intro

Question 1

the function of the CV system is to

Answer 1

maintain homeostasis

Question 2

the heart acts as a

Answer 2

pump

Question 3

the blood acts as

Answer 3

transportation mechanism

Question 4

the vasculature acts as

Answer 4

tubing/exchange system

Question 5

which acts in series?

Answer 5

pulmonary circulation

Question 6

which acts in parallel?

Answer 6

systemic circulation

Question 7

pulmonary circulation is

Answer 7

1. lower pressure
2. single pathway through a single set of capillary bed
3. in series

Question 8

systemic circulation is

Answer 8

1. higher pressure
2. mostly parallel
3. oxygenated blood only visits one organ system before returning to the heart
4. blood flow to different organs can be regulated independently to match metabolic demand

Question 9

at rest blood flow is:
brain:
skeletal muscle:
GI system:
Kidney:

Answer 9

14%

15%

21%

22%

Question 10

during exercise blood flow to exercising muscles

Answer 10

80%

Question 11

left side vs. right side of the heart

Answer 11

left side: higher pressure, systemic circulation

right side: lower pressure, serves pulmonary circulation

Question 12

there is no direction connection between

Answer 12

right and left heart

Question 13

why must the right and left sides of heart be closely matched?

Answer 13

because its a loop

Question 14

how many chambers?

Answer 14

4 chambers
2 atria: smaller, priming chambers
2 ventricles: main pumping chambers

Question 15

valves are

Answer 15

1. consist of 2 or 3 cusps
2. all 4 valves are in the same plane of the heart
3. valves are one way, control direction of blood flow through the heart
4. pressure operated–passive

Question 16

cusps are

Answer 16

flaps of fibrous tissue and endothelium

Question 17

atrioventricular valve

Answer 17

1. tricuspid and mitral (bicuspid)
2. between atria and ventricles
3. have chordae tendonae

Question 18

chordae tendonae attach to

Answer 18

papillary muscles in ventricles and help stabilize valves and prevent prolapse of valves

Question 19

semilunar valves

Answer 19

1. aortic and pulmonary
2. between ventricles and great arteries
3. no chordae tendonae

Question 20

describe the layers of the heart from outside in

Answer 20

outermost:

1. pericardium
2. epicardium
3. myocardium
4. endocardium

Question 21

the pericardium is made up of

Answer 21

outermost:

1. pericardial membrane
   a. fibrous layer outer
   b. parietal pericardium inner
2. pericardial fluid
3. visceral pericardium

Question 22

Automaticity

Answer 22

1. heart beat is myogenic

2. originates within the heart itself

Question 23

sinoatrial node

Answer 23

1. specialized myocytes

2. initiates the heartbeat

Question 24

atrioventricular (AV) node is located

Answer 24

1. between atria and ventricles

2. slows con

Question 25

AV node function

Answer 25

slows conduction to allow atrial contraction to precede ventricular contraction

Question 26

the budle of his is between

Answer 26

AV node and left and right bundle branches in ventricles

Question 27

purkinje fibers are located in

Answer 27

inner walls of the ventricles

Question 28

purkinje fibers are

Answer 28

specialized cardiac myocytes cells that allow fast conduction

Question 29

the his-purkinje system functions to

Answer 29

coordinated contraction of ventricles