Introduction Part I (Exam 1)

Question 1

Components of the central nervous system

Answer 1

Brain, Cerebellum, Brain Stem, Spinal Cord

Question 2

Components of the peripheral nervous system.

Answer 2

All the components outside the cranium and spinal cord.

Question 3

PNS is divided into which two systems?

Answer 3

Somatic and Autonomic

Question 4

Somatic Nervous System is _______.

Answer 4

Voluntary

Question 5

Autonomic Nervous System is _______.

Answer 5

Involuntary

Question 6

Rest

Answer 6

Parasympathetic

Question 7

Fight or Flight

Answer 7

Sympathetic

Question 8

Nerve cells which make up brain, brain stem, and spinal cord?

Answer 8

Neurons

Question 9

Non-neuronal supporting cells that provide services for neurons.

Answer 9

Neuroglia

Question 10

Three some types of neurons?

Answer 10

Afferent, Interneurons, and Efferent.

Question 11

Sensory input from the periphery of the body and transporting it into the CNS.

Answer 11

Afferent

Question 12

Connect neurons to other neurons. Function is to organize information received.

Answer 12

Interneurons

Question 13

Transmit information to the extremities to signal muscles to produce movement.

Answer 13

Efferent

Question 14

Stores K+ and neurotransmitters. Stores metabolites and forms scar or plaques after injury to neural tissue.

Answer 14

Astrocytes

Question 15

Form myelin in CNS.

Answer 15

Oligodendrocytes

Question 16

Remove cellular debris when injury or infection is present.

Answer 16

Microglia

Question 17

Most basic functional unit of a nerve (also called a nerve cell).

Answer 17

Neuron

Question 18

Receives impulses.

Answer 18

Dendrite

Question 19

Impulses passed from dendrite to ____.

Answer 19

Cell Body

Question 20

Special areas on cell bodies, which give rise to axons.

Answer 20

Axon Hillocks

Question 21

Substance composed of Schwann cells which are wrapped concentrically around the axon in a jelly roll fashion.

Answer 21

Myelin

Question 22

Outermost layer is connective tissue called _____.

Answer 22

Epineurium

Question 23

In both CNS and PNS high area of myelinated axons make up the areas of ______.

Answer 23

White Matter

Question 24

What is neurorehabilitation?

Answer 24

Impairments and functional limitations that have developed from a combination of the pathology or disease of the nervous system.

Question 25

The myelin is interrupted at regular intervals.

Answer 25

Nodes of Ranvier

Question 26

Is the jumping of the action potential from node to node.

Answer 26

Saltatory Conduction

Question 27

Space between the axon of one neuron and the dendrite of the next neuron is called ________.

Answer 27

Synapses

Question 28

Connection between neurons that allow different parts of the nervous system to communicate with and influence each other.

Answer 28

Synapse

Question 29

Chemicals that transmit information across the synapse.

Answer 29

Neurotransmitters

Question 30

Common Neurotransmitters

Answer 30

Acetylcholine (muscles), Glutamine, Dopamine, Norepinephrine

Question 31

High concentration of myelinated fibers.

Answer 31

White Matter

Question 32

______ matter is found in the brain and spinal cord.

Answer 32

White Matter

Question 33

High concentration of unmyelinated structures.

Answer 33

Gray Matter

Question 34

_____ matter composes the periphery of cerebral hemispheres and central portion of spinal cord.

Answer 34

Gray Matter

Question 35

Covers entire surface of the cerebrum and is called the?

Answer 35

Cerebral Cortex