q

How do bacteria cells replicate?

A

By binary fission

24
Q

Describe binary fission?

A

Replication to form identical copies of themselves

25
Q

What is transformation in bacterial cells?

A

When living bacterial cells steal left about DNA from dead bacterial cells

26
Q

What is transduction in bacterial cells?

A

Process by which foreign DNA is introduced into a cell by a virus or viral vector

27
Q

What is a bacterioirphage?

A

It is a virus that infect bacteria

28
Q

What can bacterioirphages do?

A

They can eat the bacterium, kill it or inject their DNA into the bacteria to alter its behaviour

29
Q

What technique is used to amplify DNA?

A

PCR

30
Q

Why is enriched agar called enriched agar?

A

Because it has loads of nutrients in it

31
Q

How are individual bacteria seen?

A

With a microscope

32
Q

How can colonies of bacteria be seen?

A

With the naked eye

Principles of Disease (14 decks)

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