Introduction to Anatomy Flashcards
What opposes anterior (ventral)?
Posterior (dorsal)
What opposes superior (cranial)
Inferior (caudal)
What opposes medial?
Lateral
What opposes superficial?
Deep
What opposes proximal?
Distal
What is the plane that bisects the human body in left and right halves?
Sagittal plane
What is the plane that cuts the body in anterior and posterior halves?
Coronal plane
What is the plane that cuts the body into top and bottom halves?
Transverse, horizontal, or axial plane
the metacarples in the hand primarily work with this kind of joint motion?
Gliding
What kind of movement is curling a dumbbell with your bicep?
Flexion
What is the opposite of flexion?
Extension
Describe abduction and adduction using the lower limb as an example
Abduction is swinging the leg away from the body and adduction is swinging the lower leg back to anatomical position.
What is circumduction?
This is when a rotating circle is made with a limb which creates a cone shape. Imagine pointing your finger straight out and with your arm extended and drawing a circle in the air. This creates a cone and is circumduction.
What is rotation?
Turning your head to look left and right.
What is plantar flexion vs. dorsiflexion?
Dorsiflexion is lifting your foot towards your shin versus plantar flexion where the foot is pointed away from your shin.
Describe inversion?
This is where an ankle is rolled medially toward the body.
Describe eversion?
This is where the ankle is rolled laterally away from the body.
What is supination?
This is actually anatomical position of the hands with palms facing upward as if they could hold a bold of Soup.
What is pronation?
This is a rotation of the hand away from anatomical position where the thumb will rotate over the hand medially from the supination position.
What is protraction versus retraction?
Protraction is where the jaw is pushed outward and retraction is where the jaw is pulled back into the face causing overjet.
Describe elevation versus depression.
Elevation is lifting the jaw to close the teeth together, and depression is where the jaw is allowed to lower where the mouth is now open.
Describe opposition using the hand as an example.
Opposition is where the index finger and thumb are moved together and oppose each other. Think of the A-OK hand symbol.
What is anatomical position?
Think of Da Vinci’s Vitruvian Man with the feet together. This is the initial reference point for describing body regions, terminology, and movements.
