INTESTINAL NEMATODES: ASCARIS AND TRICHURIS Flashcards
flat and segmented
Phylum cestoda (tapeworms)
Flat and unsegmented
Phylum trematoda (flukes)
free living or obligate parasites
Nematodes
Most organs of parasitic worms are greatly reduced but reproductive system is well developed
Nematodes
- Nematodes have complete digestive tract and have separate sexes (male and female) and
dioecious
- Trematodes and Cestodes are ____________
hermaphrodites or monoecious
Elongated, unsegmented and cylindrical bodies
* Bilaterally symmetrical
* Tapered posterior end and rounded anterior end
ORE Pugh
Nematodes
in nematodes _____ are generally smaller than female
male
General features
* Both sexes are rounded anterior end and tapering or blunted end
* Males are curved posteriorly while females have flat posteriorly
sperm duct
Nematodes (Roundworms)
Longitudinal muscles: probing and penetrating motion
The nematodes (roundworms)
An arrangement of multiple longitudinal rows of muscle cells in each quadrant is termed __________
Polymyarian
one with no more than2 rows of cells is called _________
Holomyarian
one with 2 to 5 rows is meromyarian
Meromyarian
fluid filled space within the bodies of roundworm (not covered by the membrane)
Pseudocelom
Fluid-filled body cavity lying inside the external body wall of the nematode that bathes the internal organs, including the alimentary system and the reproductive system
Pseudocoelom
helps with waste removal, circulation, better digestion, and shock absorption for the internal organs
pseudocoelom
Pseudocoelom
In pseudocoelom the circulatory and respiratory are ______________
absent
Nervous System
- The nematode nervous system is characterized by an
(1) Circumoral brain or __________ around the ________ and;
Cuticle
Dorsal nerve
Nerve ganglion
Testis
(2) four peripheral nerves/cords are found to run along the body
_____________
- 1 Ventral nerve or cord
- 1 Dorsal nerve or cord
- 2 lateral nerves or cords
Muscles branch to ____________, rather than nerves to muscles.
dorsal to ventral nerve cords
__________ cuticular depressions present on the lips surrounding the mouth in the nematodes
Amphids
________ - similar to amphids but are found at the tail
Phasmids
What are the 3 stages
Adult
ova
larva
AOL
Habitats in Human
define CHATS (small intestine)
and TAE (Large intestine)
CHATS
C - Capillaria Philippinensis
H - Hookworm
A - Ascaris Lumbricoides
T - Trichinella Spiralis
S - Strongyloides Stercoralis
Trichuris TrichiurA
Enterobius Vermicularis
Give me the 7 worm of ascaris lumbricoides
Giant intestinal roundworm
Pinkworm
pinworm
threadworm
whipworm
sitworm
pudoc worm
AHW
Ascaris
Hookworm
Whipworm
Polymyarian
meromyarian
Holomyarian
Important things to take note
- A female adult worm can lay ________eggs per day
____________ of ova in soil lasts for __________ and can survive in the soil for ___________ - The hepato-tracheal migration phase of the parasite is about ______
Development into egg-laying adults take _________after ingestion
Lifespan of adult worm: _________
200, 000
Embryonation - 3weeks - 2 years
14 days
9-11 weeks
1 year
Fertile eggs measure ____________
* Has outer coarsely mammilated albuminous covering which may be lost in some eggs
Ascaris lumbricoides
45-70 um by 35-50um
The_____________ are creamy-white to pinkish yellow when freshly expelled. The head is provided with 3 lips and a small triangular buccal cavity
The adult worm in ascaris lumbricoides
____________ is tapered at both ends and large (20 to 35 cm long, up to 45cm)
Female worm in ascaris lumbricoides
___________smaller and slender, curve posteriorly and equip with copulatory spicule
ATLA
Male
a disease in which eosinophils accumulate in the lung in response to a parasitic infection
Mimicking pneumonia and asthma
Loeffler’s syndrome
give me the three diagnostic and treatment
Albendazole 400 mg 1 dose
Mebendazole 500 mg 1 dose
Pyrantel pamoate 10 mg/kg 1 dose
Give me the 3 prevention
EHR
Environmental Sanitation
Hygiene Education
Regular deworming
_____________ has no lung migration in its life cycle
* As soon as the embryonated ovum is ingested, the larvae will eventually mature into adults
Trichuris trichiura
。 Flesh colored or pinkish slender worm
Anterior ______ of the worm is attenuated and thin in contrast to the remaining posterior ______ which is fleshy and robust
“Whip like appearance”
Whip like apperance
Trichuris trichiura
2/3
1/3
Trichuris trichiura common name
whipworm
trichuris trichiura abundant in ______
TT47 protein