Introduction Flashcards
The study of life and living things
Biology
Scientists who study biology
Biologists
A living thing
Organism
The series of changes that an organism can go through
Life cycle
What are the other 2 names of biology?
Life science and natural science
___ is said to be the first biologist. He developed the first organized study of the natural world.
Aristotle
The branches of biology are aka ___
Disciplines
What are the 10 branches of biology?
Anatomy, botany, ecology, microbiology, pathology, pharmacology, physiology, taxonomy, toxicology, and zoology
The study of the bodily structure of organisms
Anatomy
The study of plants
Botany
The study of the relationships between various organisms
Ecology
The study of tiny organisms
Microbiology
The study of the causes and effects of diseases
Pathology
The study of the uses and effects of drugs
Pharmacology
The study of the functions of living organisms and their parts
Physiology
The study of the classification of organisms
Taxonomy
The study of the nature and effects of poisons
Toxicology
The study of animals
Zoology
a tool that provides an enlarged image of an object
microscope
what are the 2 most general types of microscopes?
compound & electron
uses visible light as a source of illumination and has multiple lenses (usually 2) that can magnify specimens up to 1,500 times their actual size
compound microscope
uses electron beams as a source of illumination and electron lenses to help magnify specimens up to 100,000 times their actual size
electron microscope
what type of microscope is usually used in a school lab?
compound (light) microscope
how many lenses do compound (light) microscopes have?
2
what are the 2 lenses of a compound (light) microscope?
The ocular lens and the objective lens
what is the purpose of the ocular lens?
It’s the lens that you look through to observe specimen
what is the purpose of the objective lenses?
is closer to the slide than and can change magnification
a thin piece of glass used to hold a specimen
slide
what is the main thing that makes electron microscopes different than compound light microscopes?
they use electrons rather than light to show specimen
a sample that is studied
specimen
what are the 2 main types of electron microscopes?
transmission electron and scanning electron
the transmission of energy in the form of waves through an object
radiation
x-rays are a type of ___
radiation
x-rays are another type of ___ tools used in biology
imaging
when a human, or animal, under goes an x-ray, the image taken of their body reveals the structures that ___ the most ___
absorbed, radiation
in most x-rays, the bones appear clearer and more vibrant than other structures because they ___ the ___ ___
absorbed, most radiation
magnetic resonance imaging scans are aka what?
MRIs
MRIs use a ___ and ___ waves to produce detailed images of internal ___ and ___ that might ___ show up in an x-ray
magnet, radio, organs, muscle, not
name the stage of the human life cycle
infancy, childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and reproduction
what is the purpose of having different disciplines biology?
to study different aspects of life
what is the function of tools for scientists?
to help discover and research
what is the purpose of a microscope?
to inspect what the naked eye cannot see
how can you magnify a specimen using a compound microscope?
switch the objective lenses
