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*Anatomy Reviews > Intro to Anatomy > Flashcards

Intro to Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Define: histology

A

Study of tissues

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2
Q

Define: pathology

A

Study of diseases

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3
Q

Define: anatomy

A

Study of the structure and shape of the body, its parts, and their relationships with one or another

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4
Q

Differentiate between ventral and dorsal. (2)

A
  1. Ventral = front

2. Dorsal = back

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5
Q

Differentiate between anterior and posterior. (2)

A
  1. Anterior = towards the front

2. Posterior = towards the back

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6
Q

Differentiate between proton and electron. (2)

A
  1. Proton = subatomic particles that are POSITIVELY (+) charge
  2. Electron = subatomic particles that are NEGATIVELY (-) charged
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7
Q

Define: cephalic

A

Of the head

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8
Q

Define: ribosomes

A

Organelles which synthesize proteins

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9
Q

Differentiate between DNA and RNA. (2)

A
  1. DNA = deoxyribonucleic acid; genetic information or blueprint of an organism
  2. RNA = ribonucleic acid; carries information or commands
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10
Q

Differentiate between osmosis, passive transport, and active transport. (3)

A
  1. Osmosis = passive diffusion of water through a membrane
  2. Passive transport = movement of substances through a membrane WITHOUT cellular energy
  3. Active transport = movement of substances through a membrane WITH cellular energy
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11
Q

What do all organic compounds have?

A

Carbon

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12
Q

Define: diaphragm

A

Sheet of muscle inferior to the lungs

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13
Q

What are the 3 types of matter? (3)

A
  1. Solids
  2. Liquids
  3. Gases
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14
Q

What does the ventral cavity contain? (4)

A
  1. Thoracic cavity
  2. Abdominal cavity
  3. Pelvic cavity
  4. Diaphragm
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15
Q

What does the dorsal cavity contain? (2)

A
  1. Spinal cavity

2. Cranial cavity

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16
Q

What is potential energy also?

A

Stored energy

17
Q

What is the main function of tendons?

A

Attaching muscle to bone

18
Q

List 3 things calcium is required for. (3)

A
  1. Muscle contractions
  2. Blood clotting
  3. Bone strength
19
Q

What is the most abundant inorganic compound in the body?

A

Water

20
Q

What does it mean for a compound to be “inorganic”?

A

The compound DOES NOT contain carbon

21
Q

List 3 things protein is used for. (3)

A
  1. Construction
  2. Cell function
  3. Producing antibodies
22
Q

What compound is the main fuel source for ATP?

A

Glucose

23
Q

What attaches bone to bone?

A

Ligaments

24
Q

What kind of organelle would the liver have an abundance of and why? (2)

A
  1. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

2. Break down lipids

25
Q

What does the golgi apparatus do?

A

Package proteins for export

26
Q

What acts as the raincoat for the body?

A

Epithelium (skin)

27
Q

List the 4 muscle types.

A
  1. Cardiac muscle
  2. Skeletal muscle
  3. Nervous muscle
  4. Smooth muscle
28
Q

Define: homeostasis

A

The balance of bodily systems, particularly in temperature, acidity, and solute to solvent ratio (water balance); bodily equilibrium

29
Q

What is metabolism?

A

The sum of all chemical reactions within body cells

30
Q

What 3 things are included in metabolism? (3)

A
  1. Provides energy
  2. Breaking down of complex substances
  3. Uses nutrients and oxygen to create ATP
31
Q

What is connective tissue used for?

A

Protect, support, abd bind together other tissues

32
Q

List the 6 levels of structural organization. (6)

A
  1. Chemical
  2. Cellular
  3. Tissue
  4. Organ
  5. Organ system
  6. Organismal body
33
Q

What % of the body is composed of water?

A

60-80%

34
Q

What is responsiveness also known as?

A

Irritability

35
Q

Differentiate between a symptom and a sign. (2)

A
  1. Symptom = abnormality reported by the patient

2. Sign = abnormality observed by another person (the doctor)

36
Q

Differentiate between local and systemic. (2)

A
  1. Local = confined to a small area of the body

2. Systemic = acts on more than a small area of the body

*Anatomy Reviews (7 decks)

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