Inflammation Ch 2

Question 1

Second line of defence

Answer 1

Nonspecific
Phagocytosis (engulfs invaders)
Inflammation

(PAC man, castle)

Question 2

3rd line of defense

Answer 2

Specific
Production of specific antibodies

T-cells
Immunity

(Soldiers)

Question 3

Normal capillary exchange

Answer 3

Blood flow —> normal fluid shift —> cells remain in blood

Question 4

Inflammatory response

Answer 4

Injury –> cells release chemical (histamine & bradykinin)–> vasodilation: increased blood flow –> increased capillary permeability
Protein and water leave capillary and form exudate –>. Leukocytes move to site of injury –> phagocytosis, removal of debris in prep for healing

Question 5

LOCAL effects of inflammation

Answer 5

Redness and warmth- ^ blood flow to injury

Swelling(edema)- shift protein &fluid to interstitial

Pain- ^ pressure of fluid on nerves, release of bradykinin

Loss of function- edema interfere movement

Question 6

SYSTEMIC effects of inflammation

Answer 6

Mild fever- release of pyrogens
Malaise
Fatigue
Anorexia
Headache
^ WBC, differential, ESR, fibrinogen, 
Lower prothrombin

Question 7

Chronic inflammation

Answer 7

More lymphocytes, macrophages and fibroblasts
More fibrous scar tissue
Granule a May form (pocket if pus) around object
Less swelling and exudate

ie: arthritis

Question 8

Treatment for inflammation

Answer 8

ASA
Tylenol
NSAID
Glucocorticoid

Question 9

Healing: first intention

Answer 9

Paper cut or incision

Question 10

Healing: second intention

Answer 10

Crater
Ulcer
Dehissed

Heal bottom up

Question 11

Resolution healing

Answer 11

Minimal tissue damage

Question 12

Regeneration healing

Answer 12

Damaged tissue replaced with cells that are functional

Question 13

Replacement healing

Answer 13

Functional tissue replaced by scar tissue

Loss of function

Question 14

First degree burn

Answer 14

Superficial partial thickness

Involve epidermis and maybe part of dermis

Little if any blister

Question 15

Second degree burn

Answer 15

Deep partial thickness burn

Epidermis and part of dermis

Blister formation

Question 16

Third and fourth degree burn

Answer 16

Full thickness burn

Destruction of all skin layers and often underlying tissue

Question 17

Effects of burns

Answer 17

Dehydration
Edema
Shock (hypovalemic)
Respiratory issues
Pain
Infection
Increased metabolic needs for healing

Question 18

First line of defense

Answer 18

Nonspecific
Mechanical barrier
Unbroken skin mucous membranes
Tears gastric juices

(The mote)