Analysing basic structures Flashcards
What did Sacks (1964) find?
During psychiatric emergency calls, if a caller does not identify themselves during the first turn, they are unlikely to give their name at any point in the conversation
What is the evidence for turn-taking?
> Less than 5% of conversation overlaps
> Gaps are extremely short (.5 s av)
What did Sacks, Schegloff and Jefferson (1974) postulate?
Local Management System of conversation
Who proposed the Local Management System of conversation?
Sacks, Schelgoff and Jefferson (1974)
What are the features of the Local Management system?
> Turns as the minimum units of conversation
Transition Relevance Place
Speaker selection
What are the rules for turn-taking?
> Selected speaker must speak immediately following selection
If no selected speaker, others may self-select
original speaker may continue if no one else attempts to take the floor
What are the basic types of overlap?
> Inadvertent competing first start
Misprojection of turn completing
Violative interruption
What are the types of silence?
> Gap (unintentional natural pause)
> Lapse (intended extended pause)
What is an attributable silence?
Silence due to a selected speaker refusing to speak
What are the main methods for dealing with overlap?
> One speaker drops out and the other recycles
> Competitive allocation (raised volume)
What is Burundi turn taking?
Turning taking organised by social status (eg, courtrooms or meetings)
What are adjacency pairs?
Two utterances which are:
> Adjacent
> Produced by different speakers
> Ordered/structured
What are insertion sequences?
Pieces of dialogue that fall between adjacency pairs
What are the two types of adjacency pair?
> Embedded question
> Temporary suspension of interaction
What are preference structures?
The degree to which possible responses to the a question or request someone prefers to give
