Intro to Nutrition & Dietary Guidelines Flashcards
3 applications of nutrition in medicine
- public health
- ambulatory medicine
- nutritional support/ in-patient
components of nutritional assessment
- history
- anthropometrics: non specific but sensitive
- Physical Exam
- Biochemical Exam: Specific but not sensitive
what component of the nutritional assessment is non specific but sensitive?
anthropometrics
what component of the nutritional assessment is specific but not sensitive?
biochemical exam
5 test to use on biochemical exam
1 albumin 2 pre-albumin 3 transferrin 4 CBC with lymphocytes 5 specific nutrient levels
qualitative vs semi quantitative
qualitative
- open ended
- focused
semi quantitative
- 24hr recall
- diet record
DRI
dietary reference intake
-emphasis shift from preventing deficiency to decreasing risk of chronic disease through nutrition
EAR
Estimated average Requirement
- Used for groups
- adequate in 50% of individuals in a life state/group
RDA
recommended dietary allowance
- individual
- adequate in 95-97% of individuals in a life stage/group
two factors contributing to readiness to change
importance + confidence
who do dg’s apply to?
healthy public >age 2
Americans eat too little 6
green/orange vegetables fruit legumes whole grains low fat dairy seafood
Americans eat too much 4
solid fat added sugar refined grains sodium caloric intake > energy expended
4 key messages in DG
- balance calories to manage weight
- be active your way
- foods to increase
- foods to decrease
foods to reduce as much as possible 3
trans fat
solid fats and sugars
refined grains
specific numbers foods to increase 1
whole grains at least 50% of grains consumed
general categories foods to increase 5
- vegetables/ fruits ~ variety
- food with potassium, fiber, CA, vit D
- milk proteins
- variety of proteins
- seafood
foods to substitute 2
proteins with lower solid fat
oils instead of solid fats
5 numbers specific foods to reduce
¬ Sodium
