INTRO Flashcards
Is concerned with the key elements of occupational performance and identity: how a person identifies themselves and their future aspirations, their roles and their relationships, together with their personal capacity for fulfilling these within their physical and social environment.
OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY
Use everyday occupations and tasks creatively and therapeutically to achieve goals that are meaningful to people and relevant to their daily life.
OCCUPATIONAL THERAPISTS
Encourage people to collaborate in the therapeutic process in order to become partners in the design and direction of therapy and the (re)enabling of their life.
OCCUPATIONAL THERAPISTS
When a person is performing, they are able to meet the demands of each task, to respond adaptively to the demands of each environment, and to use the skills and knowledge they have learnt in order to act, interact and react appropriately in all the everyday situations that they encounter.
OCCUPATIONAL COMPETENCY
This is a temporary or enduring inability to engage in the roles, relationships and occupations expected of a person of comparable age and sex within a particular culture.
OCCUPATIONAL DYSFUNCTION
who they are and who they would like to be
Occupational Identity
what their physical, cognitive and social abilities are
Occupational Performance
an explanation or system of anything; an exposition of the abstract principles of a science or art
THEORY
the pursuit of wisdom or knowledge … the principles underlying any sphere of knowledge
PHILOSOPHY
can be most easily understood as the nature of knowledge
Ontology
is the approach taken to knowledge
Epistemology
contends that there is an absolute reality, which can be measured, studied and understood
Positivism
has been described as the perspective that an absolute reality can never be understood and may only be approximated
Post-positivism
a set of approaches, each of which places a particular emphasis on the way that people may experience and understand the world
ANTI-POSITIVISTIC PARADIGMS
focuses on describing personal experiences and interpreting these experiences for individuals without developing overarching theories of truth
PHENOMENOLOGY
‘meaning can only be understood by those who experience it’
PHENOMENOLOGY
a global term referring to the advocacy of women’s rights
FEMINISM
which focuses on the impact of socialization into gender roles
o Liberal feminism
which posits that existence within a patriarchal society subordinates women
o Radical feminism
which focuses on the exploitation of the capitalist class and its consequential effects on women
o Marxist feminism
Rejection of scientific objectivity and the use of standardized assessments and outcome measurements in practice
POSTMODERNISM
refers to shared meanings through which individuals interact and the specific beliefs, values and norms that shape the everyday behaviour of individuals and groups of people
CULTURE
is the proposed improvement of the human species by encouraging or permitting reproduction of only those individuals with genetic characteristics judged desirable
o Eugenics
a ‘mental hygienist’ and assisted in the foundation of the (American) National Committee of Mental Hygiene
DR. ADOLF MEYER
tackles the issues regarding a profession’s service provision
o Core constructs
is interested in the way in which a profession views, understands and interprets the world
o Focal viewpoint
highlight the level of importance that a profession places on issues from its own perspective
o Values
arose from the work of the profession’s founders and was based on their core construct, views and values
o Occupational paradigm
occupational therapists become increasingly competent at measuring and attempting to objectify their practice
o Mechanistic paradigm
which occupation is understood in a new and more complex manner and the importance of occupation in health has once again been established
o Contemporary paradigm
CORE SKILLS IN OT
o collaboration with the client
o assessment
o enablement
o problem-solving
o using activity as a therapeutic tool
o group work
o environmental adaptation
How can I best accomplish things
MANAGEMENT
‘what are the things I want to accomplish’
LEADERSHIP
is arguably one of the most important skills a therapist has
THERAPEUTIC USE OF SELF
A concsious therapeutic tool and suggests that there is a difference between a spontaneous interaction that is unplanned and a planned interaction that, whilst appearing spontaneous, is guided and informed
THERAPEUTIC USE OF SELF
are constructed by occupational therapists who may have developed them to meet local needs
UNSTRUCTURED ASSESSMENT
is the gathering of relevant information that informs the prioritization and development of clinical goals for intervention
ASSESSMENT
The occupational therapist will observe and accurately record the physical environment (e.g. buildings, interiors, heat, light, sound) and the social environment (e.g. How many people are in the environment? What is the nature of the relationships? How supportive are they? and so on) that contribute to or detract from a client’s performance and positive occupational identity.
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
have been rigorously developed over a period of time and are designed to be dependable
STRUCTURED ASSESSMENT
These are the major goals, the final destination where both client and therapist view therapy as having been successful
Long-term goals
Two types of goals
- Long-term goals
- Short-term goals
are targets that the client hopes to reach through involvement in occupational therapy
Goals
These are the more immediate goals of therapy, the stepping stones to achieving the longer-term goal or aim.
Short-term goals
is the implementation of the occupational therapy plan of care and the strategies used to bring about the desired outcomes identified in the goals
INTERVENTIONS
are measures of the result of occupational therapy intervention
OUTCOMES
is the method by which the client, therapist and other relevant individuals (such as carers) or bodies (such as the multidisciplinary team) know if the agreed goals have been met.
EVALUATION
The shared consensus regarding the most fundamental beliefs of the profession
PARADIGM
Theoretical or conceptual ideas that have been developed outside the profession but which, with judicious use, are applicable within occupational therapy practice.
FRAME OF REFERENCE
Occupation-focused theoretical constructs and propositions that have been developed specifically to explain the process and practice of occupational therapy.
CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF PRACTICE
