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Chemistry > Intro To Organic Chemisty > Flashcards

Intro To Organic Chemisty Flashcards

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1
Q

Define empirical formula

A

The simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element in a compound

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2
Q

Define molecular formula

A

Shows the actual number of each type of atom

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3
Q

Define general formula

A

Algebraic formula for homologous series

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4
Q

Define structural formula

A

Shows the arrangement of atoms in a molecule

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5
Q

Define displayed formula

A

Shows all the covalent bonds and atoms in a molecule

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6
Q

Define skeletal formula

A

Shows simplified organic formula by removing hydrogen atoms from alkyl chains

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7
Q

What is a homologous series?

A

Families of organic compounds with the same functional group and same general formula

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8
Q

State the suffixes for:
Alkanes
Alkenes
Alcohols
Ketones
Aldehydes
Carboxylic acids

A

-ane
-ene
-ol
-one
-al
-oic acid

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9
Q

State the prefixes for carbon chains with:
1 carbon
2 carbon
3 carbon
4 carbon
5 carbon
6 carbon
A cl group
A br group
A I group

A

Meth
Eth
Prop
But
Pent
Hex
Chloro
Bromo
Iodo

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10
Q

List all the types of isomerism

A

Structural:
Chain
Positional
Functional group

Stereoisomerism:
E-Z

Geometric:
Optical

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11
Q

What is structural isomerism?

A

Same molecular formula different structures

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12
Q

What is positional isomerism?

A

Same molecular formula with different positions of the functional groups

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13
Q

What is functional group isomerism?

A

Same molecular formula with atoms arranged to give different functional groups

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14
Q

What is chain isomerism?

A

Same molecular formula but different structure of carbon skeleton

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15
Q

Define stereoisomerism

A

Same structural formula but different arrangements of atoms in space

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16
Q

What is E-Z isomerism and why for it occur?

A

Two different groups attached to both ends of a double bond
Exists due to restricted rotation at the C=C

17
Q

What are the rules you apply to E-Z isomers?

A

If the priority atom (largest molecular formula) is on the same side of double bond it is labelled as Z, but if they are on opposite sides of each other about the C=C it s labelled as E

18
Q

What are the prefixes of:
Alcohols
Halogenoalkanes
Aldehydes
Ketones

A

Hydroxy-
Chloro-, Bromo-, Iodo-
Formyl-
Oxo-

Chemistry (34 decks)

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