Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

191 Clinical Dental Hygiene > Intraoral examination > Flashcards

Intraoral examination Flashcards

1
Q

Types of examinations

A 
Complete
Screening
Limited examination
Follow up
Continuing care/reevaluation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Types of oral mucosa

A

Masticatory
Lining
Specialized

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Masticatory mucosa

A

Covers the gingiva and hard palate, the areas most used during the mastication of food

Firmly attached to underlying tissues except for the free margin of the gingiva

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Lining mucosa

A

Non-keratinized

Covers the inner surfaces of the lips and cheeks, floor of mouth, underside of tongue, soft palate and alveolar mucosa

Not firmly attached to underlying tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Specialized mucosa

A

Covers the dorsum of the tongue. Composed of many papilla, some contain taste buds.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Filiform papilla

A

Threadlike keratinized elevations that cover the dorsal surface of the tongue. No function in taste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Fungiform papilla

A

Mushroom shaped papilla interspersed among the filiform papilla on the tip and sides of the tongue. Contain taste buds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Circumvallate papilla

A

10 to 14 large round papilla arranged in a V shape between the body of the tongue and the base. Lined with taste buds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Foliate papillae

A

Vertical grooves on the lateral posterior sides of the tongue, also contain taste buds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Steps in the intra oral examination

A
  • inspect lips and intra oral mucosa using mirror for retraction
  • Brief visual exam of intraoral structures using mouth mirror
  • inspect the mucolabial fold, labial mucosa, then palpate
  • Inspect mucobuccal fold and buccal mucosa then palpate
  • inspect ventral surface of tongue and floor of mouth then palpate
  • inspect hard palate and palpate
  • inspect soft palate, anterior/posterior pillars and pharyngeal area
  • examined tongue; dorsal surface and lateral borders using gauze and mirror. Palpate tongue
  • inspect retromolar, tuberosity and alveolar ridges then palpate structures
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What position should you place the patient in for the intra oral examination

A

Supine position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What do you do if you find a herpetic Lesion?

A

Stop treatment and get opinion of dentist or instructors on whether to dismiss the patient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Notable findings on the lips

A 
Changes in shape or texture
Chapped or cracked lips
Pigment changes
Lip pits
Irregular Vermilion border
Lips that do not meet
Cheilosis at commissures
Herpetic lesions
Soft tissue lesions
Swelling of lips 
Asymmetrical mouth
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is angioedema

A

Swelling of lower lip caused by allergy to latex gloves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Notable findings on mucosal surfaces

A 
Changes in color or texture
Swelling
Trauma
Lesions
Pale or reddend mucosa
Dry mucosa
Linea alba
Leukoplakia
Lichen planus
Halitosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Wharton duct

A

Drains saliva from each bilateral submandibular gland and sublingual gland

Located at the base of the tongue near the sub lingual caruncle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Notable findings on the floor of the mouth

A 
Changes in color or texture
Lesions or other abnormalities
Swelling, especially unilateral
Mucocele or ranula
Salivary calculi or stones that obscure saliva flow
Leukoplakia on floor of mouth
Hard areas or discomfort
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Notable findings on the palate/oropharynx

A 
Swelling
Lesions
Tumors
Cleft palate
Changes in color/texture
Petechiae
Ulcerations
Inflamed or enlarged tonsils
Pus balls on tonsils
Red and sore throat
Deviated uvula
19
Q

Notable findings on the tongue

A 
Ulcerations and lesions
Swelling
Variation in color or texture
Black, hairy
Asymmetrical shape
Dry mouth
Denuded
Fissured
Geographic
Macroglossia
Ankyloglossia
20
Q

What information do we collect when documenting findings?

A

History
Location and extent
Physical characteristics

21
Q

History in documentation of findings

A

do they know about it? When was it first noticed. Durations, symptoms, changes in size and appearance

22
Q

Location and extent in documentation of findings

A

location related to adjacent structures. size, color, surface texture or configurations, consistency, morphology

Descriptive words: localized, generalized, single lesion, multiple lesions, separate, coalescing

23
Q

Physical characteristics in documentation of findings

A

Size and shape. Record length and width in millimeters

Color

Surface texture

24
Q

Procedures for determining when I suspicious lesions needs biopsy

A

Brush cytology
Toluidine blue
Diffuse tissue reflectance
Laser induced autofluorescence

25
Q

Exfoliative cytology

A

Minimally invasive approach to obtain a cell sample for diagnosis of suspicious lesions

Exfoliated cells and the cells beneath I removed my physical procedures such as surface scraping or brushing, rinses or saliva specimens

26
Q

What is laser induced autofluorescence spectroscopy?

A

Uses specific wavelengths of light to cause cells and oral lesions to fluoresce

95.9% accurate in detection of possible malignant lesions

27
Q

What is diffuse reflectance spectroscopy?

A

Uses a fiber optic probe to direct light to the suspicious lesion. Malignant cells scatter like differently than normal cells and this difference is measured. Also very accurate and identifying possible malignant lesions and is the most accurate non-invasive method

28
Q

Indications for biopsy

A

Any unusual oral lesion that cannot be identified
Any lesion that has not healed in two weeks
A persistent, thick, white, hyperkeratotic lesion and any mass that does not break through the surface epithelium

29
Q

Pathology report classes

A

Class I: normal
Class II: atypical, but not suggestive of malignant cells
Class III: uncertain, possible for cancer
Class IV: probable for cancer
Class V: Positive for cancer

30
Q

What will be contained in the documentation in the permanent record of a patient who needs a biopsy?

A

Every detail of the oral examination
Recommendations for frequency of examination
Review of all lifestyle habits
Progress note of first maintenance appointment

31
Q

What are Fordyce granules

A

Clusters of ectopic sebaceous glands. Appear as yellow lobules in clusters. Commonly observed on Vermilion border of lips and buccal mucosa

32
Q

What are Palatine Tori

A

Exophytic growth of normal compact bone

Observed in midline of hard palate
More common in women
No treatment unless they interfere with speech, swallowing, or prosthetics

33
Q

What are mandibular Tori

A

Outgrowth of dense bone found on the lingual aspect of the mandible in the area of the pre-molars above them mylohyoid Ridge

Usually bilateral
Can appear fused together

34
Q

Melanin pigmentation

A

Most commonly observed in dark skinned individuals

35
Q

What are lingual varicosities?

A

Red to purple enlarged vessels or clusters usually observed on the ventral and lateral surfaces of the tongue

Usually seen in individuals over 60

36
Q

What is linea alba

A

White line that extends Antero posteriorly on the buccal mucosa along the occlusal plane

May be bilateral and more prominent in patients who have a clenching or bruxing habit

37
Q

What is leukoedema

A

Generalized opalescence on the buccal mucosa
Most commonly observed in black adults
Less prominent when mucosa is stretched
No treatment

38
Q

Median rhomboid glossitis

A

Flat or slightly raised over or rectangular erythematous area in center of tongue

May be associated with Candida albicans
No treatment necessary but antifungal treatment may be used

39
Q

Erythema migrans a.k.a. geographic tongue

A 
Erythematous patches surrounded by a white or yellow border
Diffuse areas devoid of filiform papilla
Distinct presence of fungiform papilla
Genetic factors may play a role
May be exacerbated by stress
No treatment
40
Q

Ectopic geographic tongue

A

Term used to describe geographic tongue found on mucosal surfaces other than the tongue

41
Q

Fissured tongue

A

Dorsal surface of the tongue appears to have deep fishers or grooves

Cause probably involves genetic factors. Seen in about 5% of the population

42
Q

White hairy tongue

A

Elongated filiform papilla or white. Result of either an increase in keratin production or a decrease in normal desquamation

43
Q

Black hairy tongue

A

Papilla or brown to black because of chromogenic bacteria

Contributing factors include tobacco, foods, hydrogen peroxide, alcohol, chemical rinses

191 Clinical Dental Hygiene (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions