Immunity Ch 3

Question 1

Cell-mediated immunity (CMI)

Answer 1

Lymphocytes are programmed to attack non-self cells to protect body

Question 2

Self antigens

Answer 2

Immune system ignores “self” cells

Question 3

Non-self antigens

Answer 3

Immune system recognizes specific non self antigens as foreign

Development of specific response

Memory cells produced

Question 4

Humoral immunity

Answer 4

Antibodies are produced to protect the body

Question 5

Components of the immune system

Answer 5

Lymph nodes
Spleen
Tonsils
Intestinal lymph tissue
Lymphatic circulation

Lymphocytes
Macrophages

Bone marrow
Thymus

Question 6

IgG

Answer 6

Most common in blood

Placenta –> fetus

Question 7

IgM

Answer 7

First to increase in immune response

Memory

Question 8

IgA

Answer 8

In secretions

Tears
Saliva
Mucous membranes
Colostrum

Question 9

IgE

Answer 9

Allergic response
Inflammation
Releases histamine and chemicals

Question 10

IgD

Answer 10

Attached to B cells

Activates B cells

Question 11

Natural immunity

Answer 11

Species specific

Question 12

Innate immunity

Answer 12

Gene specific

Related to ethnicity

Question 13

Primary immune response

Answer 13

First exposure to antigen

1-2 weeks for antibody titter to reach efficacy

Question 14

Secondary immune response

Answer 14

Repeat exposure to the same antigen

More rapid response with efficacy in 1-3 days

Question 15

Active natural immunity

Answer 15

Natural exposure to antigen

Development of antibodies

Question 16

Active artificial immunity

Answer 16

Antigen purposefully introduced to body

Stimulation of antibody production

ie: immunization, booster

Question 17

Passive natural immunity

Answer 17

igG transferred from mother to fetus
Across placenta
Breast milk

Protection of infant for first few months

Question 18

Passive artificial immunity

Answer 18

Injection of antibodies
Short term protection

NOT an immunization shot

Question 19

Hyperacute rejection

Answer 19

Rejected Immediately after transplant

Question 20

Acute rejection

Answer 20

Rejects after several weeks

Question 21

Chronic/late rejection

Answer 21

Rejects after months or years

Question 22

What drugs do we give transplant patients?

Answer 22

Immunosuppressive drugs

Cyclosporine
Azathioprine
Prednisone

Question 23

Type 1 hypersensitivity

Answer 23

Allergic reaction

Possibly anaphylaxis

Question 24

Type II hypersensitivity

Answer 24

Cytotoxic hypersensitivity

Ie: response to incompatible blood transfusion

Question 25

Type III hypersensitivity

Answer 25

Immune complex hypersensitivity

Antigen combines with antibody

ie: systemic lupus

Question 26

Type IV hypersensitivity

Answer 26

Cell mediated or delayed hypersensitivity

Ie: poison ivy, rash shows up 3 days after exposure

Question 27

Autoimmune disorders

Answer 27

Development of antibodies against own cells

ie: lupus, myasthenia gravis, hashimotos, rheumatic fever, pernicious anemia

Question 28

Systemic lupus erythematosus

Answer 28

Chronic inflammatory disease

Affects a number of organs

Butterfly rash

Affects young woman mostly

Higher in Africa Americans, hispanics, Asians, native Americans

Inflammation and necrosis may occur

S&S: arthralgia, malaise, polyuria, fatigue

Question 29

SLE tests and treatment

Answer 29

Tests: LE cells, serum antibodies

Treatment: rheumatologist
Prednisone and NSAIDS