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Anesthesia > Intro to Anesthesia p1 > Flashcards

Intro to Anesthesia p1 Flashcards

1
Q

Anesthesia definition

A

Local or general loss of bodily sensation, especially of touch

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2
Q

Sedation definition

A

Decreased consciousness (doesn’t change pain perception)

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3
Q

Local anesthesia definition

A

Anesthesia to a specific body region without change in consciousness

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4
Q

General anesthesia definition

A

Anesthesia with loss of consciousness

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5
Q

Paralysis definition

A

Loss of function/movement of a body part

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6
Q

Pre-anesthetic exam needs… (6)

A
  1. Hx
    - Risk factors
  2. Physical exam
    - Cardiovascular health
  3. Age
    - Pediatric & geriatric
  4. Breed
    - Brachycephalic
    - Sighthounds
    - Cavalier king charles and maine coons
  5. Temperament
  6. Procedure type
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7
Q

T/F: All procedures and anesthetic plans should be individualized to each patient

A

True! There are no recipes when it comes to anesthesia

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8
Q

ASA importance (3)

A
  1. Allows for quick assessment of the patient
  2. Allows for techs & vets to understand additional monitoring or concerns throughout the procedure
  3. Quick way to eval patient and their needs
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9
Q

ASA levels (5)

A
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10
Q

What is a normal RR on a patient undergoing surgery?

A

8-20bpm
Or average of 12bpm

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11
Q

RR less than ____bpm is typically considered excessive anesthetic depth

A

8bpm

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12
Q

T/F: When anesthetic depth becomes dangerously deep, the heart will cease before respirations

A

False! Respirations will cease before the heart does

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13
Q

“_____” anesthetic inj drugs may cause irregular breathing patterns

A

Dissociative

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14
Q

Gasping or labored breathing (while under) usually indicates:

A

Tracheal or ET obstruction

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15
Q

Agonal breathing definition

A

Not true gas exchange breathing, usually occurring after prolonged apnea

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16
Q

Agonal gasps definition

A

Occur after cardiac arrest

17
Q

Positive pressure breathing
1. How often should the patient be “bagged”?
2. How is it done?

A
  1. 5-10min. Opens alveoli to allow for better gas exchange.
  2. Close pop off valve, inflate bag 20cmH2O on manometer, then open valve.
18
Q

Heart rate for
Canine:
Feline:

A

Canine: 80-120bpm
Feline: 100-180bpm

19
Q

Mucous membrane coloring
1. Pink:
2. Pale pink:
3. Blue/purple:
4. Red/injected:

A
  1. Pink: Normal and good!
  2. Pale pink: Blood loss or poor perfusion
  3. Blue/purple: Oxygen shortage in the tissues
  4. Red/injected: Can be a sign of cyanide intoxication
20
Q

CRT is a brief indication of blood ____/____

A

Pressure/perfusion

21
Q

What areas of the patient do we monitor? (6)

A
  1. Palpebral reflex
  2. Laryngeal reflex
  3. Pedal reflex
  4. Swallow reflex
  5. Corneal
  6. Auricular
22
Q

What do this monitor for?
1. Palpebral reflex
2. Laryngeal reflex
3. Pedal reflex
4. Swallow reflex
5. Corneal
6. Auricular

A
  1. Blink
  2. Intubation
  3. Withdrawal
  4. Intubation & extubation
  5. Blink/withdrawal (present until too deep)
  6. Ear flick
23
Q

___ position within the socket, the size of the ___, and response to ___ can be used to assess depth

A
  1. Eye
  2. Pupil
  3. Light
24
Q

Name the levels of depth based on this image

A
25
Q

As anesthetic increases, ___ constrict more slowly in response to light. If a patient arrests & expires, ___ are fully dilated.

A
  1. Pupils
  2. Pupils
26
Q

Assessing anesthetic depth using reflex response:
1. Stage one:
2. Stage two:
3. Stage three:
- Planes 1-4
4. Stage four:

A
  1. Stage one: All present
  2. Stage two: All present, might be exaggerated, “excitement phase”
  3. Stage three
    - Plane 1: Light anesthesia. Swallowing poor or absent, others present but not diminished
    - Plane 2: Surgical anesthesia. Patellar, ear flick, palpebral & corneal may be present, others absent.
    - Plane 3: Deep anesthesia. All reflexes diminished or absent.
    - Plane 4: No reflex activity. Overdose depth.
  4. Stage four: No reflex activity. Dying.
27
Q

T/F: The deeper the plane of anesthesia, the more relaxed the jaw is & there is less resistance to opening. You can check anal tone once jaw is no longer assessable for depth.

A

True

28
Q
  1. Stage one state:
  2. Plane one:
  3. Plane two:
  4. Plane three:
A
  1. Stage one state: Not anesthetized
  2. Plane one: Fully conscious & relaxed
  3. Plane two: Not easily observable
  4. Plane three: Unaware of surroundings
29
Q

Stage two is nicknamed the “____ phase” and we try to ___ this stage.

A
  1. Excitement
  2. Avoid
30
Q

List three patient reactions during the “excitement phase” and patient position when it ends

A
  1. Retching
  2. Thrash
  3. Vocalize
  4. Irregular breathing
  5. Ends with muscle relaxation
31
Q
  1. Stage three: What happens to gag reflex?
  2. Plane one:
  3. Plane two:
  4. Plane three:
  5. Plane four:
A
  1. Stage three: Gag reflex is suppressed & may need assist breathing.
  2. Plane one: Loss of pain response
  3. Plane two: Surgical plane!!
  4. Plane three: Deep surgical plane
  5. Plane four: Beginnings of respiratory paralysis.
32
Q

Stage four: Respiratory paralysis
List the depth signs (7)

A
  1. Medullary (brain & spinal cord) paralysis
  2. Respiratory arrest
  3. Vasomotor collapse occurs (nerves & muscles that control blood vessels
  4. Circulatory flow drastically reduced
  5. Blood pressure & pulse feeble
  6. Respiration will cease
  7. DEATH!

Anesthesia (14 decks)

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