Intro To Neurone Flashcards
Which currents inactivate?
I Na, I A, I t
How does mitral cell affect granule cells?
Excites to form long lasting IPSP
Which transmitter does mitral cell release?
Glutamate
Which transmitter reduces mitral cell inhibition during mating?
NA
Where is synaptobrevin found?
V snare
Where are syntaxin and snap-25 found?
T snare
Where is synaptotagmin found?
On the vesicle
Which transmitter is only ionotropic?
Glycine
What is the major CNS excitatory transmitter?
Glutamate
What are the inhibitory transmitters?
Gaba and glycine
What shape are excitatory vesicles under the microscope?
Round
What shape are inhibitory vesicles under the microscope?
Flat
Where are inhibitory synapses found?
The soma
Where are excitatory synapses found?
Spine or shaft
Which channels reduce AP height?
K and Cl
What is neonatal Cl- conduction like?
Flows OUT, raised intracellularly
Which are the long receptors?
Touch, pain, olfaction
Which are the short receptors?
Taste, auditory, vision
Which synapses mediate presynaptic inhibition?
Axoaxonic
Which kind of depolarisation does the axoaxonic synapse produce?
Primary afferent
Which currents are inwardly rectifying?
K1, K-ACh, KATP
Which currents are delayed recitfiers?
Kv11.1, Kv1.5, KCNE1/KvLQT2
Where do basal dendrites come from?
The soma
What are internal chloride and calcium like?
Low
What extrudes chloride?
NCKX and NCX
What are the non-NMDA receptors?
AMPA and kariate
What are NMDA receptors like?
Don’t obey Ohm’s law, slower decay of the response
What does PLA form via Gi?
Arachidonic acid
How does NO cause cGMP production?
Acts on sGC
Which afferents and motor neurones do muscle spindles act on?
IA afferent, alpha-MN
How many IA afferents are needed to make alpha-MN fire?
Many - EPSP below threshold
What happens to ionotropic Glu-R at 0mV?
Changes direction
How do muscle spindles inhibit antagonists?
Interneurone releasing glycine
What happens to time to AP peak as dendrites approach cell body?
Slower - more capacitance to charge
What happens to K+ permeability with some IPSPs?
Increased
What current is needed for a graded potential?
A current
What is the A current?
Further K+ conductance which does inactivate to space out spikes
What inactivates transient Ca2+ channels?
Steady depolarisation
Which currents do thalamic relay neurones use?
Ih
What activates the Ih current?
Hyperpolarisation
What does Ca2+-activated K+ conductance do to spiking?
Slows and terminates bursts
What happens to olfactory receptor nuerones when exposed to prolonged stimuli?
Coupled oscillation of Ca2+ and cAMP
Why do olfactory receptor neurones oscillate?
Preserves ability to fire spikes
What is it called when subliminal fringe cells can’t be stimulated twice?
Response occlusion
In which area of the hypothalamus do commisural fibres make spatially-segregated synapses on pyramidal cell dendrites?
CA1
