Intro to patho ch1 Flashcards
Predisposing factors
Tendencies that promote development of a disease in an individual
Precipitating factor
Condition that triggers an acute episode
Pathogenesis
Development of a disease
Iatrogenic
Known cause
Sub clinical state
Pathologic changes occur, no obvious manifestations
Latent state
No symptoms or clinical signs are evident
Sequelae
Unwanted outcomes of primary condition
Convalescence
Period of recovery
Prodromal period
Early development of disease
Signs are nonspecific or absent
Epidemiology
Science of identifying the causative factors and tracking the pattern occurrence of disease
Morbidity
Number of ppl with a disease within a group
Mortality
Number of deaths from a particular disease within a group
Atrophy
Decrease in the size of cells
Hypertrophy
Increase in size of cells
Results in enlarged tissue mass
Hyperplasia
Increased number of cells
Also results on enlarged tissue mass
Metaplasia
Mature cell type is replaced with by a different (tougher) cell type
*smokers lungs
Dysplasia
Cells vary in size and shape within tissue
Cancer but non invasive
Anaplasia
Undifferentiated cells with variable nuclear and cell structure
Neoplasm
“New growth” commonly called tumor
Invasive
Ischemia
Deficit oxygen in cells
Hypoxia
Reduced oxygen in tissues
Liquification necrosis
Dead cells liquefy due to release of cell enzymes
Brain
Coagulation necrosis
Cell proteins are altered or denatured coagulation
Ie: egg whites being cooked
Fat necrosis
Fatty tissue is broken down into fatty acids
Caseous necrosis
Form of coagulation necrosis
Thick, yellowish “cheesy” substance forms
(TB)
Cell damage
Physical- heat, cold, radiation Mechanical- pressure or tearing Chemical toxins- environment or body Microorganism- bacteria virus Abnormal metabolites- genetic... Nutritional deficits Fluid and electrolyte imbalance
Infarction
An area do dead cells as a result of oxygen deprivation
Etiology
Causative factors in a particular disease
