Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Bacteriology > Introduction > Flashcards

Introduction Flashcards

1
Q

Microbes under acellular infections agents

A

Prions and viruses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Microbes under cellular microorganisms - prokaryotic

A

Archaea and bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Microbes under cellular microorganisms - eukaryotic

A

Algae, fungi, and Protozoa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Nonpathogenic or pathogenic - harmless

A

Nonpathogenic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Nonpathogenic or pathogenic - cause infection and disease

A

Pathogenic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Nonpathogenic or pathogenic - can be beneficial

A

Nonpathogenic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Nonpathogenic or pathogenic - distinct shape

A

Pathogenic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Nonpathogenic or pathogenic - many live on surface of skin

A

Non-pathogenic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Nonpathogenic or pathogenic - some produce toxins

A

Pathogenic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Nonpathogenic or pathogenic - 70% of all bacteria

A

Nonpathogenic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Nonpathogenic or pathogenic- spread easily and live everywhere

A

Pathogenic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

established the system of scientific nomenclature in 1739.

A

Carolus Linnaeus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Study of bacteria.

A

Bacteriology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

simple, single celled (unicellular) organisms whose genetic material is not enclosed in a special membrane.

A

Bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Mode of replication of bacteria

A

Binary fission

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Organism whose cells have distinct nucleus containing the cell’s genetic material (DNA) surrounded by a nuclear membrane (Eukaryotes)

A

Fungi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Study of fungi

A

Mycology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Unicellular/ multicellular organism (Monomorphic; Dimorphic fungi)

A

Fungi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Mode of reproduction of the fungi

A

Asexual and sexual reproduction (budding or mitosis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Core made only ONE type of nucleic acid either DNA or RNA

A

Virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Does NOT contain structured elements required for protein synthesis

A

Viruses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Mode of replication of viruses

A

Replicates in host cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

do not cause disease under ordinary conditions
but have the potential to cause disease should the opportunity present itself.

A

Opportunistic pathogens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Microbes are essential for life on this planet as we know it. For example, some microbes produce oxygen by the process known as

A

Photosynthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Many microbes are involved in the decomposition of dead organisms and the waste products of living organisms. Collectively, they are referred to as decomposers or

A

Saprophytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Some microbes are capable of decomposing industrial wastes (oil spills, for example). Thus, we can use microbes— genetically engineered microbes, in some cases—to clean up after ourselves. The use of microbes in this manner is calle

A

Bioremediation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

E. coli produce what vitamins

A

Vitamin and b1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Many microbes are essential in various food and beverage industries, whereas others are used to produce certain enzymes and chemical

A

Biotechnology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Observe a thin slice of cork through a crude microscope

A

Robert Hooke

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Father of Bacteriology and Father of Protozoology

A

Anton yan Leeuwenhoek

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

considered as “first true microbiologist”

A

ANTON VAN LEEUWENHOEK

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

first person to observe and accurately describe living microorganisms.

A

ANTON VAN LEEUWENHOEK

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

used the term “animalcules” (tiny living and moving cells seen under the microscope) 🡪 made detailed drawings of organisms he found

A

ANTON VAN LEEUWENHOEK

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

proposed the “Spontaneous Generation Theory”

A

Aristotle

35
Q

states that living things could develop spontaneously from non-living materials

A

Aristotle

36
Q

Italian physician who introduced experimental procedure to disprove Spontaneous Generation Theory

A

Francesco redo

37
Q

He challenged the idea that maggots DO NOT arise spontaneously from decaying meat.

A

Francesco Redi

38
Q

He observed that a boiled mutton broth eventually became cloudy after pouring it into a flask that was then sealed tightly.

A

John needham

39
Q

He asserted that organic matter possessed a “vital force” that could give rise to life.

A

JOHN NEEDHAM

40
Q

He improved the previous experiments of Needham by heating the broth placed in a sealed jar. = NO GROWTH

A

LAZZARO SPALLANZANI

41
Q

He proposed that air carried microorganisms to the culture medium

A

LAZZARO SPALLANZANI

42
Q

It states that living cells can arise from pre-existing living cells.

A

Theory of biogenesis

43
Q

He challenged the doctrine of spontaneous generation with the concept of biogenesis.

A

Rudolf Virchow

44
Q

He disproved the doctrine of spontaneous generation.

A

Louis Pasteur

45
Q

He proved that the air does not generate itself, microorganisms are indeed present in it and can contaminate sterile solutions.

A

Louis Pasteur

46
Q

He proposed the use of HEAT in killing microbes or the ASEPTIC TECHNIQUE

A

Louis Pasteur

47
Q

a method used in preventing contamination by unwanted microorganisms

A

Louis Pasteur

48
Q

He provided evidence that microorganisms could not originate from “mystical forces” present in non-living materials.

A

Louis Pasteur

49
Q

What flask is used by Pasteur in confirmation of biogenesis

A

S-shaped (swan-neck) flask

50
Q

stated that yeast cells are responsible for the conversion of sugars to alcohol.

A

Theodor Schwann

51
Q

L. Pasteur described that certain microorganisms known as yeast convert sugar to alcohol in the absence o f air

A

Fermentation

52
Q

To resolve, Pasteur suggested the minimal heating of beers and wines that is enough to kill bacteria that can caused the spoilage

A

Pasteurization

53
Q

He disproved the theory of spontaneous generation.

A

Louis Pasteur

54
Q

He developed the vaccine against anthrax (1881) and rabies (1885)

A

Louis Pasteur

55
Q

He improved the wine-making processes. (fermentation and pasteurization).

A

Louis Pasteur

56
Q

He demonstrated that routine handwashing can prevent the spread of diseases.

A

Ignaz Semmelweis

57
Q

Important people under the theory of antisepsis

A

Ignaz Semmelweis and Joseph lister

58
Q

He introduced the system of antiseptic surgery in Britain.

A

Joseph Lister

59
Q

He pioneered in promoting among surgeons handwashing before and after an operation.

A

Joseph lister

60
Q

Used of phenol as an antimicrobial agent for surgical wound dressing.

A

Joseph lister

61
Q

First to show irrefutable proof that bacteria indeed cause disease

A

Robert Koch

62
Q

He discovered Bacillus anthracis, causative agent of anthrax in 1876

A

Robert Koch

63
Q

He discovered Mycobacterium tuberculosis, causative agent of pulmonary tuberculosis in 1882

A

Robert Koch

64
Q

He developed a culture media for observing bacterial growth isolated from the human body.

A

Robert Koch

65
Q

Suggested the use of agar, solidifying agent, in the preparation of culture media.

A

Fanny Hesse

66
Q

Developed the Petri dish

A

Julius Richard Petri

67
Q

Developed the enrichment-culture technique and the use of selective media.

A

Martinus Beijerinck and Sergei Winogradsky

68
Q

He introduced the concept of vaccination.

A

Edward Jenner

69
Q

used the term “vaccine” for an attenuated culture.

A

Louis Pasteur and Pierre Paul Emile Roux

70
Q

made a series of experiments to produce attenuated strains of bacteria.

A

Louis Pasteur and Pierre Paul Emile roux

71
Q

Discovered the streptomycin and neomycin antibiotics

A

Selman Waksmann

72
Q

Regarded as “Father of Antibiotics” – discovered antimicrobials before the hype of penicillin

A

Selman Waksmann

73
Q

He accidentally discovered antibiotic penicillin (Penicillium
notatum)

A

Alexander Fleming

74
Q

He discovered lysozyme

A

Alexander Fleming

75
Q

He discovered salvarsan (arsphenamine) for the treatment of syphilis

A

Paul Ehrlich

76
Q

Specializes in bacteriology— the study of the structure, functions, and activities of bacteria.

A

Bacteriologist

77
Q

Specializes in the study of various algae

A

Phycologist/algologist

78
Q

Explores in the area of protozoa and their activitie

A

Protozoologist

79
Q

Specializes in the study of fungi

A

Mycologist

80
Q

Studies on viruses, prions, and viroids and their effects on living cells of all types

A

Virologist

81
Q

Studies pathogens, the disease they cause, and the body’s defenses against disease

A

Medical microbiologist

82
Q

Concerned with the laboratory diagnosis of infectious diseases of humans

A

Clinical microbiologist/diagnosticmicrobiologist

83
Q

Concerned with epidemiology, transmission of pathogens, disease-prevention measures, aseptic techniques, treatment of infectious diseases, immunology, and the production of vaccines to protect people and animals against infectious diseases

A

Epidemiologist

Bacteriology (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions