Introduction

Question 1

What do HCI and HHI stand for?

Answer 1

HCI -> Human-Computer Interaction

HHI -> Human-Human Interaction

Question 2

What did Ofcom (2012) find about preferred methods of communication?

Answer 2

67% of people prefer communicating face-to-face with friends and family over all other forms of communication

Question 3

What are the limitations of face-to-face communication?

Answer 3

> Restricted time and place (limits participation)

> Limited non-persistent media (gesture, speech)

Question 4

Does good HCI mimic HHI?

Answer 4

No. Good HCI should offer new forms of engagement with others

Question 5

What are the three main facets of human interaction?

Answer 5

> Informational bandwidth
Psychological bandwidth
Communicational bandwidth

Question 6

What is the informational bandwidth facet of human interaction?

Answer 6

> Naive Code Theory
Conduit Metaphor

> Effectiveness of communication / signal bandwidth

Question 7

What is the psychological bandwidth facet of human interaction?

Answer 7

> Social Presence/Media Richness

> Effectiveness of communication = transmission of psychologically relevant cues

Question 8

What is the communicational bandwidth facet of human interaction?

Answer 8

> Grounding & CA

> Effectiveness of communication = transmission of communicatively relevant cues

Question 9

What does Information Theory state?

Answer 9

Communication is possible because of a shared code

Question 10

Who proposed Information Theory?

Answer 10

Shannon and Weaver (1964)

Question 11

What did Shannon and Weaver (1964) propose?

Answer 11

Information Theory, a variant of the Naive Code Model

Question 12

How did Shannon and Weaver (1964) define Information Theory?

Answer 12

> Message (alternative states at the source)
Signal (pairing signal states with source states
Content given through coding and decoding

Question 13

What are the limitations of the Naive Code Theory?

Answer 13

> Code is not defined
Understanding of language is not identical between all individuals
Impossible to code every nuance of meaning

Question 14

What does Social Presence/Media Richness propose about non-verbal communication?

Answer 14

Conveys:
> Relational information (turn taking)
> Affect
> Socio-emotional information

Question 15

What happens when non-verbal cues in face-to-face communication are removed?

Answer 15

> Relational information is suppressed
Affect is suppressed
Control function is reduced
Socio-emotional function is suppressed

Question 16

Theoretically, what does loss of social cues lead to?

Answer 16

> Reduced social control
De-individuation (group-think, lowered accountability)
Reduces status and power differences
Makes minority features less obvious (less discrimination)

Question 17

What is communicative success?

Answer 17

Mutual indiscriminability (no detected misunderstandings, fulfils intended purpose)