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PARASITOLOGY LEC > CAPILLARIA, ENTEROBIUS, STRONGYLOIDES, HOOKWORM > Flashcards

CAPILLARIA, ENTEROBIUS, STRONGYLOIDES, HOOKWORM Flashcards

1
Q

Capillaria Philippinensis

Infective stage:
Diagnostic stage:
Mode of transmission:
Autoinfection:
Larva lung migration:

A

Infective stage: encysted larva
Diagnostic stage: unembryonated ova
Mode of transmission: Eating raw freshwater
Autoinfection: YES-larviparous females
Larva lung migration: No

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2
Q

In what year and place pudoc worm happen?

A

1967 - epidemic in pudoc, Ilocos sur

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3
Q

Another term Capillaria Philippinensis

A

pudoc worm

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4
Q

Example of Capillaria Philippinensis

A

BBB
Bagsit, Birut, Bagsang

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5
Q

These embryonated eggs are peanut shape and measure 36-45

A

Capillaria Philppinensis

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6
Q

Capillariasis (6)

A

Abdominal pain
Gurgling
Diarrhea
Weight loss
Malaise
Edema

AGDWME

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7
Q

The main capillariasis

A

Gurgling

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8
Q

Protein losing enterophy
Malabsorption of fats and sugar
Electrocyte imbalance

A

PME

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9
Q

capillaria P.

A

Albendazole
Mebendazole
Fluid and Electrocyte replacement

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10
Q

General Characteristics

  1. Soil transmitted (2)
  2. Food-borne (1)
  3. Larva lung migration (1)
  4. Autoinfection (1)

SFLA

A

Soild transmitted
1. Ascaris Lumbricoides
2. Trichuris Trichuria

Food-borne
1. Capillaria Philippinensis

Larva lung migration
1. Ascaris Lumbricoides

Autoinfection
1. Capillaria Philippinensis

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11
Q

Enterobius vermicularis

Infective stage:
Diagnostic stage:
Mode of transmission:
Autoinfection:
Larva lung migration:

A

Enterobius vermicularis

Infective stage: embryonated ova
Diagnostic stage: female adult or embryonated ova
Mode of transmission: per-oral, ingestion of embryonated ovum, inhalation and RETROINFECTION
Autoinfection: Yes
Larval lung migration: No

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12
Q

Enterobius vermicularis

Adult worms have cuticular alar expansion (cephalic alae) at the anterior end and a esophageal bulb prominent posterior
Cervical alae Double bulb esophagus

A

Enterobius vermicularis

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13
Q

Enterobius vermicularis

Male (______mm long)
Female (______mm long)

A

2-5 mm
8-13 mm

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14
Q

curve tail with spicule
with long pointed tail

A

male
female

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15
Q

Asymmetrical with one side flattened and the other convex (D-shaped)

A

Enterobius vermicularis ovum

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16
Q

_________um by _______um in size

A

50-60 and 20-30 um

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17
Q

Embryonates within ____________

A

4-6 hrs

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18
Q

Pathogenesis and Clinical Manifestations

  • Enterobiasis or Oxyuriasis

Relatively innocuous parasite and rarely produce serious problems

  • Mild inflammation of the intestinal mucosa and secondary bacterial infection may occur due to attachment of worms to the walls

Migration of the egg-laying females to the anus causes irritation of perineal region - itching and scratching - secondary bacterial infection

A

Enterobius Vermicularis Ovum

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19
Q

Children infected may suffer from insomnia

A

Enterobius Vermicularis Ovum

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20
Q

Complications

Appendicitis
Vaginitis
Endometritis
Salpingitis

AVES

A

Enterobius Vermicularis Ovum

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21
Q

Diagnosis microscopic examination
___________ - only 5% will turn to be positive
____________ - Graham’s scotch adhesive tape (perianal cellulose tape swab)

A

Feces
Perianal region
enterobius vermicularis

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22
Q

Treatment

____________ drug of choice
_____________ and _________ alternative drugs
____________may be necessary due to high reinfection rates
___________ may be considered only after seven negative perianal swabs
____________ of the whole family is highly suggested

A

pyrantel pamoate
albendazole and mebendazole
second dose
curate
chemotheraphy

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23
Q

Prevention
(5)

A

Personal hygiene
Fingernails should be cut short
Handwashing
Infected person should be alone
Underwears, blankets, and night clothes

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24
Q

Common name of strongyloides stercoralis

A

Threadworm

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25
Disease of strongyloides stercoralis
strongyloidiasis Cochin-china diarrhea
26
smallest nematodes measuring 2.2 X 0.04 mm It has slender tapering anterior end and a short conical pointed tail the short buccal cavity has ________ the vulva is located _____ the length of the body from the __________ the uteri contain a single file _________
Parasitic or filariform female 4 indistinct lips 8-12 thin-shelled, transparent, segmented ova
27
Strongyloides stercoralis is _________
parthenogenetic
28
It has a muscular double-bulled esophagus and the intestine is a straight cylindrical tube measures 1 mm by 0.06 mm and is smaller than parasitic female
Free-living female
29
measures 0.7 mm by 0.04 mm and is smaller than the female it has ventrally curved tail, two copulatory spicules, a gubernaculum but no caudal alae
Free-living male
30
measures 225 micra by 16 micra it has elongated esophagus with a pyriform posterior bulb
Rhabditiform larva
31
Strongyloides has a shorter buccal capsule and a __________ feeding stage
genital primordium
32
Strongyloides egg ______ in the stool specimen
rarely seen
33
It is a ________ and are similar to those of hookworms except they measure about ______ micra by _________ micra
clear, thin shell 50-58 30-34
34
Strongyloides life cycle 1. Infective stage - 2. definitive host - 3. diagnostic stage - Eggs hatch in mucosa of intestines and are rarly seen in feces. It has both a ________ and _______
1. Infective stage - filariform larva 2. definitive host - human, monkeys 3. diagnostic stage - rhabditiform larva in stool sample free living and parasitic cycle
35
Strongyloides stercoralis A. Three stages based on life cycle 1. Cutaneous 2. Pulmonary 3. Intestinal
1. Cutaneous -- initial skin penetration 2. Pulmonary - larval migration in the lungs 3. Intestinal - symptoms depend on worm CPI
36
symptoms depend on worm load, immunocompromised patients may exhibit __________ and _________
leukocytosis and eosinophilia
37
_________ may lead to death due to tissue damage ; occurs in immunosuppressed patients; can be transferred through organ transplantation; transmammary
Hyperinfection syndrome
38
Strongyloides a D b C c B
a DFS b Concentration technique c Baermann technique
39
prevention and control of strongyloides stercoralis
Proper Sewage disposal Avoid walking barefooted
40
How to control strongyloides I T
Ivermectin - main Thiabendazole
41
What are the 5 types of hookworms
1. Necator americanus (new world hookworm) 2. Anjcylostoma duodenale (old world hookworm) 3. Ancylostoma braziliense - cat 4. Ancylostoma caninum - dog 5. Ancylostoma ceylanicum - humans and animals
42
hookworms Disease: (2) Uncinariasis hookworm disease
Ancylostoma Necatoriasis
43
________ posses a bursa which aids in the speciation of hookworm exhibits________
Male worm 8-11 mm long dental pattern
44
____________ pointed tail adults may live ________ rarely seen in the stool since firmly attached to the mucosa
10-13 mm long adults may live 2-14 years
45
non-infective; feeding stage bulbous esophagus long buccal cavity approximately as long as the width of the body inconspicuous genitsl primordium
rhabditiform larva
46
Hookworm buccal capsule genital primordium esophagus tail end
LSSP long small shorter pointed
47
Strongyloides buccal capsule genital primordium esophagus tail end
SPLN short prominent longer notched
48
OTCM Ovoidal Thin shelled Colorless Morula ball
Hookworm egg
49
Ancylostoma caninum - how many teeth Ancylostoma duodenale - how many teeth
3 teeth 2 teeth
50
hookworms Life cycle: infective stage: Definitive host Diagnosic stage
filariform larva humans egg
51
clinical disease of Hookworms PAAC pneumonitis allergic reaction anemia cutaneous larva migrans
hookworms
52
_________ and ________ through the subcutaneous tissue causing itching and the formation of ____________
Ancylostoma braziliense and caninum serpiginous tunnel
53
__________ is not seen in feces (unless the specimen is left for 24 hours)
Larva
54
Hookworm Diagnosis: Should you recover the adult hookworm, easier differentiation is done by observing the ________
buccal capsule
55
Hookworms 1. Necator Americanus 2. Ancylostoma duodenale 3. A. caninum 4. A. ceylanisum 5. A. braziliense
1. Necator Americanus - semi lunar 2. Ancylostoma duodenale - 2 3. A. caninum - 3 4. A. ceylanisum - 2 outer 5. A. braziliense - pair of big teeth
56
hookworms prevention and control: (6) Mass chemotheraphy when prevalence
1.proper disposal of feces 2. avoid walking barefooted 3. health education 4. treatment of infected 5. mass chemotheraphy 6. protection of susceptible individuals PAHTMP
57
treatment of hookworm 1. 2. 3.
1. albendazole 2. mebendazole 3. pyrantel pamoate
58
The pressure that will flow in the wall blood vessel
hydrostatic pressure
59
pull back sa pressure
osmotic pressure
60
no albumin no osmotic pressure
edema
61
Cochin-China Diarrhea originated in what country? Strongy S.
Vietnam
62
- some of the rhabditiform larva develop into filariform larva in the bowel and reinfect the host
Autoinfection
63
1. Demonstration of characteristic egg in the feces (2-8 cell stages) 2. Larva is not seen in feces (unless the specimen is left for 24 hours)
hookworms

PARASITOLOGY LEC (11 decks)

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