Intro to patho ch1

Question 1

Predisposing factors

Answer 1

Tendencies that promote development of a disease in an individual

Question 2

Precipitating factor

Answer 2

Condition that triggers an acute episode

Question 3

Pathogenesis

Answer 3

Development of a disease

Question 4

Iatrogenic

Answer 4

Known cause

Question 5

Sub clinical state

Answer 5

Pathologic changes occur, no obvious manifestations

Question 6

Latent state

Answer 6

No symptoms or clinical signs are evident

Question 7

Sequelae

Answer 7

Unwanted outcomes of primary condition

Question 8

Convalescence

Answer 8

Period of recovery

Question 9

Prodromal period

Answer 9

Early development of disease

Signs are nonspecific or absent

Question 10

Epidemiology

Answer 10

Science of identifying the causative factors and tracking the pattern occurrence of disease

Question 11

Morbidity

Answer 11

Number of ppl with a disease within a group

Question 12

Mortality

Answer 12

Number of deaths from a particular disease within a group

Question 13

Atrophy

Answer 13

Decrease in the size of cells

Question 14

Hypertrophy

Answer 14

Increase in size of cells

Results in enlarged tissue mass

Question 15

Hyperplasia

Answer 15

Increased number of cells

Also results on enlarged tissue mass

Question 16

Metaplasia

Answer 16

Mature cell type is replaced with by a different (tougher) cell type

*smokers lungs

Question 17

Dysplasia

Answer 17

Cells vary in size and shape within tissue

Cancer but non invasive

Question 18

Anaplasia

Answer 18

Undifferentiated cells with variable nuclear and cell structure

Question 19

Neoplasm

Answer 19

“New growth” commonly called tumor

Invasive

Question 20

Ischemia

Answer 20

Deficit oxygen in cells

Question 21

Hypoxia

Answer 21

Reduced oxygen in tissues

Question 22

Liquification necrosis

Answer 22

Dead cells liquefy due to release of cell enzymes

Brain

Question 23

Coagulation necrosis

Answer 23

Cell proteins are altered or denatured coagulation

Ie: egg whites being cooked

Question 24

Fat necrosis

Answer 24

Fatty tissue is broken down into fatty acids

Question 25

Caseous necrosis

Answer 25

Form of coagulation necrosis

Thick, yellowish “cheesy” substance forms

(TB)

Question 26

Cell damage

Answer 26

Physical- heat, cold, radiation
Mechanical- pressure or tearing
Chemical toxins- environment or body
Microorganism- bacteria virus
Abnormal metabolites- genetic...
Nutritional deficits
Fluid and electrolyte imbalance

Question 27

Infarction

Answer 27

An area do dead cells as a result of oxygen deprivation

Question 28

Etiology

Answer 28

Causative factors in a particular disease