Intro: The Sport Medicine Team And Role Of The RD Flashcards
What is the major difference between PA and exercise?
PA: energy expenditure as a result of skeletal muscle movement
Exercise: Planned, structured and repetitive PA with the objective to improve or maintain physical fitness
Any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that results in energy expenditure. The energy expenditure can be measured in kilocalories.
Physical Activity
A subset of physical activity that is planned, structured, and repetitive and has as a final or an intermediate objective in the improvement or maintenance of physical fitness.
Exercise
A set of attributes that are either health- or skill-related. The degree to which people have these attributes can be measured with specific tests. E.g. Cardio-respiratory fitness – VO2max
Physical Fitness
Activities that we engage in for reasons as varied as relaxation, competition, or growth and may include reading for pleasure, meditating, painting, and participating in sports and excludes activities that are work oriented or that involve life maintenance tasks such as housecleaning or sleeping.
Leisure activity
What defines an athlete?
- Training in sport aiming to improve performance/results
- Actively participating in sport competitions
- Formally registered in a local, regional or national sport federations,
- Have sport training and competition as the major activity (way of living) or focus of personal interest, devoting serval hours in all or most days for these activities exceeding time allocated to other types of professional or leisure activities.
refers to a broad field of medical practices related to physical activity and sport.
Sport medicine
Focus on areas of performance enhancement, injury care and prevention
Sport medicine
What are the goals of sports medicine?
Help active individuals (recreationally active or athletes) achieve optimal health and meet their specific performance goals.
What is the over-arching goal of sports medicine?
Health!
* Supersedes performance goals if there is a conflict
* Ethically, sport medicine professionals cannot recommend strategies that would enhance performance to the detriment of health.
How do sport medicine professionals tailor their advice?
- Age
- Stage of athlete development (LTAD)
- Goals
- Health status
- Existing knowledge or experience.
What is LTAD
long-term athlete development
A model that strategicially develops an athlete or active person for training, competition and recovery by recognizing the natural development in skills training of athletes and considerations for physical, mental and emotional developemnt
What are the two categories of the sports medicine team?
- sport performance and health promotion
- injury treatment and management
What sport medicine professions fall under the 2 categories?
Individuals involved in a wide range of care of the athlete
* Mental, physical – performance and/or health related
Athletes circle of care
Who is expected to have a circle of care?
athletes (vs. active individuals)
* Athletes are highly competitive and are training year round on a daily (or near daily basis) for an hour or more each day. Training may be their principle form of “employment,” or a daily activity.
What is the problem with the circle of care model?
Sometimes there is a bunch of hoops an athlete needs to go through in order to get access to a professional
What is the primary obligation of health care providers in the circle of care?
promote lifelong fitness and wellness, and to prevent illness or injury.
* Athlete health and well-being always supersedes performance goals if there is a conflict.
Role of parents in the circle of care for an athlete
Parents help kids implement recommendations and should stay in open communication with care providers regarding athletes well-being
* Foundational to the progression of the child’s performance; regarding nutrition they are often in charge on childs nutrition in early years
What are the more modern models of athlete care?
- Athlete Management Approach
- Athlete Centred Care Model
Describe the athlete management apprach
A performance manager is the mediator between the athletes and the health care providers
What is the problem with the athlete management approach?
The athlete may not want to tell a intermediary person they would rather go directly to the professional.
Describe the athlete centered care model?
Athlete has more direct access to range of professionals on the team
What is IST?
Integrated Support Teams
Interdisciplinary (team) approach to promoting sport performance and athlete health where Team members work together collaboratively to identify goals for the athlete.
integrated support team
What does the IST support?
- Set goals for the athlete that make sense and prioritize them
- More consistent role clarity for the athlete and among care providers
- Care is evidence based
- Resources used more strategically (time, money, facilities, expertise)
The procedures, actions, and processes that a healthcare practitioner is knowledgeable, competent and permitted to undertake in keeping with the terms of their professional license or registration.
Scope of Practice
What is important to consider with scope of practice?
IST roles may overlap so it is important to clearly define who does what and to what degree
Difference between team and person physician
- team: contracted to team. as an employee
- personal: selected by the athlete and not affiliated with the team
Assesses the athletes ability to play and contribute and to what level
team physician
Provides comprehensive, ongoing
health care to the athlete
personal physician
Sport related health concerns AND non-sport related health concerns
personal physician
Bound by patient-doctor confidentiality expectations
personal physician
Attributes of a personal physician
- Provides comprehensive, ongoing health care to the athlete
- Sport related health concerns AND non-sport related health concerns
- Bound by patient-doctor confidentiality expectations
Attributes of team physiciam
- Focus is on screening and assessment
- May also diagnose and treat using resources available through the team only.
- Shares athlete’s health information with team officials
- Must explain role and obtain consent from the athlete
Focus is on screening and assessment and may also diagnose and treat using resources available through the team only.
team physician
Shares athlete’s health information with team officials
team physician
What is the education of a head coach?
May or may not hold any formal coaching education
* Most high-performance coaches are certified and well educated.
Who is directly responsible for injury prevention and setting requirements for injury prevention?
The head coach
Role of the head coach
- act as motivators, demonstrators, strategists, and supports for the athletes they work with.
- aware of the abilities, needs and responsibilities of each athlete (even in team situations)
- understand limits of their ability to function as a health care provider.
- Directly responsible for injury prevention
act as motivators, demonstrators, strategists, and supports for the athletes they work with.
Head coach
aware of the abilities, needs and responsibilities of each athlete (even in team situations).
Head coach
What is the strength and conditioning coach responsible for?
- Training program design
- Exercise technique - education/demonstration
- Program organization and administration
- Fitness testing and evaluation
Minimum education of strength and conditioning coach
Typically:
* an undergraduate degree
* NSCA Membership
* CSCS® certification (course work + qualifying examination )
Experts in sport injury assessment and rehabilitation
Athletic therapist
Roles of athletic therapist
- first responders
- athlete education on risks and corrective action
- rehabilitative therapy
- Administer exercise for performance
First responders who provide on-field emergency care of professional and elite athletes
athletic therapist
Provide athlete education on risks and corrective actions associated with participation in fitness and sport programs
Athletic therapist
Engage in rehabilitative therapy (including electrical, thermal and mechanical modalities) using standard techniques and procedures
Athletic therapist
Administer therapeutic and conditioning exercise(s) to facilitate recovery, function and/or performance
Athletic therapist
Minimum education of athletic therapist
Must have completed a minimum Bachelor’s degree from a CATA accredited program + practicum
Role of physical therapists
- assist with physical performance abilities
- prevent and manange acute/chronic limitations
- promote fitness, health and well-being
- may perform some invasive procedures
Improve and maintain athletes physical performance and ability to function independently;
physical therapist
Prevent and manage pain, physical impairments, disabilities and limits to participation; and promote fitness, health and wellness.
physical therapist
May perform restricted/invasive procedures to support patient
care
▪ E.g. Intra-muscular stimulation, ultrasound, etc.
Physical therapist
Minimum education of physical therapist
Master’s degree + accredited practicum.
diagnose, treat and help prevent musculoskeletal (bones, muscles, cartilage, tendons, joints and connective tissues) conditions and disorders and the effect they have on the nervous system.
Chiropractor
delivery is non-invasive procedures to help relieve pain and discomfort, and restore range of motion.
chiropractor
Minimum education of chiropractor
At least three years of undergraduate university level study plus a four-year degree at the accredited chiropractic program + practicum
assess, diagnose and treat psychological, emotional and behavioural disorders. They also research and apply theories relating to behaviour and mental processes.
Sport Psychologist
Which healthcare professional provides emotional support
psychologist
* e.g. performance anxiety, goal-setting, motivation.
minimum education of sport psychologist
Master’s degree plus accredited practicum
Role of massage therapists
- assess soft tissue and joints of the body
- treat and prevent physical dysfunction by mobilization and other manual methods
Assess the soft tissue and joints of the body
massage therapist
Treat and prevent physical dysfunction and pain of the soft tissues and joints by mobilization and other manual methods to develop, maintain, rehabilitate or augment physical function, or relieve pain.
massage therapist
minimum education of massage therapist
Diploma in massage therapy plus approved practicum
work with individual athletes, teams, and sport organizations to provide nutrition advice and strategies
Sports dietician
What do sports dieticians support via nutrition education?
- Achievement of basic nutrient recommendations and promote health
- Peak sport performance
- Prevention of sport related injuries (E.g. dehydration)
What do sports dieticians need competency in?
- foundational knowledge of nutrition and metabolism
- dietetic practice skills
- foods and culinary arts
- sports science
- sports knowledge
Minimum education requirements for sports dietician
- Bachelor’s degree from a PDEP accredited program
- Minimum – 1250 hours approved practicum
- Successful completion – Canadian Dietetic Registration Examination (CDRE)
- IOC sport nutrition diploma
- Msc/PhD work
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