Aldehydes And Ketones

Question 1

What is a carbonyl group?

Question 2

What is the general formula and functional group for an aldehyde?

Question 3

What is the functional group for a ketone?

Question 4

How do you name aldehydes?

Question 5

How do you name ketones?

Question 6

What IMF’s do molecules with a carbonyl group have?

Question 7

What is the strongest bond in carbonyl compounds?

Question 8

What bond in carbonyl compounds is usually involved in reactions and why?

Question 9

Describe the mechanism for the nucleophilic addition of a carbonyl compound
(Use :Nu- as the nucleophile)

Question 10

Define nucleophile

Question 11

Give three examples of nucleophiles

Question 12

Why is the addition of HCN important?

Question 13

Will the product of HCN addition to a carbonyl compound have optical isomers, if so why?

Question 14

What is the name given to the product of HCN added to carbonyl compounds?

Question 15

What is Fehling’s solution, and what colour is it ?

Question 16

What happens when an aldehyde is added to Fehling’s solution?

Question 17

What happens when a ketone is added to Fehling’s solution?

Question 18

What is Tollen’s reagent, and what colour is it?

Question 19

What happens when an aldehyde is added to Tollen’s reagent?

Question 20

What happens when a ketone is added to Tollen’s reagent?

Question 21

What is an oxidising agent for alcohols and aldehydes, what is the positive result?

Question 22

What is the reducing agent for aldehydes and ketones? What ions are then released in the solution?

Question 23

Name and describe the mechanism for the reduction of an aldehyde

Question 24

State the equations for the reduction of both:
pentan-2-one
3-methylbutanal