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IMMUNOSERO > INTRO TO IMMUNOLOGY > Flashcards

INTRO TO IMMUNOLOGY Flashcards

1
Q

Grew from observations of recovery and subsequent
protection from certain infectious diseases.

A

IMMUNITY

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2
Q

Derived from the Latin term immunis, meaning “exempt.”

A

IMMUNITY

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2
Q

Described a plague in Athens.He noted that, only those who had recovered could nurse the sick because they did not contract the disease a second time.

A

THUCYDIDES

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2
Q

Noticed that milkmaids with cowpox (Vaccinia virus) seem to be immune to acquiring smallpox

A

EDWARD JENNER

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2
Q

Dried smallpox crusts inhaled or inserted into cuts

A

VARIOLATION

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2
Q

cowpox

A

Vaccinia virus

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2
Q

small pox

A

variola virus

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2
Q

The cowpox and smallpox viruses belong to the same family, …, and share similar structural proteins and antigens.

A

Poxviridae

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2
Q

the memory cells generated in response to cowpox can recognize and respond to smallpox virus if it later enters the body.

A

antigenic similarity

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2
Q

He called the attenuated strain

A

Vaccine

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2
Q

Father of Immunology

A

LOUIS PASTEUR

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2
Q

anthrax bacteria

A

Bacillus anthracis

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2
Q

Founded to treat rabies victims

A

Pasteur Institute

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2
Q

what animal is tested in the anthrax experiment

A

sheep

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2
Q

Resistance to the spread of a contagious disease within a population that results if a sufficiently high proportion of individuals are immune to the disease, especially through vaccination.

A

HERD IMMUNITY

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2
Q

Smallpox eradication was achieved through

A

universal vaccination

2
Q

Developed the first effective vaccine against polio

A

Jonas Salk

2
Q

developed the first Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV)

A

Albert Sabin

2
Q

Demonstrated that yellow fever is transmitted by female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes.

A

Walter Reed

2
Q

Developed a live, attenuated vaccine against yellow fever

A

Max Theiler

2
Q

Demonstrated immune protection could be transferred via serum

A

Emil von Behring
Shibasaburo Kitasato

2
Q

Produces one’s own immunity through exposure to antigens

A

ACTIVE IMMUNITY

2
Q

Transfer of antibodies from one individual to another

A

PASSIVE IMMUNITY

2
Q

▪ Proposed by Paul Ehrlich in 1900.
▪ Cells express a variety of receptors (side-chain receptors) that can bind to infectious agents and inactivate them

A

Side-Chain Theory

2
Q

showed gamma globulin (now immunoglobulin) is responsible for these activities.
▪ Immunoglobulins (antibodies) are crucial in humoral immunity.

A

Elvin Kabat

2
Q

discovering the structure of immunoglobulins.

A

Sir Rodney Porter
Gerald Edelman

2
Q

Identified phagocytes (white blood cells) as contributors to immunity.

A

Elie Metchnikoff

2
Q

coined the term “phagocytosis”

A

Ernst Haeckel

2
Q

secrete antibodies that defend against extracellular pathogens

A

humoral immunity

2
Q

defend against infected cells, cancers and transplant tissues

A

cell-mediated immunity

2
Q

Immunology can be defined as the study of a host’s reactions when foreign substances are introduced into the body.

A

IMMUNOLOGY

2
Q

study of all aspects of the immune system, resistance to disease

A

IMMUNOLOGY

2
Q

The condition of being resistant to infection

A

IMMUNITY

2
Q

The structures, cells, and soluble constituents of the circulating blood that allow the host to recognize and respond to foreign (nonself) substances, such as antigens.

A

IMMUNE SYSTEM

2
Q

A foreign substance that can stimulate the production
of antibodies

A

ANTIGEN

2
Q

Specific glycoproteins produced in
response to antigenic challenge

A

ANTIBODIES

IMMUNOSERO (9 decks)

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